Posachedwapa, malo otsogolera matenda opatsirana pogonana (CDC) amachititsa kuti Pulogalamu Yanu Yopereka Chidziwitso ikhale yopanga atsikana, a zaka zapakati pa 18-44, podziwa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a khansa ya m'mawere. Ngakhale kuti khansa yambiri ya m'mawere imapezeka mwa amayi oposa 50, CDC imanena kuti 11% mwa khansa zatsopano za m'mawere zimapezeka mwa amayi osakwana zaka 45.
Kodi 11% amawoneka ngati chaka?
Mu 2015, American Cancer Society inanena kuti padzakhala 231,840 matenda atsopano a khansa ya m'mawere, yomwe imapezeka ku US women. Kuphatikiza apo, padzakhalanso mavoti 60,290 atsopano a carcinoma in situ (CIS), omwe sali ovuta komanso oyambirira kwambiri a khansa ya m'mawere yomwe imapezeka mwa amayi. Izi zikanabweretsa chiwerengero cha matenda atsopano a khansa ya m'mawere kufika 292,130. Pogwiritsa ntchito CDC peresenti ya 11%, zikutanthauza kuti mu 2015, atsikana 32,134, omwe ali ndi zaka zoposa 45 adzapeza khansa ya m'mawere.
Khansara ya m'mimba, pa msinkhu uliwonse, ndizoopsa kwambiri komanso zoopsa zowopsa. Kwa atsikana, amakhalanso osintha moyo kwambiri pamene amayi ambiri 18-44 akupitiriza maphunziro, chibwenzi, kukwatira, kulera ana, ndi kukula ntchito.
Chifukwa chakuti atsikana ambiri amalephera kudziwa kuti akhoza kutenga khansa ya m'mawere, iwo samakhala ndi machitidwe oyenerera a chifuwa kapena amayambitsa maimidwe oyambirira.
Chifukwa chake, ma khansa awo a m'mawere amapezeka panthawi ina atapita patsogolo, ndipo ndi ovuta kuchiza. Ambiri samadziwa mbiri ya banja lawo, komanso kufunika kokhala ndi khansa ya m'mawere m'banja.
Ngakhale pali zifukwa zina zoopsa za khansa ya m'mawere yomwe atsikana onse ali nayo, monga kukhala mayi komanso kukhala ndi minofu, pali zifukwa zina zomwe zimapangitsa amayi kukhala osapitirira 45 pachiopsezo chachikulu, kuphatikizapo amayi omwe ali ndi:
- Achibale amapezeka ndi khansa ya m'mawere asanakwanitse zaka 45
- Achibale amapezeka kuti ali ndi khansara ya ovari ali ndi zaka zirizonse
- Wachibale wamwamuna yemwe amapezeka ndi khansara ya m'mawere.
- Yandikirani achibale omwe akusintha ma geneti awo a BRCA1 ndi BRCA2, koma sanayesedwe okha
- A Ashkenazi Jewish cholowa
- Mbiri yakale ya mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito ma radiation kumtima kapena pachifuwa muunyamata kapena ngati wamkulu
- Mbiri ya mavuto a umoyo wa m'mawere
- Mafupa owopsa amatsimikiziridwa pa mammogram
Azimayi omwe ali ndi zifukwa izi zimayenera kuyankhula ndi dokotala wawo ndikuwongolera mbiri yawo ya banja lawo mwatsatanetsatane. Kupereka uphungu ndi kuyezetsa kwa majeremusi a BRCA kusintha kwa thupi kumakhala koyenera kwa amayi omwe mbiri yawo ya banja imasonyeza mitundu ina ya khansa ya m'mawere ndi mazira.
Kukambirana kwa mkazi aliyense ndi dokotala wake kumafuna kukhazikitsa ndondomeko yoyang'anira zowopsa, monga kuyerekezera khansa ya m'mawere. Ngakhale kuti zofufuzira sizilepheretsa khansa ya m'mawere, khansa yomwe imagwidwa mu zofufuzira kawirikawiri imapezeka kumayambiriro koyamba, pamene imakhala yosavuta kuchiza ndikukhala ndi zotsatira zabwino.
Atsikana amachepetsa chiopsezo chopeza khansa ya m'mawere ndi:
- Kusunga kulemera kwathanzi
- Kupeza masewera olimbitsa maola anayi pa sabata
- Kugona mokwanira
- Kuletsa kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa tsiku lililonse
- Pewani kukhala ndi mankhwala opatsirana khansa
- Zonse zotheka kuchepetsa kuchepetsa kuyima kwa dzuwa pamayesero a zamankhwala monga, X-ray, CT scans, ndi PET
- Kambiranani za kuopsa kokatenga, mankhwala a mahomoni kapena mapiritsi oletsa kubereka, ndi dokotala musanayambe kuchita zimenezi.
- Sankhani kuyamwitsa, ngati n'kotheka.
CDC imatsimikizira kuti kukhala ndi ziopsezo za khansa ya m'mawere sizikutanthauza kuti mtsikanayo adzalandira khansara ya m'mawere, komanso sizikutanthauza kuti kukhala ndi chidziwitso chodziwika ndi chitsimikiziro sichidzatsimikizika.