Matenda a kansa ya m'magazi, Germ Cell, ndi kugonana-Chingwe Chopweteka Mitsempha
Monga odwala khansa ya ovari, mumatha kudutsa mawu akuti "zotupa." Koma kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani?
Khansara ya ovariya imatchulidwa kwambiri chifukwa imachokera ku ovary (kapena mazira omwe ali pafupi ndi ovary.) Koma pali mitundu yambiri ya maselo m'mimba mwake , ndipo iliyonse ya maselowa akhoza kukhala khansa. Maselowa onse ali ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana ndipo amapanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana zamoyo.
Zinthuzi zikhoza kuyeza m'magazi ndipo zimatchedwa tumor markers.
Chifukwa Chake Dokotala Wanu Akuyesa Kuyesedwa kwa Magazi Omvera
Nthaŵi zina, chotupa chotupa ndi chinthu chimene chimapangidwa ndi maselo osadziwika. Komabe, kawirikawiri, zizindikirozi zimangobwereka mopitirira malire kwambiri ngati maselo a khansa amapanga mbali zosiyanasiyana za makina awo. Madokotala amatchula ziphuphu zomwe zimabweretsa zochuluka za zinthu izi ngati zotupa zomwe fotokozani izi zizindikiro. Mwachitsanzo, m'malo moti kansa ya ovari imapangitsa kuti CA-125 ikhale yodabwitsa, akhoza kunena kuti khansara imasonyeza CA-125 .
Mitundu ya Khansa ya Ovarian
Mulimonsemo, izi zikutanthauza kuti dokotala wanu angayang'ane magazi anu kuti ayese zowonongeka, zomwe zikuwonetsa mtundu wa khansa ilipo, kapena kenako, momwe mankhwala anu akugwirira ntchito. Kawirikawiri, zizindikiro zamatenda zimachepa nthawi iliyonse pamene mankhwala amatha.
Khansa yowopsa kwambiri ya ovary imatchedwa khansa ya epathelial ovarian. Pali atatu subtypes: mucinous, serous ndi endometrioid. Mitundu yambiri yosawerengeka ya khansa ya mazira yotchedwa ovarian khansa imatchedwa kachilombo kajeremusi ndi chingwe chogonana chimatulutsa khansa. Zonsezi zili ndi subtypes zingapo, koma zizindikirozo ndi zofanana pa gulu lililonse la magulu akuluakulu.
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Matenda Marker
Mthendayi ya CA-125 yoyeretsa magazi ndi yofala kwambiri yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa gulu la khansa. CA imayimira "khansa ya antigen." CA-125 ingapangidwe ndi maselo abwino koma imapangidwira m'matenda apamwamba m'magazi ena a khansa ya ovariya kuposa maselo omwe amatha kuwonetsa.
CA-125 ingagwiritsidwe ntchito monga gawo la chiwerengero cha ovarian risk risk kuti muzindikire khansara ya ovari, kapena ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyang'anitsitsa kuyankhidwa kwa chithandizo cha khansa ya ovarian. Sikuti khansa yonse ya ovari imafotokoza CA-125, ndipo miyezo ndi yachibadwa pafupifupi 20% mwa mitundu iyi ya khansa ya ovari. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ziwalo zina zowonongeka, komanso zikhalidwe zina, zingayambitse chiwerengero cha CA-125 chokwera.
Pa ma 3 subtypes a kansa ya epantlial ovarian, khansa ya mucinous sichitha kufotokozera CA-125 kusiyana ndi zotupa za serous kapena endometrioid.
HE4 - mapuloteni a epididymis a anthu 4 ndi kachilombo katsopano kamene kangathenso kuwonetseratu mu khansara ya ovari, ndipo monga CA-125 akhoza kupezeka ndi zotupa za serous ndi endometrioid. Ofufuza ena apeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a CA-125 ndi HE4 ndi othandiza kwambiri pakupeza khansara ya ovari kuposa chiyeso chogwiritsidwa ntchito payekha.
Popeza amayi omwe ali ndi zaka zoposa 40 ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa khansa ya epithelial ovarian, izi zimakhala zosathandiza kwambiri pakudziwa kwa atsikana achichepere.
Zina zowononga ziphuphu zomwe nthawi zina zingakhale zothandiza poyang'anira khansa ya mucinous ovarian ndi CA-72-4, CA-19-9 ndi CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen). Pali zina zomwe zingakwezedwe koma sizigwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. CA 19-9 amawoneka mwa amayi omwe ali ndi mucinous subtype ndipo angakhale othandiza pa njira yothandizira pamene ali ndi CA-125.
Mitundu Yachijeremusi Yachijeremusi
Mankhwala awiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa gulu la khansa ndi awa: alpha-protein protein (AFP) ndi chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) . Chotsatirachi chimagwiritsidwanso ntchito poyang'anira mimba yoyenera. Maseŵera a AFP ndi hCG omwe ali okwezeka kwambiri ndi njira yeniyeni yeniyeni yodziwira zotupa.
Zingwe za kugonana Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda otupa
Zolemba zokhazo zomwe zili zothandiza zimapangidwa ndi granulosa cell subtype. Izi zikuphatikizapo estradiol (mtundu wa estrogen) ndi inhibin . Popeza kuti zotupazi zimapezeka mwa atsikana , mayeserowa angapangidwe monga gawo la kupweteka kwa mimba (ndi zizindikiro zina monga kutha msinkhu) kwa atsikana ndi atsikana.
Zotsatira:
Berek, Johanthan S. "Zochita Zachilengedwe Zowona Zamagetsi." Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2004
Carlson, K. Kuyeza kwa Khansa ya Ovarian. Zaposachedwa. Kusinthidwa 03/01/16.
Hu, M., Guan, H., Lau, C. ndi al. Ndondomeko ya kuyeza kwa β-hCG ndi αFP kwa ma ARV. European Journal of Medical Research . 2016. 21 (1): 10.
Santororibio, J. Kodi ndi zotupa zotani zomwe zimadziwika bwino ndi khansa yapachilombo? American Association of Clinical Chemistry. 01/20/16.
Soletormos, G., Duffy, M., Hassan, S. ndi al. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Kachilombo ka khansa mu Epithelial Cancer Ovarian Buku Loperekedwa Malangizo Kuchokera ku European Group pa Tumor Markers. Magazini ya International Journal ya Cancer Gynecologic . 2016. 26 (1): 43-51.
Uma, D., Purushotham, N., Jayashree. Kusamalira Khansa ya Ovariya Amayi Amayi. Zowonongeka pa Zomwe Zilipo Posachedwapa . 2015. 10 (4): 263-9.