Chifukwa Chakudya Chikhoza Kukhala Chizindikiro Chofunika cha Kusaleka kwa Mtima
Anthu ambiri amasonkhanitsa kutsokomola ndi vuto la mapapo kapena mpweya, osati ndi mtima. Koma, si zachilendo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mtima wosalimba kuti akhudzidwe kwambiri. Ndipotu, chifuwachi chingakhale chizindikiro chofunika kwambiri kuti mankhwala osokoneza mtima amalephera-kapena ngakhale mankhwalawo angayambitse mavuto.
Kulephera kwa Mtima
Ngakhale zimveka zomveka komanso zovuta-monga mphamvu yolephera- "mtima kulephera" sizikutanthauza kuti mtima umangoima, ndiko kumangidwa kwa mtima .
M'malo mwake, kuperewera kwa mtima kumangotanthauza kuti mphamvu ya kupopera mtima imakhala yovuta kwambiri moti mtima sungathe kuchita zonse zomwe thupi likufuna.
Kulephera kwa mtima kumabwera chifukwa cha matenda osiyanasiyana a mtima, kuphatikizapo matenda odwala matenda a umphawi (CAD) , kuthamanga kwa magazi , hypertrophic cardiomyopathy , matenda osokoneza bongo , ndi matenda a mtima, pakati pa ena ambiri. Anthu oposa miliyoni miliyoni chaka chilichonse ali m'chipatala ndi mtima wosalimba.
Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima amatha kufooka, kutopa, kulephera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, dyspnea osasinthasintha (kupuma pang'ono) pochita masewera kapena atagona (chizindikiro chimatchedwa orthopnea ), edema (kutupa) m'matumbo, ndipo nthawi zina amakhudzidwa.
Vuto limodzi lodziwika ndi vuto la mtima ndiloti, chifukwa cha mphamvu yapamwamba ya kupopera mtima, magazi kubwerera m'mtima kuchokera m'mapapu amayamba kubwerera, kutulutsa kusokonezeka kwa mpweya. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima nthawi zambiri amati "amakhala ndi mtima wotsutsana ."
Ndi mpweya wothandizira, madzimadzi (komanso ngakhale magazi pang'ono) akhoza kulowa mu alveoli (air bags) m'mapapu. Mapapu amadzimadzi ndi omwe amachititsa kuti dyspnea izidziwike ndi anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima. Chifukwa chifuwa ndi njira ya thupi yakuyeretsera maulendo apansi ndi ophwanya, n'zomveka kuti chifuwa chimatha chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa mpweya.
Cough Cough
Kugwedeza zomwe zimayambitsa vuto la mtima zingatenge mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Chifuwa chofewa chomwe chimapanga mphukira yowopsya yomwe imatha kupangidwa pinki ndi magazi ndi yowonongeka ndi mtima wosalimba. Kuthamanga kwakukulu ndi kupuma kupuma kungathenso kumatulutsa chifuwa, kuphatikizapo kumverera kofuula mu chifuwa kapena kulira kwa malipoti kuchokera m'mapapu.
Zizindikiro zodabwitsa za chifuwa monga izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala chizindikiro chakuti mtima ukulephera kwambiri, ndipo kukhwima kotereku kumaphatikizapo ndi chiwonongeko chachikulu cha zizindikiro za mtima kulephera.
Zizindikirozi mwina zimakhala ndi dyspnea , orthopnea , edema, komanso ngakhale dysspnea yotchedwa paroxysmal usiku (akudzuka kuchokera ku tulo pakati pa usiku, kupuma, ndi kukokera). Anthu omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha chifuwa cha mtima nthawi zambiri amadwala mokwanira kupeza thandizo lachipatala popanda kufulumizitsa.
Chifuwa cha mtima chingatengenso mawonekedwe ochepa kwambiri. Anthu ena omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima adzakhala ndi chifuwa chokhumudwitsa, chochulukirapo, chomwe chimabereka pang'ono kapena kofiira. Ena amene ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu cha chifuwa cha mtima akhoza kulemba ngati chifukwa cha chifukwa china ndipo amalephera kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala.
Ngati amachedwa kucheza dokotala, ndiye kuti zizindikiro za mtima waumphawi zikhoza kukhala zovuta kwambiri.
Kotero, aliyense yemwe wauzidwa kuti ali ndi mtima wolephera sayenera kunyalanyaza chiyambi cha chifuwa, ngakhale iwo akuwona kuti icho chiri chokongola kwambiri.
Chida Chogwirizana ndi Mankhwala
Chodabwitsa, kukhwima ndi zotsatira zowopsya za kalasi ya mankhwala yomwe nthawi zambiri imaperekedwa kuti mtima ulephereke: mavitamini otembenuza angiotensin (ACE) inhibitors . ACE inhibitors ndi othandiza kukhumudwa kwa mtima chifukwa amachepetsa mitsempha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mtima uzipaka magazi.
Komabe, mankhwalawa amabweretsa chifuwa pafupifupi pafupifupi anayi pa anthu omwe amawatenga. Chifuwa chogwirizanitsidwa ndi ACE inhibitors ndi chifuwa chokhumudwitsa, chomwe chimawombera kuti sichimabala.
Ngakhale kuli malipoti omwe amasonyeza kuti kutenga mankhwala osakanikirana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo (NSAIDs) angapangitse chifuwa choyambitsa matenda a ACE, makamaka anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi vutoli, mankhwalawa ayenera kusiya. Kawirikawiri, ACE inhibitor ikhoza kusinthidwa ku blocker ya angiotensin II (ARB) , yomwe ili ndi ubwino wambiri womwewo monga ACE inhibitor, koma yomwe imayambitsa kukopa kawirikawiri.
Mawu Ochokera
Chifuwa cha mtima ndi chizindikiro chofunika kuti mtima ukulephereka. Nthawi zambiri, chizindikiro ichi-komanso kupweteka mtima kwa mtima-kudzayankha kusintha kwa mtima wodwala mankhwala . Pa chifukwa chimenechi, anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima sayenera kunyalanyaza chiyambi cha chifuwa.
> Zotsatira:
> Mtima Wopanda Mtima wa America, Lindenfeld J, Albert NM, et al. HFSA 2010 Mwatsatanetsatane wa Kulephera Kwambiri Kwambiri kwa Mtima. Khadi la J limalephera 2010; 16: e1.
> McMurray JJ, Adamopoulos S, Anker SD, et al. Malangizo a ESC Ofufuza ndi Kuchiza Kulephera kwa Mtima Wosatha ndi Wosatha 2012: Task Force for Discover and Treatment of Heart and Chronic Heart Failure 2012 ya European Society of Cardiology. Yakhazikitsidwa mogwirizana ndi Heart Failure Association (HFA) ya ESC. Mtima; 33: 1787.
> Yambani CW, Jessup M, et al. ACCF / AHA Malangizo Otsogolera Kulephera kwa Mtima: Lipoti la American College of Cardiology Foundation / American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation 2013; 128: e240.