Kodi mumakhudzidwa ndi chithandizo chaumoyo komanso mumakhudzidwa ndi malo ovomerezeka? Ngati mukufuna ntchito yomwe ikuphatikiza malamulo komanso chithandizo chamankhwala, pali ntchito zingapo zomwe mungasankhe. Ntchito zina zimakhala zolemetsa pazinthu zothandizira zaumoyo ndipo ena akukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi malamulo. Sikuti ntchito zonsezi zimafuna digiri yalamulo.
Achipatala Achidwi
Anamwino odziwa zachipatala ndi anamwino omwe amathandiza kwambiri anthu ozunzidwa kapena opwetekedwa mtima. Iwo ali ndi maphunziro apadera mu sayansi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ozunzidwa monga psychology, kupanikizika, ndi zina kuphatikizapo luso laukhondo lachidziwitso ndi chidziwitso.
Malingana ndi Vida Lock, Mtsogoleri wa sukulu ya anamwino ya University of Cleveland State, "umwino wa ulamulilo umapangitsa kuti pakhale kusiyana pakati pa chithandizo chamankhwala ndi malamulo. Ndiko kugwiritsa ntchito sayansi ndi luso la unamwino ku kafukufuku wamilandu komanso milandu. ozunzidwa ndi ozunza kapena imfa chifukwa cha zochitika zoopsa kapena zolakwa. "
Zotsatira za Pathologist
Katswiri wa zachipatala ndi dokotala yemwe adaphunzira za sayansi ya matenda yomwe imaphatikizapo kusanthula minofu, thupi, ndi maselo kuti apeze matenda ndi ma data. Akatswiri a zachipatala amadziwika bwino pofufuza za matupi a anthu omwe anamwalira kuti adziwe chifukwa cha imfa ndi kusonkhanitsa umboni wa sayansi (zowonongeka) kuti athandize kudziwa yemwe anali ndi mlandu wa imfa ngati zidziwika kuti chifukwa cha imfa inali kudzipha.
Dipatimenti ya zachipatala imayenera, koma osati dipatimenti yosiyana yalamulo, pa ntchitoyi. Ofufuza zachipatala angagwiritse ntchito labata yodziimira, kapena kwa boma la boma ngati woyang'anira odwala kapena woyang'anira zachipatala.
Woyimira Mlandu Woletsedwa Kwachipatala
Ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo amavomereza poyesa milandu yokhudza kulakwitsa, kapena kudandaula kwa dokotala, zomwe zinavulaza moyo wa wodwalayo, kapena, nthawi zina, zinathetsa moyo wa wodwala msanga. Ngati cholakwika chachipatala chikuchitika, wodwala, kapena banja la wodwalayo, amafunafuna kubwezeredwa chifukwa cha kupweteka ndi kuvutika ndi kutaya ntchito, pakati pa zinthu zina zomwe zidachitidwa chifukwa cha kulakwitsa kwa dokotala, kapena "kulakwitsa."
Akuluakulu a zachipatala omwe amalembera ntchito zachipatala ali ndi digiri yalamulo (JD) kuchokera ku sukulu ya malamulo yapamwamba yophunzitsidwa, ndipo ena akhoza kukhala ndi digiri ya master kapena doctorate mu chilango chokhudzana ndi chithandizo chamankhwala koma zomwe sizowona kuti ndizochita ngati woweruza milandu.
Oweruza ena osagwiritsira ntchito ntchito zachipatala angapangidwe makamaka poimira wodwalayo, (wotsutsa), pamene adokotala ena osagwiritsira ntchito ntchito zachipatala angagwiritse ntchito kwambiri pofuna kuteteza madokotala pazinyoza.
Mboni Yophunzira Zamankhwala
Mu milandu ina yomwe imaphatikizapo mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena kuvulazidwa kapena imfa, akatswiri azachipatala angafunikire kubwereketsa luso lawo, ndi kuchitira umboni pa milandu ya chitetezo kapena kutsutsa. Izi zingaphatikize koma sizingatheke kwa akatswiri a maganizo, madokotala, akatswiri a zachipatala, ogwira ntchito zachipatala, ndi zina zambiri.
Aphunzitsi amodzi ayenera kukhala ndi miyambo yoyera komanso zidziwitso zabwino kuphatikizapo akatswiri a zachipatala monga dokotala ndipo makamaka anamaliza sukulu ya zachipatala komanso pulogalamu yophunzitsa anthu. Pazochitika zazikulu, akatswiri azachipatala angapereke madola masauzande ambiri chifukwa cha umboni wawo. Komabe, molingana ndi Giles Sexton, woweruza milandu woweruza milandu ku Dacula, Georgia, gulu lovomerezeka likufufuza mboni za akatswiri omwe si akatswiri a zamalonda. Choncho, kukhala mboni yodziwika si ntchito ya nthawi zonse, koma ikhoza kukhala njira yabwino kwa akatswiri azaumoyo kupeza ndalama zina kumbali.
Correctional Medicine
Anthu omwe ali m'ndende akusowa thandizo lachipatala, nawonso. Ndi kosavuta komanso kosavuta kuti ogwira ntchito zachipatala azitsatira olakwa omwe ali m'ndende kusiyana ndi kusamukira kundende kuchipatala pokhapokha ngati akufunikira thandizo lachangu. Choncho, pali ntchito zambiri zomwe zikupezeka m'ndende, malo ogwidwa, komanso kundende kwa madokotala, madokotala a mano, aamwino olembetsa, ndi anamwino apamwamba .