Mitsempha ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda kamene kamakhala kamene kamakhudza mitsempha yamatumbo, imabweretsa masaya opweteka opweteka ndi malungo. Ndifalikira mosavuta koma imatetezedwa ndi katemera. Palibe chithandizo chomwe chilipo kupatulapo kupulumutsidwa kwa zizindikiro, ndipo nthawi zambiri amachiritsidwa mu masabata awiri. Misozi ndi yodetsa nkhaŵa kwambiri mukakhala ndi kachilombo mukatha msinkhu, monga mavuto omwe angaphatikizepo kutaya kumva, kutsekemera, ndi kutsekemera.
Phunzirani momwe mungachepetsere chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi njira zochizira mwana wanu kapena nokha.
Zizindikiro
Anthu ena omwe ali ndi kachilomboka kamene sangakhale ndi zizindikilo . Ngati pali zizindikiro, zimasiyana mofatsa mpaka zovuta. Zizindikirozi zimawoneka patangotha masiku awiri mutatha kutenga kachilombo ndipo zingathe kukhalapo kwa milungu iwiri. Kawirikawiri, zizindikiro zoyamba zimaphatikizapo:
- Fever
- Mutu
- Kutupa, zopweteka zopweteketsa pansi pa makutu kapena mmawa (pafupifupi 30 peresenti mpaka 40 peresenti ya milandu)
- Kumva ululu
- Kupweteka kwa nkhope
Zizindikiro zochepa zomwe zimawoneka koma zovuta komanso zovuta zimaphatikizapo:
- Kutentha kwenikweni kwa chophimba cha ubongo kapena msana wam'mimba (meningitis) yomwe imayambitsa mitu yovuta kwambiri. Pazoopsa kwambiri, ubongo wotchedwa (encephalitis) ukhoza kuchitika.
- Matenda otsekemera ndi opweteka (orchitis), makamaka apitirira msinkhu wa kutha msinkhu. Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri izi zimatsimikiziranso, zimatha kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha umuna, ndipo kawirikawiri, m'zosabereka.
- Kupweteka kwakumvetsera kochepa kumakhala kanthawi kochepa koma kungakhale kosatha
- Kuphatikizidwa kwambiri kwa ziwalo zina monga mtima, ziphuphu, ndi mazira
- Nthawi zambiri, imfa ikhoza kuchitika.
Anthu osadziwika amakhala pachiopsezo chachikulu ngati ali ndi kachilombo kamene atatha msinkhu. Izi zimaphatikizapo orchitis, kutupa kwa mazira, encephalitis, ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka cha kutaya pathupi m'miyezi itatu yoyamba ya mimba.
Zimayambitsa
Kachilombo kamene kamayambitsa mitsempha ndi ofanana ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a chimfine ndipo imafalikira kuchokera kwa munthu ndi munthu kupyolera m'magazi. Mitsempha imafalitsidwa mwa kugwirizana mwachindunji ndi mpeni kapena kutuluka m'mphuno kapena pakamwa pa munthu wodwala matenda. Njira zikuluzikulu za matenda ndizo:
- Kukuda
- Kupopera
- Kupsompsona
- Kugawana magalasi kapena ziwiya
- Kulankhula pafupi
- Kukumana ndi malo oipitsidwa
Katemera ndi chikuku, mumps, rubella, (MMR), katemera wa MMRV (womwe umaphatikizapo varicella), kapena katemera wa minovalent (monovalent) katemera akhoza kuteteza matenda. Katemera akulimbikitsidwa kwa ana a miyezi 12 mpaka 15, ndi mlingo wachiwiri woperekedwa pakati pa zaka zapakati pa 4 mpaka 6. Munthu aliyense wamkulu wobadwa pambuyo pa 1957 ayenera kutenga mapulogalamu a MMR ngati sanachitepo kale. Zimalimbikitsidwa makamaka kwa ogwira ntchito zachipatala ndi anthu omwe angakhale oyendayenda padziko lonse.
Mukadakhala ndi mitsempha, muyenera kukhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira komanso musachigwirenso. Kawirikawiri, chitetezo champhamvu chifukwa cha katemera kapena kukhala ndi mitsempha sichikulirakulira kapena chifukwa cha kudwala chitetezo cha mthupi.
Kudziwa
Dokotala wanu nthawi zambiri amatha kupeza matenda a mitsempha chifukwa cha zizindikiro zanu. Mayeso ovomerezeka angapangidwe, kuphatikizapo buccal swab polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ya machenga ndi kuyezetsa magazi kwa ma antibodies.
Mayesero ojambula angapangidwe ngati akukayikira kuti zimakhala zovuta za m'mimba, monga testicular kutupa kwa akuluakulu.
Chithandizo
Chithandizo cha m'mimba ndi kuchepetsa zizindikiro pamene kachilombo kamatuluka masiku 10 mpaka 12. Palibe mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso antibiotic. Acetaminophen kapena ibuprofen ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchepetsa malungo ndi kuchepetsa ululu. Mafinya ozizira ndi ofunda angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa zilonda zotupa.
Muyenera kumwa zakumwa zambiri kuti mutha kuchepa kwa madzi ndikusintha zakudya zofewa zomwe sizikusowa kutafuna. Pewani zakudya zomwe zimapangitsa kuti salivation, monga zakudya zamakridi ndi zipatso.
Kuwombera madzi ofunda amchere kungathetsere pakhosi. Ngati muli ndi mapulotechete otupa mungathe kuvala wothandizira masewera ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mapulaneti a ayezi kuti achepetse ululu.
Mawu Ochokera
Ngati inu kapena mwana wanu mutenga mimba, mulibe zochuluka zomwe mungachite kupatula kuchotsa zizindikiro. Ngakhale kuti mitsempha idali matenda a ubwana, tsopano akuwoneka mosavuta mu ziphuphu zakumudzi pakati pa ana osasunthika ndi akuluakulu. Muli pachiopsezo chachikulu cha mavuto aakulu mukatha msinkhu wa kutha msinkhu, poyamikira ubwino wa katemera.
> Zotsatira:
> Mumako. Chipatala cha Mayo. Chiwongoladzanja
> Mumps: Kwa Healthcare Providers. Maofesi a Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. https://www.cdc.gov/mumps/hcp.html.
> Papdopol R. Mumps. KidsHealth.org. https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/mumps.html.
> Rubin S, Eckhaus M, Rennick LJ, Bamford CG, Duprex WP. Biology Maselo, Pathogenesis ndi Pathology ya Mumps Virus. J Pathol. 2015 Jan; 235 (2): 242-52. onetsani: 10.1002 / path.4445.