Kusinthasintha kwachizolowezi kumadalira kukanika kwa mgwirizano wa minofu imodzi ndi kupuma kwa wina. Mwachitsanzo, biceps yanu imasintha dzanja lanu ndipo triceps yanu imawonjezera. Ngati ma triceps anu ndi biceps akugwirizanitsa panthawi imodzimodzi, nthawi ya mkono koma osasuntha. Ndipotu, ngati mgwirizano wa minofuwo panthawi imodzimodzi ndi mwadzidzidzi, gawo la thupi likhoza kupotozedwa kuti likhale losaoneka bwino.
Izi ndi zomwe zimachitika ku dystonia.
Dystonia ingakhudze mbali iliyonse ya thupi, kuphatikizapo mikono, miyendo, thunthu, khosi, maso kapena nkhope. Imodzi mwa mitundu yodziwika bwino ya dystonia ndi yolemba, yomwe imakhudza dzanja polemba. Ichi ndi chitsanzo cha dystonia, koma dystonia ikhozanso kuchitika nthawi iliyonse. Ikhoza kukhala yapakatikati, yolimbikitsidwa, yachibadwa, kapena yodabwitsa. Mofanana ndi mavuto ambiri a ubongo, dystonia imaipitsidwa ndi nkhawa kapena kutopa.
Pofuna kuthandizira dystonia, zimathandiza kugawa vutoli. Pali njira zingapo zosankhira dystonia, kuphatikizapo zaka zoyamba, kufalitsa thupi, chifukwa cha dystonia, ndi majini.
Mibadwo Yowonjezera
Pamene munthu wosapitirira zaka 26 akudwala dystonia, izi zimaonedwa kuti ndizoyambika msanga. Ngakhale sitikudziwa chifukwa chake, dystonia yoyamba imayambitsa kuyamba miyendo kuposa mikono. Kawirikawiri, chifukwa chake ndi majini.
Zaka zoposa 26, dystonia ndi yowonjezeka m'khosi ndi manja kuposa miyendo.
M'malo mokhala ndi majeremusi pachifukwa, dystonia kwa anthu achikulire nthawi zambiri amayamba kugwirizana kapena chifukwa cha zinthu zina, ngakhale kuti dystonia ya zifukwa zosadziwika imakali kawirikawiri.
Mwachitsanzo, chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a dystonia ndi zomwe zimagwira ntchito ngati mankhwala monga Reglan , omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuthana ndi vuto la m'mimba.
Matenda ena ambiri a mitsempha yamkati imakhala yowonjezereka pamene timakalamba, ndipo timatha kukhala ndi dystonia. Zitsanzo ndi matenda a Parkinson , kuvulala kwa ubongo, kapena kupwetekedwa mtima .
Kugawidwa kwa Bodily
Dystonia ingathenso kutchulidwa ndi kugawa kwa thupi. Mwina chofala kwambiri chimakhala dystonia, kutanthauza kuti gawo limodzi lokha la thupi limakhudzidwa, monga momwe mlembi amachitira.
Akatswiri odwala matenda a m'magulu ali ndi mayina apadera a mitundu yambiri ya dystonia. Mwachitsanzo, dystonia yopotoka ya khosi imatchedwa torticollis, ndipo dystonia ya maso ake amatchedwa blepharospasm.
Mu gawo limodzi la dystonia, ziwalo ziwiri za thupi zimagwirizanirana zimakhudzidwa, ndipo mu multifocal dystonia, zigawo ziwiri zosiyana za thupi zimadabwa.
Mu hemidystonia, theka la thupi limakhudzidwa. Potsirizira pake, mu dystonia, maulendo onse awiri ndi gawo limodzi la thupi ndi dystonic. Izi zikhoza kuimira matenda aakulu a chibadwa, kapena ngati zimachitika mwakamodzi, zikhoza kukhala zotsatira za mankhwala.
Zifukwa za Dystonia
Mu dystonia yoyamba, palibe chodziwika bwino chovulaza kapena matenda. Dystonia ikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha kusintha kwa chibadwa, monga mu DYT1 idiopathic torsion dystonia, kapena mwina chifukwa cha zifukwa zina zosadziwika.
Pali mitundu yambiri yobadwa ya dystonia.
Chofala kwambiri ndi DYT1, chomwe chimayamba m'manja ndi mwendo pafupi ndi zaka 13. Masabata makumi asanu ndi awiri mphambu asanu ndi awiri a nthawi, amapita ku dysstonia kapena multifocal. Mitundu ina ya majeremusi ya dystonia ndi yochepa, kuphatikizapo matenda a Lubag, matenda a Segawa ndi zina zambiri. Mtundu uliwonse wa dystonia uli ndi makhalidwe osiyana. Mwachitsanzo, matenda a Lubag amakhudza amuna kwambiri. Dystonia ya Segawa matenda ali ndi zizindikiro zomwe zimaipitsa usiku ndipo zimayankha bwino mankhwala a levodopa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza matenda a Parkinson.
Mu dystonia yachiwiri, dystonia imayambitsidwa ndi mtundu wina wa zamanjenje, monga kuvulazidwa kwa stroke, kapena mankhwala okhudza mankhwala .
Matenda opatsirana, monga matenda a Parkinson, matenda a Wilson, matenda a Huntington, ndi matenda ena a mitochondrial angapangitsenso dystonia.
Nthawi zina, palibe chifukwa cha dystonia. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti dystonia sichikhoza kuchiritsidwa, komabe. Mankhwala opatsirana , mankhwala ndi pakamwa, komanso ngakhale opaleshoni monga momwe ubongo umakhudzira zingakhale zothandiza. Nthawi zambiri dystonia imayamba chifukwa cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo, Benadryl wamba angathe kuthetsa vutoli. Ndili ndi njira zambiri zothandizira kuchipatala, nkofunika kuti anthu omwe ali ndi dystonia awone dotolo kuti awathandize.
Zotsatira:
Breakefield XO, Magazi AJ, Li Y, Hallett M, Hanson PI, Standaert DG. Pathophysiological maziko a dystonias.Nat Rev Neurosci. 2008 Mar 9 (3): 222-34.
Mpweya W, Eidelberg D. Zopanda thupi-zimagwirizanitsa mgwirizano mu dystonia. Neuroscience. 2009 Nov 24; 164 (1): 220-9. Epub 2009 Jan 1.
Fuchs T, Ozelius LJ. Mankhwala a dystonia. Semin Neurol. 2011 Nov; 31 (5): 441-8. Epub 2012 Jan 21.
Ozelius LJ, Bressman SB. Zachibadwa ndi zam'chipatala zimayambira pachiyambi cha torsion dystonia. Neurobiol Dis. 2011 May; 42 (2): 127-35. Epub 2010 Dec 17.