Zaka 9,500 zapezeka ku US tsiku lililonse
Khansara ya khungu imatchedwa kukula kosalamulirika kwa maselo osasintha, osinthika, omwe angayambitse kupanga ndi kukula kwa zotupa pa khungu. Imeneyi ndi njira yowopsa kwambiri ya khansa ku US lero, yomwe imakhudza mmodzi mwa anthu asanu aliwonse a ku America.
Ngakhale kansa ya khungu idaonedwa ngati "yopanda malire" kusiyana ndi mitundu ina ya khansa, ikhoza kukhala yakupha.
Pafupifupi anthu 9,500 amapezeka ndi khansa yapakhungu ku US tsiku lililonse. Pa khansa yoopsa kwambiri, pafupifupi anthu 9,000 amafa chaka chilichonse chifukwa cha matendawa.
Mitundu ya Khansara ya Khungu
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya khansara ya khungu, aliyense ali ndi zizindikiro zosiyana siyana:
- Actinic keratosis ndi chikopa cha khungu chomwe chimayambira ngati chigoba chofiira kapena pinki pa malo a khungu amene nthawi zambiri amapezeka dzuwa. Imodzi mwa mitundu yofala kwambiri ya khansa isanayambe, actinic keratosis ikhoza kumverera bwino pamene mutambasula dzanja lanu ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosavuta kumva kusiyana ndi kuwona.
- Basal cell carcinoma ndiyo njira yowopsa kwambiri ya khansara ya khungu, yopanga 80 peresenti ya milandu yonse. Ndi khansara yofulumira yomwe imapezeka pamutu ndi pamutu. Kawirikawiri amawonekera ngati wofiira kapena wofiirira waxy bump ndipo safalitsa (metastasizes) kupitirira khungu.
- Squamous cell carcinoma ndi imodzi mwa khansa yapakhungu yoopsa kwambiri. Khungu lomwe limakhudzidwa kawirikawiri limawoneka lofiira, lolimba, ndi lokha. Kawirikawiri amapezeka m'manja, milomo, makutu, ndi ziwalo zina za thupi zomwe zisanazitetezedwe ndiwotchi.
- Matenda a khansa ya khansa ndi khansa yapakhungu yoopsa kwambiri, yomwe imayambitsa 75 peresenti ya imfa zonse zokhudzana ndi khansa ya khungu. Mankhwala a melanoma amawoneka ngati mole kapena chotupa ndi malire osayenerera , mawonekedwe osakanikirana, ndi mtundu wakuda kapena wamoto.
Kuzindikira Kachiza Kakhungu
Ngakhale pali mitundu yambiri ya khansara ya khungu, imakhala ndi zifukwa zambiri zofanana komanso zoopsa.
Mwa iwo:
- Khungu loyera kapena loyera limapangitsa munthu kukhala pachiopsezo chifukwa cha kusowa kwa khansa yoteteza mtundu wa khansa. Ngakhale anthu omwe ali ndi khungu lakuda angathe kutenga khansara, omwe ali ndi khungu lotupa amayamba kulipeza kawirikawiri. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka pa ziphuphu zamtundu wabwino.
- Kutentha kwa dzuwa ndi chinthu chimodzi chimene chimapangitsa munthu kukhala pangozi yaikulu. Kuwopsa kwambiri kwa mazira a dzuwa ndiko chifukwa chachikulu cha mitundu yambiri ya khansa ya khungu, yomwe nthawi zambiri imagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusowa kwa kutetezedwa kwa dzuwa ndi dzuwa lomwe lawonongeka chifukwa cha unyamata komanso msinkhu wokalamba.
- Mbiri ya banja ndi majini amathandiza kwambiri pakuzindikira yemwe angapezeke kapena akhoza kutenga khansa ya khungu. Zonsezi ndi zifukwa zomwe sitingathe kuzilamulira koma zomwe zingatipangitse kuzindikira njira zothetsera chiopsezo chaumwini.
Kupewa Khansa Yapakhungu
Pofuna kupeĊµa kutenga khansa ya pakhungu, nthawi zonse chitani zinthu mwanzeru ndikulepheretsa kutuluka kwa dzuwa, makamaka ngati kuli kolimba kwambiri, kawirikawiri pakati pa maola 10 ndi 4pm Kuwonjezera apo:
- Sankhani khungu la dzuwa ndi dzuwa loteteza (SPF) la osachepera 15.
- Gwiritsani ntchito zowunikira tsiku lililonse mosasamala kanthu za nyengo. Pempherani maola awiri alionse ngati muli panja kapena nthawi iliyonse mukakhala ndi chonyowa kapena thukuta. Yang'anani tsiku lomaliza.
- Phimbani mikono ndi miyendo yanu nthawi iliyonse, ngati ndi mathalauza ndi manja aatali. Valani chipewa ndi magalasi (makamaka ndi kuteteza kwa UV) kuti muteteze mutu wanu, khosi, ndi maso.
- Ngati mukuyenera kukhala kunja kwa dzuwa, khalani mumthunzi kapena pansi pa ambulera momwe mungathere.
Pakhomo, muyeneranso kudziwonetsera nokha kuti muyang'ane zizindikiro kapena zachilendo zomwe zingakhalepo pakhungu lanu.
Ngakhale khansara ya khungu imatha kuchiritsidwa kwambiri, makamaka ikagwedezeka kumayambiriro koyamba, kuyang'ana kumakhala kofunika. Poona zizindikiro za khansara kumayambiriro, mumakhala mwayi wabwino kwambiri woti mutha kuchiritsidwa bwino.
Kuchokera
- > National Cancer Institute. "Zimene Mukuyenera Kudziwa Zokhudza Melanoma ndi Matenda Ena a Khansa Yapakhungu ." Cancer.gov. October 2010; Rockville, Maryland; NIH Publication 10-7625.