Chikhalidwe chachipatala (ndi pop-culture) cha armadillos
Chakumapeto kwa July 2015, Lady Gaga adachepera pafupifupi $ 300,000 pa mabatolo atatu a mabotolo a armadillo ndi wolemba mafashoni Alexander McQueen. (Pa zana zana, mabotolowa amachititsa Louboutins kuwoneka ngati kuba.) Zikuoneka kuti Gaga anali wokondwa ndi kugula kwake - zomwe zinapindulitsa UNICEF - ndipo zikuyimira nsapato zomwe zimawoneka ngati armadillos. Ngakhale kuti amaoneka, mabotolowo sali opangidwa ndi armadillos.
Mwachiwonekere, iwo amamangidwa kuchokera ku chikopa cha python ndi nkhuni. Poyamba, mabotolowo anali otsika mtengo pa $ 10,000.
Kugula kwa Lady Gaga kunandichititsa kuganiza za armadillos ndi zofunikira zachipatala. Makamaka, armadillos ndi mitundu yokhayo kupatulapo anthu omwe ali ndi matabwa a Myobacterium leprae , mabakiteriya omwe amachititsa khate kapena matenda a Hansen .
Armadillos ndi nyama zomwe zimapezeka ku South America, Central America, ndi Southeastern United States. Armadillos ali pafupi kukula kwa amphaka, ndipo mwamasinthidwe, ali ofanana ndi sloths ndi malo odyera. Armadillos amakhala ndi miyendo yaying'ono, amawombera ndipo amaikidwa mu chipolopolo cholimba kapena carapace.
Pafupifupi zaka 40 zapitazo, ofufuza awiri otchedwa Kircheimer ndi Storrs anapeza kuti armadillos asanu ndi anayi, omwe amapezeka ku United States, akhoza kukhala ndi matenda a khate ndipo amapanga zitsanzo zabwino kwambiri zofufuza za khate.
Armadillos amapanga zitsanzo zabwino zofufuza za khate pa zifukwa zingapo.
Choyamba, iwo ndi aakulu ndipo amakhala ndi moyo wautali. Chachiwiri, kutentha kwa thupi lawo kumakhala kochepa, ndipo Myobacterium leprae imadziwika bwino chifukwa cha kuzizira kozizira komwe kumamvetsa chifukwa chake khate limakhudza zala zala ndi zala. (Zala zanu ndi zala zanu zili zozizira kuposa chifuwa chanu.) Chachitatu, monga anthu, Myobcaterium leprae ikhoza kuwononga maselo a mitsempha mu armadillos ndipo motero amachititsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu ndi kuwonongeka kwa magalimoto.
Ku United States, pafupifupi matenda 100 a khate amapezeka chaka chilichonse - makamaka ku South, California ndi Hawaii. Kaya zina mwazifukwazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi armadillos ndi zomveka; Komabe, matenda a khate aposachedwa ku Florida, kumene armadillos amakhala, ali ndi anthu ena okhudzidwa. Ndipotu, akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti mpaka 64 peresenti ya ma khate atsopano ku United States amayamba chifukwa chokhala ndi armadillos. Kotero, mwina ndibwino kuti musapite ku armadillos.
Khate sali lopatsirana kwambiri, ndipo limatenga nthawi yaitali kuti likhale ndi matenda - kulikonse kuyambira zaka 2 mpaka 10. Ana omwe amawonekera kwa nthawi yaitali kwa achibale awo omwe amatsitsa kwambiri bacilli ndi omwe amapezedwa kwambiri. Zindikirani, khate likufalikira kupyolera mumsana. Matendawa amapezeka ndi khungu lamatenda ndi khungu.
Nazi zizindikiro zina za khate:
- zilonda zakhungu kapena zilonda zomwe zimakhala zowala kwambiri kusiyana ndi khungu;
- kusowa manja mmanja, mapazi, miyendo ndi manja;
- minofu yofooka.
Chifukwa khate limasokoneza mitsempha, zilonda za khungu zimakhala zosavuta kukhudza, kupweteka, ndi kutentha. Komanso, zilonda za khungu sizimachiritsa.
Khate limabwera m'njira ziwiri: tuberculoid ndi lepromatous . Kuzindikira mtundu uliwonse wa khate kumayambira kuyezetsa khungu la Lepromin.
Ngakhale kuti mitundu yonse iwiri imayambitsa zilonda, khate la lepromatous limagwirizanitsa ndi matenda enaake. Mwachindunji, anthu okhala ndi khate la lepromatous akhoza kupweteka kwambiri ndi kuwonongeka kwa minofu ndi kuperewera kwa magazi (kutaya manja ndi mapazi).
Chinthu chofunika kwambiri chochiritsira khate chimaphatikizapo kuchipatala msanga. Ndi mankhwala oyambirira, kuuma ndi kufala kwa matenda ndi kochepa, ndipo munthu yemwe ali ndi matendawa akhoza kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi.
Ngakhale kuti mitundu ina yatsopano ya Myobacterium leprae imakhala yosagwiritsidwa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, omwe amachititsa kuti anthu omwe ali m'mayiko omwe akutukuka ali ndi chiopsezo, anthu ambiri amatha kuchiritsidwa mosavuta.
Kuwonjezera pamenepo, anthu omwe amachiza maantibayotiki a nthawi yaitali sangathe kulandira ena.
Nazi mankhwala ena omwe amachiza khate:
- dapsone (mankhwala oyambirira)
- rifampin
- clofazimine
- clarithomycin
- minocyclin
- fluoroquinolones
Kawirikawiri, kuphatikiza mankhwalawa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira khate, ndipo munthu wakhate amafunikira chithandizo cha zaka zingapo. Dziwani kuti kutupa komwe kumabwera ndi khate kumayambitsidwa ndi aspirin, steroids, ndi thalidomide.
Dziwani kuti, mwayi woti mukhale ndi khate - ngakhale mutakumana ndi ermadillo - ndi otsika. Komanso, tili okondwa kuti sitingathe kupatula anthu akhate omwe ali ndi khate. Komabe, ngati mutakhala ndi zizindikiro zosonyeza khate, funsani dokotala mwamsanga.
Zosankha Zosankhidwa
Mutu wotchedwa "The armadillo monga chinyama ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito Mkubacterium leprae" ndi G Balamayooran ndi olemba anzawo omwe amafalitsidwa mu Zipatala za Dermatology mu 2015. Kupezeka pa 7/29/2015.
Brooks GF, Carroll KC, Butel JS, Morse SA, Mietzner TA. Mutu 23. Mycobacteria. Mu: Brooks GF, Carroll KC, Butel JS, Morse SA, Mietzner TA. eds. Jawetz, Melnick, ndi Medical Microbiology ya Adelberg, 26e . New York, NY: Hill ya McGraw; 2013. Inapezeka pa July 29, 2015.