Mitsempha Yamkati Yamkati Yomwe Imatumiza Kumveka ku Ubongo
Olemicles ovomerezeka ndi mndandanda wa mafupa ang'onoang'ono pakati pa khutu la pakati lomwe limatulutsa phokoso kuchokera kunja kwa khutu kupita mkati mwa khutu la mkati.
Maina a mafupa omwe amaphatikizapo ossicles amatengedwa kuchokera ku Latin. Malleus amatanthauzira ku "nyundo," incus ndi "chivundikiro," ndipo stapes ndi "mavuvu."
Pakatikatikati pakumva, mafupa atatu amkati amalowa m'deralo osati yaikulu kuposa mbewu ya lalanje.
Momwe Auditory Ossicles Agwirira Ntchito
Cholinga cha auditory ossicles (chomwe chimatchedwanso mndandanda wa ossicular) ndi kutumiza phokoso pogwiritsa ntchito kayendedwe kake kamene kamagwirizanitsa khungu ndi khutu la mkati. Kamodzi kamene kamangoyamba kufika ku cochlea, chipinda cham'madzi, chimbudzi chodzaza ndi madzi, amatembenuzidwa kukhala ndi maganizo omwe ubongo umatembenuza.
Mchitidwe woyendetsa kayendetsedwe kake umayamba pamene mawu amveka pamphuno ya tympanic. Kupanikizika kwamtunduwu kumapititsidwa ku mitsempha, yomwe ili ndi fupa losasunthika lomwe limasinthasintha pa chimodzi mwa ziwalo ziwiri zosagwirizana.
Zomwe zimagwedeza zimayambanso kumalo osokoneza thupi asanayambe kusunthira pamatumbo, ndipo fupa lake silikuwonekera kokha koma ndiloling'ono kwambiri m'thupi.
Udindo wa ossicles wodalirika umatha pamene zowonjezera zowonjezera zimapitsidwira ku chinyumba kudzera pazenera lazitali (kutsegula pakati pakati ndi khutu lamkati).
Maofesi otchedwa ossicles amathandiza kwambiri pakumva kuti mawonekedwe a mpweya kuchokera kumlengalenga mpaka pamadzi odzazidwa ndi madzi. Zimathandizira kwambiri kuthamanga kwa ma decibel 30 (dB) kuti athetse vutoli.
Ulamuliro wa Phokoso
Kuphatikiza pa kuchititsa kumvetsera, zolemba zamakono zimateteza chitetezo poyang'ana phokoso lopitirira.
Izi zikachitika, minofu ya eardrum (yotchedwa stapedius ndi tensor tympani minofu) idzagwirizanitsa. Kuwongolera kumachepetsa mphamvu ya eardrum kugwedezeka, potero kumachepetsa kayendetsedwe ka ma ossicles ndi zovuta za phokoso.
Ndikofunika kuzindikira, komabe, kuti iyi si yankho la panthawi yomweyo. Chidutswa pakati pa eardrum ndi ubongo ndi kumbuyo choyamba chiyenera kulimbikitsidwa ndi phokoso lofuula chisanachitike. Momwemonso, kumvetsera ndi kumvetsera sikungatetezedwe mwa phokoso, phokoso lalikulu.
Zaka zingathe kuchepetseratu kufulumira kwake, kuchititsa anthu achikulire kukhala osatetezeka kumva kumva.
Kusokonezeka kwa Auditory Ossicles
Ma ossicles amatha kuonongeka nthawi zina, mwachindunji ndi mwachindunji. Kuvulala kungachititse kumva kutaya, nthawi zina koopsa, ndipo kungaphatikizepo:
- Matenda a otosclerosis , omwe mafupa ovomerezeka amatsutsana nawo ndipo nthawi zina amafunika opaleshoni kukonzekera
- Kuchotsa mafupa olimbitsa thupi chifukwa cha kupweteka, kuvutika maganizo, kapena matenda aakulu
- Cholesteatoma , chiphuphu chomwe chimayambira kumbuyo kwa chiwombankhanga ndipo chimapangitsa kuyenda kwa mafupa ovomerezeka
- Kuwombera m'mimba kapena matenda (myringitis) omwe amachepetsa zofuna zowopsya ku mafupa ovomerezeka
- Matenda apakati a makutu omwe amachititsa kuti madzi azikhala otupa omwe amalepheretsa kusuntha mafupa
- Matenda a chibadwa omwe amalepheretsa kukula bwino kwa ossicles
> Chitsime:
> Saha, R .; Srimani, P .; Mazumdar, A. et al. "Kusiyanasiyana kwa Maonekedwe a Kumutu Wapakati Ossicles ndi Maphunziro Ake Okhudza Zipatala." J Clin Diagn Res. 2017; 11 (1): AC01-04. DOI: 10.7860 / JCDR / 2017 / 23906.9147.