Kuphunzira ndi kovuta kwa ana omwe alibe luso loyanjana
Monga ana, ana sakhala ndi chidziwitso kuti amvetse zomwe akuwona, kumva, kapena kumva. Mofulumira kwambiri, iwo amaphunzira kutembenukira ku liwu lodziwika bwino, ndipo mkati mwa miyezi ingapo, amatha kumwetulira posonyeza kumwetulira, kuzindikira nkhope yokondedwa, ndikuyankha phokoso potembenuza mutu wawo.
Panthawi yomwe ali ndi chaka chimodzi, ana ambiri amadziwa pamene munthu wina akumvetsera chinachake kapena wina.
Ngakhale pamene wamkulu sanena kapena kutsegula chidwi cha mwanayo, mwanayo amawona maso a kholo ndikuwatsatira. Pamene kholo likulongosola kapena kukonda chidwi, mwanayo adzalumikizana mwachangu ndi kholo, mwachitsanzo, chithunzi mu bukhu kapena mbalame ikuuluka pamitengo. Izi ndizogwirizana.
N'chifukwa Chiyani Kugwirizana Kwambiri Kuli Kofunika?
Mwanayo adzawona ndikuyankha nkhope ya kholo ndi:
- Kuzindikira kumene kholo likuyang'ana;
- Kuchita chidwi ndi kumene kholo likuyang'ana;
- Kutsanzira maso a kholo
- Kuzindikira chomwe makolo akuchiwona
- Kuyankhulana ndi kholo momwe amachitira ndi chinthu kapena ntchitoyo
Kawirikawiri kulera ana amatha kuyang'anitsitsa nkhope ya kholo lawo kuti adziwe momwe makolo awo amachitira ndi zomwe akuwona kapena kumva. Nthaŵi zambiri, mwanayo amatsanzira mmene kholo limayankhira. Kotero, ngati mayi akuwona utawaleza wokongola, mwanayo amutsata maso ake, onani utawaleza, mvetserani mwatsatanetsatane amayi, ndipo tsatirani yankholo.
Monga makolo ndi aphunzitsi amaphunzitsa ana ku luso loyankhulana-kupeza mawu, kuwerenga mawu, kuzindikira mawonekedwe ndi mitundu, etc. - amachititsa ana kuganizira zithunzi kapena zinthu poyankhula mawu olondola. Ana amapanga kugwirizana pakati pa chinthu chimene amachiwona, kumva, kulawa, kapena kununkhiza-ndi mawu kapena makalata omwe amalongosola lingaliro limenelo.
Kusamalirana ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri, chotero, pakuyankhulana ndi chilankhulo cha chinenero . Ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri popanga chiyanjano.
Mavuto Ovomerezeka Pogwirizana
Ana omwe ali ndi autism nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mavuto akuluakulu poyamba ndikugwiritsa ntchito limodzi. Iwo sangakhale mwachibadwa kumatsata maso a munthu wina kapena "kumva" dzina lawo lomwe limatchedwa (iwo amamva kwenikweni liwu, koma musagwirizanitse ndi mayitanidwe anu). Mwachibadwa, izi ndizo chifukwa chake ana omwe ali ndi autism amakhala ndi vuto lalikulu polankhulana, kulankhula chinenero, komanso maubwenzi. Zingakhalenso ndi zofunikira kwambiri pa kuphunzira maphunziro.
Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti ana omwe ali ndi autism amasiyana mosiyana ndi ana omwe amatha kukhala nawo, ndipo izi zikutanthauza kuti maluso awo alipo, koma izi sizowonekera. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wina, ana omwe ali ndi autism akhoza kupita "mwatcheru," kutanthauza kuti akumvetsera kapena akuyang'ana popanda kubwera mwakhama kapena kusonyeza chidwi chawo. Angapezenso zovuta kuti asiye kugwira ntchito yofunikila kwa amayi, abambo, kapena mphunzitsi amapeza chidwi.
Kuphunzitsa Yandikirani Ana Ndi Autism
Ngakhale kuti sangabwere mwachibadwa, nthawi zambiri, ana omwe ali ndi autism angathe kuphunzitsidwa mwaluso luso la kugwirizana.
Mwinanso makolo, ana omwe ali ndi autism angaphunzitsidwe momwe angasonyezere chidwi chawo ndi njira zawo zowonjezereka ( posonyeza , kutembenukira kumutu, ndi zina zotero). Chowonadi ndi chakuti nthawi zambiri kulera ana ndi akulu amafunikira kutenga nawo mbali - zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ana ndi akulu omwe ali ndi autism ayenera kuchita kawirikawiri kuti amvetsetse.
Zotsatira:
Charman T. "Chifukwa chiyani mgwirizano uli ndi luso lofunika kwambiri mu Autism?" Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2003 Feb 28; 358 (1430): 315-24.
Gernsbacher, Morton Ann et al. "N'chifukwa Chiyani Kugwirizana Kwambiri Kumayang'ana Atypical mu Autism?" Kutsindika kwa Ana, Volume 2, Nambala 1, masamba 38-45, 2009.