Zambiri za IQ Ziyesero Zopanda Ana kwa Autism
Nthaŵi zambiri, akatswiri a maganizo a ana ndi akatswiri ena amadalira mayeso omwewo kuti ayese nzeru za ana onse. Malinga ndi zotsatira zochokera ku mayesero amenewa, ana ambiri omwe ali ndi autism ayesedwa ngati ali ndi nzeru zakuya.
Zotsatira zam'tsogolo (ndi mayesero atsopano), komabe, zimasonyeza kuti mayesero omwe amadziwika, omwe amachokera kuzinthu zochokera kwa ana, si oyenera kwa ana okhala ndi autism.
Zotsatira zake, nthawi zambiri, ana autistic amalandira mayeso osayenera a IQ omwe angaperekedwe molakwika.
Kodi IQ iyenera kuyesedwa bwanji kwa ana ndi Autism?
Mayesero amtundu wa IQ amamangidwa ponseponse poganiza kuti odwala-omwe amayesa kuyesa amatha kumvetsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chinenero choyankhulidwa pa msinkhu woyenera wa zaka. Ana omwe ali ndi autism, komabe, samakhala ndi luso loyankhulana moyenerera. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zimayambira pangozi. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, ana okhala ndi autism akhoza kuchitapo kanthu mwatsopano ndi mayesero osadziwika. Ngakhale matupi omwe akufunsidwa kuyesa (kawirikawiri chipinda chokhala ndi magetsi owala otentha) chingapangitse zovuta.
Malingana ndi James Coplan, MD, katswiri wa ana wophunzira ndi katswiri wofufuza za autism, mayesero a nzeru kwa ana omwe ali ndi autism ayenera kuperekedwa ndi "munthu amene ali ndi ufulu ndi kugwira ntchito ndi ana omwe ali pamapu.
Amene amamvetsa zomwe zimapangitsa mwanayo kuti ayambe kumuyika. Malipoti ena amawoneka ngati atalembedwa pa kompyuta disk. "
Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti kafukufuku wina akuwonetsanso kuti ana omwe ali ndi autism sakhala okhudzidwa kuti atenge kapena kuchita bwino pa yeseso ya IQ chifukwa sali okhudzidwa ndi kapena kudziwa za chiweruzo cha ena ndi ziyembekezo zawo.
Kupereka zowonjezera zosagwirizana ndi anthu , monga mphoto zochepa zogonjera, zingapange kusiyana kwakukulu pa zotsatira za kuyesedwa.
Kodi Amalonda Amayesa Nzeru Zopanda Phindu?
Popeza ana aang'ono autistic nthawi zambiri sakhala amodzi kapena ali ndi processing processing chinenero ndi kuyankha mawu, Dr. Coplan amalemba kuti mayankho sangakhale abwino muyezo wa IQ, kapenanso mphamvu mwana kuti athetse mgwirizano pakati pawo, zolinga zoyenera kapena motor motor. Ndipotu, iye akuti, "Nzeru zopanda nzeru ndizo chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimakhudza zotsatira."
Kodi mumayesa bwanji nzeru zopanda nzeru? Dr. Coplan akulangiza mayesero ozama a Zomwe sizowona (TONI), kunena kuti ana omwe sachita bwino pamayesero odziwika bwino angathe kuchita bwino pa TONI. Chiyesochi chimayang'ana molunjika pa zomwe ana amadziwa kuposa mayesero ena - osati momwe ana angagwiritsire ntchito chinenero kuti adziwe zomwe amadziwa. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, mayeserowa amaperekedwa mosalekeza. Zonsezi, mayesero amachigawo anayi a nzeru:
- Kukhala kosatha (kumvetsa kuti chinthu chiripobe, ngakhale chikapanda kuwonedwa)
- Ntchito yamagwiritsidwe
- Chifukwa ndi zotsatira
- Kuthetsa mavuto
- Maluso othandiza
Pa chaka chimodzi, mwana ayenera kuwonetsa kuti amadziwa chinthu chomwe chiripo, ngakhale pamene sichikuoneka.
Masewera, monga peek-a-boo, amakhala othandiza pa mfundoyi.
Pakati pa miyezi 12 mpaka 14, Dr. Coplan, mwana ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu monga zida, kuthetsa mavuto osavuta komanso kusonyeza chidwi ndi zomwe zimayambitsa. Ana ovomerezeka, komabe, angathe kuchita zinthu zonsezi mopanda malire. Mwachitsanzo, Coplan imalongosola kholo lina kuti, "Mwana wanga amagwiritsa ntchito manja anga ngati kuti anali opaleshoni." Pofika zaka 2, ana ayenera kuphatikiza zinthu zosiyana kuti awone zomwe akuchita. Kudula ndi kutaya ndi zizindikiro za chitukuko ichi. Dr. Coplan anati: "Ana ambiri amatha kugwiritsa ntchito chinenero, koma amatha kusintha maluso (kukanika, kuvala zovala, ndi zina zotero.) Ndizo zonse zomwe simungathe kuthetsa mavuto omwe mumapeza pamwezi 36."
Kuyesedwa kwina kwa nzeru kumaphatikizapo mbali zochepa za nzeru koma zingakhalenso zothandiza. Matenda a Raven ndi mayesero ofanana, omwe amachititsa kuti mwana athe kumvetsetsa malo omwe akuyimira. Mayesero a Bender Gestalt amaphatikizapo kujambula zithunzi (ndi kufunikira thupi). Malingana ndi mwanayo, mayesero awa ndi ena omwe angakhale othandizira angakhale othandiza pakukonzekera njira yabwino yothandizira.
> Zotsatira:
> Kufunsa > ndi Dr. James Coplan, > May > 2008.
> Charman, T. et al. IQ mwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda a autism: data kuchokera ku Zopereka Zapadera ndi Autism Project (SNAP). Psychol Med. 2011 Mar; 41 (3): 619-27. onetsani: 10.1017 / S0033291710000991.
> Sarris, Marina. Kuyeza nzeru mu autism. Interactive Autism Network ku Kennedy Krieger Institute, October 2015.