Mu 2010, Congress idapatsa Healthy, Njala-Free Kids Act kuti atsimikizire kuti mwana aliyense ku US amatha kupeza zakudya zabwino zomwe amafunikira kuti akhale ndi thanzi labwino. Cholinga chinanso cha lamulo: Kuwathandiza kuchepetsa ubwana wautali ku US Kuyika malamulowa, mu January 2012, USDA inakhazikitsira miyambo yatsopano yodyera sukulu , pogwiritsa ntchito Malangizo a Zakudya kwa Amwenye ndi malangizi ochokera ku Institute of Medicine.
(Zisanachitike izi, miyambo yodyera kusukulu siinasinthidwe kuyambira 1995.) Pakalipano, masukulu oposa 90 peresenti amavomereza kuti akukwanitsa kukumana ndi miyambo yatsopano yodyera komanso kutenga nawo mbali ikuwonjezeka m'madera ambiri a dzikoli.
Kukonzanso Chikhomo Chakudya Cha Sukulu
Mwachidule, chakudya chamsukulu chatsopano chimapangidwa kuti chikhale ndi zakudya zamakono komanso zakudya zokwanira zokhudzana ndi ana, pogwiritsa ntchito sayansi yatsopano. Nthawi yopuma kusukulu ndi madyerero apangidwa kuti apereke pafupifupi 25 peresenti ndi 33 peresenti, motero, zosowa za calorie za tsiku ndi tsiku, malinga ndi msinkhu wa ana omwe akutumizidwa. Zina mwa mfundo zazikuluzikulu zatsopano : Ophunzira amaperekedwa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba tsiku lililonse la sabata (pafupifupi kawiri poyerekeza ndi zomwe zinkachitika kale), komanso zakudya zambiri za tirigu, ndi mitundu yochepa chabe ya mkaka wopanda mafuta .
Mogwirizana ndi zakudya zamakono zogwiritsira ntchito zakudya, chakudya chamasukulu chimafuna zakudya zopanda mapuloteni (1-to-2) (monga nyama yowonda, nkhuku, mtedza, mbewu, nyemba, ndi nsomba) pa chakudya. Palinso zofunika kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta odzaza, mafuta odzola, sodium, ndi shuga wowonjezera kumadya kusukulu.
Kusinthanitsa zakudya
Kuwongolera kwakukulu kumaperekedwanso ku lingaliro la " zokometsera zopatsa nzeru " zomwe zimaperekedwa ku sukulu. Kuyambira pa chaka cha 2014 mpaka 15-15, zakudya zonse zomwe zimagulitsidwa kusukulu-la mapaulendo, mu sitolo ya sukulu, kapena makina ogulitsa masana-masana amayenera kukwaniritsa miyezo ya zakudya. Miyezo yatsopano imasunga njira yoti makolo athe kutumiza ana awo ku sukulu ndi chakudya chamadzulo kapena kutumiza zochitika zapadera za maphwando a kubadwa, maholide, ndi zikondwerero zina.
Kupita patsogolo kuli kale. Kuphunzira kwa 2014 kuchokera ku Harvard School of Public Health kunapeza kuti malamulo atsopanowa adayambitsa ana ambiri zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba-kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa 23 peresenti ya zipatso ndi kuwonjezeka kwa ana 16 peresenti kwa masamba. Koma kafukufuku wina apeza kuti chakudya chochuluka chochuluka chikupezekabe pansi pa zatsopano zowonjezera kuti ntchito yowonjezera ikufunika kuchitidwa. Chiyeso chimodzi chomwe chingathandize: Kuwonjezera nthawi ya masana. Kafukufuku wophunzira ophunzira a 7 ndi 9 ku California adapeza kuti nthawi yayitali yomwe adagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi 40 peresenti yawonjezeka kuti ophunzira adye zipatso ndipo 54 zikhoza kuwonjezeka kuti adye masamba kusukulu.
Kuonjezera apo, kuphatikizapo bar saladi ndikuphatikizapo ophunzira muzochita zogwiritsa ntchito chakudya, zinawonjezera mwayi woti adye masamba.
Popeza ana amawononga masiku awo ambiri kusukulu komanso kuti gawo lalikulu la makilogalamu awo amatha kusukulu, ndi bwino kuti masukulu atumize mauthenga abwino omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino kuti ana adye tsiku lililonse . Ngakhale izi ndi zofunika kwa ana onse, ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa ana ochokera kumabanja omwe alibe ndalama zomwe sangakwanitse kuwatumiza kusukulu ndi chakudya chamasana. Pazigawo izi, malamulo atsopano a chakudya cha sukulu ndi sitepe yoyenera.
Zotsatira:
Cohen JF, Richardson S, Parker E, Catalano PJ, Rimm EB. Zotsatira za Sukulu Yatsopano Yopereka Chakudya Chakudya ku United States, Food and Conservation, and Waste. Journal ya American Medical Prevention, April 2014; 46 (4): 388-94.
Zolemba za Gosliner W. School Zogwirizana ndi Zipatso Zowonjezera ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zamasamba Pakati pa Ophunzira ku California Middle and High Schools. Journal of Health School, September 2014; 84 (9): 559-68.
USDA. Tsiku la Sukulu Lathanzi, Zida Zophunzitsa: Kuyang'anitsitsa Zowonjezera Zokwanira.
USDA. Miyezo ya Zakudya Zakudya Zakudya Zakudya Zakudya Zam'mawa; Malamulo Otsiriza .