Cholera ikhoza kutulutsa thupi la madzi mwamsanga, choncho chithandizo cham'tsogolo n'chofunika. Njira yoyamba yogwiritsira ntchito matendawa ndi mankhwala othandizira anthu kuti ayambe kumwa mankhwalawa, ngakhale kuti maantibayotiki angaperekedwenso nthawi zina.
Mankhwala othandiza kuchepetsa thupi
Chifukwa cholera chachikulu kwambiri ndi kowera, kutaya madzi m'thupi kumakhala njira yoyamba yotetezera anthu omwe ali ndi zizindikiro.
Mankhwalawa amatha kuchitidwa pakhomo, ngakhale atakhala ovuta kwambiri, kubwezeretsedwa kumalo kungafunikire kuchitika mothandizidwa ndi gulu lachipatala.
Mankhwala Omwe Amatsitsimutsa Mthupi
Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi kolera akhoza kuthana ndi zizindikiro zowonongeka paokha-nthawi zambiri ndi zowonjezera zomwe ali nazo kale.
Zakudya zamadzimadzi ndi mafinya osasunthika amapezeka kawirikawiri m'ma pharmacy, koma mu pinch, njira yowonjezera kutsegula m'mimba (ORS) ikhoza kupangidwa pakhomo pogwiritsa ntchito njira yotsatirayi:
- 1/2 kachilombo kakang'ono ka mchere
- 6 supuni ya supuni ya shuga
- 1 lita imodzi ya madzi
Zambiri za ORS zomwe ziyenera kutengedwa zimadalira kukula ndi msinkhu wa munthu. Mwachitsanzo, ana osapitirira miyezi inayi ayenera kutenga mamililitita 200 mpaka 400 maola anayi oyambirira, pamene akuluakulu amafunika 2200 mpaka 4000 milliliters mu nthawi imeneyo. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti, ngati mupanga ORS kunyumba (kuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito ufa wosasunthika), ndizofunika kwambiri kuti madzi akumwa abwino ndi osakanikirana azigwiritsa ntchito popewera kuipitsa kwina.
Komwe kulibe kwa ORS, madzi omwera akhoza kuthandizira mpaka ORS ikhoza kutengedwa, ndipo ana oyamwitsa ayenera kupitiriza kuyamwitsa ngati angathe.
Mankhwala osokoneza bongo (IV)
Mukakhala ndi madzi ochepa thupi, sangakhale okwanira kuyesa kubwerera kunyumba. Thandizo lachipatala pogwiritsa ntchito madzimadzi a IV lingakhale lofunika kuti athetse mantha kapena imfa-makamaka kwa ana ang'onoang'ono.
Magazi a IV awa ali ofanana ndi ORS poti amatsanso zamadzimadzi m'thupi, komanso ma electrolytes osowa kwambiri, koma chifukwa chakuti amalowetsa mwazi mwazi mwachangu amatha kuthana ndi zotsatira zowonongeka thupi.
Nthawi zina, munthu amapatsidwa ORS nthawi imodzimodziyo ngati kuvomereza kwa IV, kenaka amasinthidwa kuti atenge ORS kamodzi kokha kamodzi kokwanira.
Nthawi
Zambiri komanso nthawi zonse zothandizidwa ndi HIV ndi zowonjezereka zimayenera kusintha chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa madzi komanso ngati kutsekula ndi kusanza kukupitilirabe. Nthawi zonse, kuchuluka kwa madzi akulowamo ayenera kukhala ochulukirapo kuposa kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe zikuchokera m'thupi.
Posakhalitsa atalandira chithandizochi, ambiri adzayamba kuona zizindikiro za kubwezeretsedwa, monga:
- Chakudya chachoka
- Kusamalira kukodza kachiwiri pamtunda wokhazikika, ndipo mkodzo ndi wopepuka komanso wowonekera
- Kuthamanga kwa mtima kumabwerera ku zachizolowezi
- Pamene khungu limapanikizidwa, limangobwerera kumalo ake oyenera
Mitundu yonse ya mankhwala ochepetsera thupi amatha kuchepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha kufa chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa madzi kwa kolera. Akagwiritsidwa ntchito mofulumira komanso moyenera, akhoza kuchepetsa kufala kwapang'ono kuposa 1 peresenti ya milandu.
Maantibayotiki
Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi kolera (pafupifupi 80 peresenti) amatha kupuma pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othandizira kuchepetsa thupi. Pa milandu yowawa kwambiri, komabe, mankhwala opha tizilombo angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchepetsa nthawi imene munthu akudwala, komanso momwe adayankhira nthawi yayitali mabakiteriya.
Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito powonjezera njira zowonongedwanso-osati m'malo mwa iwo. Maantibayotiki okha sali okwanira kuti munthu asaphedwe ndi kolera, ngakhale atha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa madzi otsekula m'madzi omwe munthu amafunikira.
Pakalipano, doxycycline ndi mankhwala oyamba omwe amatha kusankha cholera, koma ena-monga tetracycline, azithromycin, erythromycin, ndi ena-awonetseranso kuti ndi amodzi mwa mankhwala othandiza kwambiri ndipo angakonzedwe kwa anthu apadera.
Chifukwa chimodzi chomwe mankhwalawa sagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi chifukwa cha kukula kwa mankhwala osakanizidwa a kolera omwe sagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi tetracycline, pakati pa mankhwala ena oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Zikuwoneka kuti kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mankhwalawa kumabweretsa mabakiteriya kuti azitsatira, kupereka mankhwala osapindulitsa. Chotsatira chake, madokotala amalimbikitsidwa kuti azipereka mankhwala okhawo omwe amayamba kulandira madzi amadzi.
Chifukwa china chomwe mankhwalawa sagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse ndi chakuti zotsatira zina zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi zotsitsimula ndi kusanza, kuwonjezera zizindikiro zosasangalatsa komanso zina zoopsa zomwe zimapezeka kale m'matenda a kolera .
Zinc
Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti zInc zowonjezerapo zoperekedwa kwa ana ndi kolera zingachepetse nthawi yomwe mwana ali ndi kutsekula m'mimba ndikupangitsa kuti asawonongeke. Pogwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi ndi mankhwala ochizira mavitamini ndi kupuma kwa madzi, kupereka 10 mpaka 20mg ya zinc tsiku lililonse kumawoneka kuyimitsa kutsekula m'mimba maola 8 m'mbuyomo ndipo ndi 10 peresenti yocheperapo kusiyana ndi nthawi imene chowonjezeracho sichinaperekedwe.
Kafukufukuyu akugwirizana ndi maphunziro omwe amasonyeza zotsatira zofanana ndi matenda ena otsekula m'mimba, osati kolera.
> Zotsatira:
> Zolinga za Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. Cholera - Vibrio cholerae: Matenda a antibiotic.
> Zolinga za Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. Cholera - Vibrio cholerae matenda: Kutsekula m'madzi.