Kukonzekera ndi Ndondomeko Yophatikizidwa mu Opaleshoni Yopereka Chithandizo Chogonana
Ngati inu kapena wokondedwa wanu mukuganiza opaleshoni yowononga kugonana, mwinamwake mukudabwa kuti mungachite zotani musanachite opaleshoniyo. Tiyeni tiyang'ane zomwe zimafunikira kuti tikakhale opaleshoni pa opaleshoniyi, zotsatira zake zabwino ndi zotsatira za mankhwala opatsirana, komanso ma opaleshoni omwe alipo.
Opaleshoni Yopereka Chithandizo Chogonana (SRS)
Kuchita opaleshoni yowonongeka kwa amuna ndi akazi (GRS), m'mbuyomo amadziŵa kuti opaleshoni yowonongeka (SRS) imachitidwa kwa anthu osinthika omwe ali ndi dysphoria kwa amuna awo.
Poyamba, mawu akuti transsexual amagwiritsidwa ntchito polongosola munthu amene adalandira mtundu wina wa mankhwala kapena opaleshoni kuti abwererenso kwa amayi. Izi zikhoza kukhala pamene mkazi wa transgender amasintha kuchoka kwa mwamuna kapena mkazi kapena pamene mwamuna transgender amasintha kuchokera kwa mwamuna mpaka mwamuna.
Kusiyana pakati pa 'Transgender' ndi 'Transsexual'
"Transgender" imatanthawuza anthu omwe amadziwika ndi amuna omwe amasiyana nawo omwe amasiyana nawo. Kawirikawiri amuna omwe amagawira amuna awo amawagwiritsa ntchito poonekera maonekedwe awo. Anthu a Transgender angakhale kapena sanachite opaleshoni yowononga kugonana. Transgenderism yalembedwa kuyambira kale.
"Transsexual" amatanthauza anthu omwe akufuna kapena opaleshoni kapena chithandizo chamankhwala kuti asinthe maonekedwe a ziwalo zawo za kubadwa monga njira yochepetsera chiwerewere chawo.
Zifukwa Zomwe Munthu Akugonjera Opaleshoni Yopititsa Kugonana
Anthu ambiri ochimwa amadziwika bwino pakati pa amai ndi amai awo komanso amai awo.
Bungwe la American Psychiatric Association (APA) lapeza izi monga chiwerewere cha dysphoria. Kugonana kwa amuna ndi akazi kungachititse anthu kukhala okhumudwa kwambiri komanso osokonezeka pazochita zawo. Kwa anthu awa, kusintha kwa amuna, kusamalidwa kwa mahomoni, ndi opaleshoni yowononga kugonana zimalola kuti maonekedwe awo akunja afane ndi zomwe amamva mkati.
Kutembenukira ku Chiyanjano China
"Kusintha" ku chikhalidwe china kungaphatikizepo:
- Kuvala ndi kukhala ndi maudindo a amuna omwe ali ogwirizana ndi amayi awo popanda opaleshoni.
- Kutenga mahomoni ogonana ndi / kapena opaleshoni kuchotsa kapena kusintha ziwalo zoberekera ndi ziwalo zoberekera.
Zomwe Zikufunikiratu Musanayambe Kugonana kapena Kupatsirana Kugonana
Kuphatikiza pa kumvetsetsa kwakukulu kwa njira, mahomoni, ndi ngozi zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mitundu imeneyi, palinso njira zina zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa opaleshoni isanakwane. Njira zofunikira zingaphatikizepo:
- Kufufuza kwa thanzi labwino: Kufufuza kwa thanzi labwino kumayenera kuyang'ana maganizo aliwonse a thanzi omwe angakhudze malingaliro a munthu, ndikuwonekeratu kuti munthu ali wokonzeka kuvutika maganizo ndi kusintha kwa thupi.
- Ndemanga yosavuta komanso yosasinthika yokhudza matenda a dysphoria.
- Chiyeso cha "moyo weniweni": Munthuyo ayenera kutenga mbali ya zofuna zogonana pazochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku, pandekha komanso pamaluso (zomwe zimadziwika kuti "zenizeni pamoyo" kapena "kuyesa moyo weniweni").
Udindo wa Mankhwala a Hormone Potembenuza
Kwa anthu ochimwa omwe akufuna kuchitidwa opaleshoni, opaleshoni ya mahomoni (HT), yomwe imatchedwanso hormone replacement therapy (HRT), imaphatikizapo kutenga isrogen kwa kusintha kwa amuna kapena akazi kapena testosterone kwa amayi kuti asinthe.
Mankhwala opanga mahomoni angagwiritsidwe ntchito kale, nthawi, ndi pambuyo pa kusintha kwa opaleshoni kwa mtundu wina.
Cholinga cha mankhwala opanga mahomoni ndicho kusintha maonekedwe anu muzofuna kugonana.
Zotsatira za Testosterone pazimayi
Pamene mkazi wa chilengedwe amayamba kutenga testosterone , kusintha kumaphatikizapo kuchepetsa chikhalidwe cha chiwerewere ndi kuwonjezeka kwa ziwalo za kugonana amuna.
Kusintha kwa thupi kumaphatikizapo:
- Zoweta za ndevu ndi masharubu
- Kuzama kwa liwu
- Kuwonjezera kwa clitoris
- Kuwonjezeka kwa ubweya wa thupi
- Kuchuluka kwa minofu ndi mphamvu
- Kuwonjezeka mu chiwerengero cha maselo ofiira ofiira
- Kubwezeretsa mafuta kuchokera pachifuwa, m'chiuno, ndi ntchafu mpaka kumimba
- Kukula kwa achule, mofanana ndi kutha msinkhu
- Kutayira tsitsi kapena tsitsi lodziwika bwino, makamaka pa akachisi ndi korona wa mutu
- Atrophy ya chiberekero ndi mazira, zimapangitsa kuti asakhale ndi ana
Kusintha kwa makhalidwe kumaphatikizapo:
- Chiwawa
- Kuwonjezeka kwa kugonana
Zotsatira za Estrogen Kwa Amuna
Pamene mwamuna wamoyo amayamba kutenga estrogen , kusintha kumaphatikizapo kuchepetsa kugonana kwa amuna ndi kuwonjezeka kwa makhalidwe a akazi.
Kusintha kwa thupi kumaphatikizapo:
- Kukula kwa ubereki
- Kutaya kwa erection
- Shrinkage ya maselo
- Kuchepetsa acne
- Kuchetsa tsitsi ndi nkhope
- Kuchepetsa minofu ndi mphamvu
- Khungu lofewa komanso lofewa
- Kutsika kwa balding
- Kubwezeretsa mafuta kuchokera m'mimba mpaka m'chiuno, ntchafu, ndi matako
Kusintha kwa makhalidwe kumaphatikizapo:
- Kuchepetsa kugonana pagalimoto
- Chikhalidwe chimasintha
Kodi zotsatira za mankhwala opanga mahomoni zimadziwika liti?
Zotsatira za ubweya wa estrogen ndi masculinizing zotsatira za testosterone zingawoneke pambuyo pa miyeso iwiri yoyamba, ngakhale zingakhale zaka zingapo munthu asanasinthidwe mokwanira. Izi ndi zoona makamaka pa kukula kwa ubere.
Kodi Opaleshoni Yopereka Chithandizo Chogonana Imatenga Nthawi yayitali Bwanji?
Opaleshoni imachedwa kuchepa mpaka patatha chaka chimodzi chiyambireni mankhwala opanga mahomoni komanso osachepera zaka ziwiri chiyambireni kafukufuku wamaganizo. Pomwe opaleshoni ayamba, nthawi yochuluka mpaka yomaliza imasintha malinga ndi chiwerengero cha njira zoyenera, nthawi yopuma, ndi zina.
Opaleshoni Yophatikizapo Kutembenuka Kuchokera Kwa Amuna Kapena Akazi
Kawirikawiri, opaleshoni yokhudza opaleshoni yowonongeka ikugonjetsedwa ndi zomwe zimachitika pamwamba pa lamba (opaleshoni yapamwamba) ndi omwe ali pansi pa lamba (opaleshoni yapansi). Osati aliyense akuchitidwa opaleshoni yonseyi, koma njira zomwe zingaganizidwe zili pansipa.
Opaleshoni yapamwamba imaphatikizapo:
- Kuwonjezeka kwa mimba
- Zojambula zachikazi
- Kuchita opaleshoni ya mphuno: Rhinoplasty ikhoza kuchitidwa kuti pang'onopang'ono mphuno ndi kuyenga nsonga.
- Zisoka: Kukwezera pamaso kungapangidwe kuti uzimitsa mpweya ndi malo a nsidze.
- Kuchita opaleshoni: Chifuwa cha nsagwada chikhoza kumeta kuti chikhale chachikazi.
- Chin kuchepetsa: Chigamba chachikazi nthawi zambiri chimakhala chophweka, kotero chichepere chimachepetsa.
- Cheekbones: Cheekbones ikhoza kuwonjezeka, kawirikawiri kudzera m'jekeseni ya collagen komanso njira zina zopaleshoni zapulasitiki.
- Milomo: Mlomo wokweza ukhoza kuchitidwa.
- Kulengedwa kwa tsitsi la tsitsi lazimayi.
- Kuchotsa tsitsi la amuna
- Kuchepetsa apulo wa Adam
- Kusintha kwa mawu kumveka
Opaleshoni yakuphatikizapo:
- Kuchotsa mbolo (penectomy) ndi scrotum (orchiectomy)
- Kulengedwa kwa mkazi ndi labia (feminzing genitoplasty)
Kodi Pali Opaleshoni Yotani Yophatikizapo Potembenuka Kuchokera Kwa Mkazi Kapena Mwamuna?
Monga momwe zimakhalira pakati pa amuna ndi akazi, kusintha kwa kugonana kumaphatikizapo opaleshoni yapamwamba ndi opaleshoni ya pansi.
Opaleshoni yapamwamba imaphatikizapo:
- Kuchita opaleshoni / kuperewera kwa bere
Opaleshoni yakuphatikizapo:
- Kuchotsa chiberekero ndi mazira
- Kulengedwa kwa mbolo ndi mapuloteni (masculinizing genitoplasty)
Mavuto ndi Zovuta Zotsatira
SRS ilibe zoopsa ndi mavuto. Mankhwala a Estrogen akhala akugwirizanitsidwa ndi chiopsezo chokwanira chokhala ndi magazi ( zozama za mitsempha ya thrombosis ndi mapulaneti ). Palinso ngozi yowonjezera ya khansa ya m'mawere, ndipo ngakhale popanda mahomoni timadziwa kuti abambo amatha kukhalanso ndi khansa ya m'mawere. Testosterone imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwa amuna osiyana ndi odwala omwe akugwirizanitsidwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, insulini kukana, ndi vuto loipa la mankhwala, ngakhale kuti sizikudziwitsanso kuti kusintha kumeneku kumawathandiza bwanji pa matenda a mtima.
Ndi opaleshoni, pali ngozi za opaleshoni monga magazi ndi matenda, komanso zotsatira za anesthesia . Amene akulingalira mankhwalawa ayenera kukambirana momveka bwino ndi dokotala za zoopsa zomwe zimakhudzana ndi mankhwala a hormone komanso opaleshoni.
Kodi Kuchita Opaleshoni Yopereka Chithandizo Chogonana (SRS) Ndichuluka Bwanji?
SRS ikhoza kukhala yotsika mtengo kwambiri kwa anthu ambiri olakwira. Ndalama kuphatikizapo uphungu, mahomoni, electrolysis, ndi ntchito zingathe kufika pa $ 100,000. Ndizovuta kwambiri kuti mutembenuke kuchokera kwa mwamuna kupita kwa akazi kusiyana ndi kuchokera kwa akazi mpaka kwa amuna. Inshuwalansi ya umoyo nthawi zina imaphatikizapo ndalama zina. Phunzirani zambiri za inshuwalansi ndi mauthenga a WPATH ponena za opaleshoni yowonongeka.
Mtundu wa Moyo Pambuyo pa Kugonjetsa Kugonjetsedwa kwa Kugonana
Umoyo wa moyo umaoneka ngati ukutsata pambuyo pochita opaleshoni ya amuna ndi akazi kwa anthu omwe amasintha kuchokera kwa akazi kupita kwa amuna ndi omwe amasintha kuchoka kwa amuna kupita ku akazi. Phunziro lina la 2017 linapeza kuti kukhutira kwa opaleshoni kunachokera ku 94 peresenti mpaka 100 peresenti. Popeza pali masitepe ambiri ndipo nthawi zina opaleshoni yosasangalatsa imakhudzidwa, nambalayi imapereka ubwino wa SRS kwa iwo omwe amamverera kuti ndizo zabwino zawo.
Mfundo Zofunika pa Opaleshoni Yopereka Chithandizo Chogonana
Kuchita opaleshoni yopatsirana pogonana ndi njira yayitali yomwe imayamba ndi uphungu ndi matenda a maganizo kuti adziwe ngati munthu ali ndi matenda a dysphoria. Zitatha izi, mankhwala a hormone ayamba ndi testosterone kwa iwo omwe amasintha kuchokera kwa akazi kupita kwa amuna ndi estrogen kwa omwe amasintha kuchokera kwa amuna kupita kwa akazi. Zina mwa kusintha kwa thupi ndi khalidwe zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala a hormonal ndizolembedwa pamwambapa.
Pambuyo pa mankhwala a mahomoni apitilizidwa kwa chaka chimodzi, njira zingapo za opaleshoni zingaganizidwe. Izi zathyoledwa kukhala "pamwamba" njira ndi "pansi" ndondomeko.
SRS ndi yokwera mtengo, koma kuyerekezera molondola kuli kovuta chifukwa cha mitundu yambiri kuphatikizapo zovuta zovuta ndi chiwerengero ndi kuchuluka kwa opaleshoni osankhidwa. Kupeza dokotala wa opaleshoni yemwe amagwiritsa ntchito SRS yekha ndipo wapanga njira zambirizi ndiphatikizapo.
Kwa omwe amatsatira njira zothandizira, ma ARV, ndi opaleshoni, umoyo wa moyo umakhala wabwino, ndipo anthu ambiri amanena kuti adzalandira SRS kachiwiri.
> Zotsatira:
> American Psychological Association. Transgender People, Gender Identity, ndi Kufotokozera Chiwerewere. http://www.apa.org/topics/lgbt/transgender.aspx
> Colebunders, B., Brondel, S., D'Arpa, S., Hoebeke, P., ndi S. Monstrey. Chotsatira pa Opaleshoni Yopangira Opaleshoni kwa Odwala a Transgender. Zogwiritsira Ntchito Mankhwala Ogonana . 2017. 5 (1): 103-109.
> Streed, C., Harfouch, O., Marvel, F., Blumenthal, R., Martin, S., ndi M. Mukherjee. Matenda a Mtima Pakati pa Transgender Achikulire Amene Amalandira Thandizo la Hormone: Ndemanga Yatsatanetsatane. Annals of Internal Medicine . 2017. 167 (4): 256-267.
> van Grift, T., Elaut, E., Cerwenka, S., Cohen-Kettenis, P., ndi B. Kreukels. Kukwanitsa Opaleshoni, Umoyo Wathu, ndi Chibwenzi Chawo Pambuyo pa Kugonana Kulimbitsa Ukwati: Phunziro Lotsatira. Journal of Sex and Medical Therapy . 2017 May 4. (Epub patsogolo pa kusindikiza).