Kumva kutayika ndilochitatu lachilendo lachilendo lomwe limakhudza akuluakulu. Ndiwe wamkulu, mwinamwake udzamva kumva kutaya. Momwe kulimbikitsidwa kumvetsera kumadalira makamaka kuchuluka kwakumva kwanu komwe mukukumana nawo.
Maphunziro a kuchepa kwakumvetsera amachokera ku zotsatira za kuyesedwa kwa audiology. Kumva kwanu kumaonedwa ngati koyenera ngati mumatha kumva phokoso la 15 decibel kapena zosachepera.
Kusiyanitsa kuchepa kwa kumva kumatchulidwa kuti ndikumva phokoso la decibel 16 mpaka 25, kutaya pang'ono kumva ngati kumva decibel 26 mpaka 40, kutaya kwakumvetsera kosavuta kumvekedwa ngati kumva phokoso la decibel 41 mpaka 55, mofanana kwambiri ngati 56 kwa decibel 70, kutayika kwakukulu ngati ma decibel 71 mpaka 90, ndipo kutaya kwakukulu kwakumva kumatchulidwa ngati kungomva phokoso loposa 91 decibels.
Nkhaniyi iyankhula za madigiri osiyana omwe amamva komanso zomwe mungayembekezere malinga ndi kukula kwa kumva kwanu.
Kumvetsera Kumvera Kutaya
Mawu akuti "kumva kuchepa kwachinsinsi" angakhale mwachindunji akusocheretsapo chifukwa amatanthauza kuti vutoli silolepheretsa. Ngakhale zochitika za munthu yemwe akudwala kumva modzichepetsa zimakhala zapadera kwa munthu aliyense, anthu ambiri amakumana ndi vuto lomvetsetsa ngakhale kalankhulidwe kameneka. Mutha kudzipeza kawirikawiri kupempha ena kuti abwereze.
Phokoso lakumbuyo kapena zizindikiro zina zotsutsana zidzasokoneza luso lanu lomvetsa mawu.
Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lokumva pang'ono sangakhale ndi vuto kumva kumva phokoso pamene zina zikumveka zingakhale zovuta. Makamaka ziwoneka zotsatirazi zingakhale zovuta kumva kwa wina yemwe ali ndi vutoli lakumvetsera: / f /, / s /, / th /, and / k /.
Mungapeze kuti muyenera kumvetsera televizioni kapena nyimbo pamwambamwamba kuposa anthu omwe akuzungulirani. Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lokumva pang'ono amatha kumva kutopa kumvetsera. Kumva kutopa ndi chikhalidwe chomwe chimapezeka chifukwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lakumva ayenera kugwira ntchito molimbika kuti amvetse ndikutsatirana.
Zizindikilo za madigiri onse akumva zidzakhala zovuta kwambiri ngati vuto lakumva limakhudza makutu onse awiri osati mbali imodzi. Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi vuto lokumva pang'ono mwa khutu limodzi amatha kulipiritsa bwino.
Ngakhale zovuta izi, ambiri amamvetsetsa mosavuta ndipo amadziwika. Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lakumva kawirikawiri amakhalabe otetezeka, koma kumvetsera kupititsa patsogolo pogwiritsa ntchito zothandizira kumva kumatha kukhalabe ndi moyo wabwino.
Ochita ntchito zomwe zingakhale zothandiza pofufuza ndikuchiza kuchepa kwa kumva pang'ono ndizozikuluzikulu, otolaryngologists (madokotala, khutu, ndi khosi) ndi audiologists .
Kutha Kumvetsera Kwambiri ndi Moderatu
Gawoli likuphatikiza anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lokumva m'magulu a 41 mpaka 70 a decibel. Anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli lakumvetsera nthawi zambiri amavutika kumva kumva phokoso lofewa. Kukambirana kwakukulu kuli pafupi ma decibel 60.
Mudzapeza kuti muyenera kumvetsera televizioni kapena nyimbo pang'onopang'ono kusiyana ndi onse a m'banja lanu kapena abwenzi anu. Mumakhala ovuta kumvetsetsa kalankhulidwe ndipo mwinamwake mukamamvetsera kutopa. Nkhani zokhudzidwazi zikukulitsidwa patsogolo pa phokoso lakumbuyo. Kuchuluka kwakumvetsera kumatha kukhumudwitsa munthu kuti akwanitse kuchita bwino ntchito komanso kugwira bwino ntchito za anthu, ndipo amachititsa kuti azidzipatula komanso ataya nkhawa ngati sakusamalidwa.
Kuchiza kwa mtundu uliwonse wakumvetsera kumadalira chifukwa choyambitsa. Ngati kupweteka kwakumva sikungatheke opaleshoni kapena opaleshoni anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lakumva kwambiri nthawi zambiri amapindula pogwiritsa ntchito zothandizira kumva kapena zipangizo zamakono .
Kumva Kwambiri Kumva Kumva
Kumva kutayika muzinthu zosiyanasiyana kumakhala kofooketsa makamaka popanda chithandizo. Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu lakumva sangathe kumveketsa 70 decibels. Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu lakumva samamva mawu omwe ali m'munsimu okhudza 90 decibels. Kuti ndikupatseni malingaliro abwino a zomwe zikutanthawuza, apa pali ziwomveka zowoneka pamodzi ndi ziwerengero zawo zokhazokha:
- Msewu wodula, choyeretsa chotsuka, kapena ola lalamu ndi pafupifupi 70 decibel.
- Chowomitsa chophimba, kanyumba kosakaniza, kapena pulogalamu ya chakudya ndi pafupifupi 80-90 decibels.
- Sitima yapansi panthaka kapena njinga yamoto ikupita pafupifupi 90 decibels.
Anthu omwe amavutika kwambiri kumva kumva amamva mavuto akamalankhula ndi kulankhulana ndi ena. Maluso ngati chinenero chamanja kapena kuwerenga milomo kungathandize kuthandizira kuyankhulana kwa akuluakulu ndi ana omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu lomvetsera.
Mankhwala othandizira kumveka kapena othandizira kumvetsetsa zingakhale zopindulitsa kwa anthu ena omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu lakumvetsera, makamaka kwa omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu lakumvetsera), koma kwa anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi vutoli lakumvetsera, mankhwala amafunika. Malingana ndi mtundu umene mumamva mutakhala ndi vutoli, zizindikiro zachitsulo ndizo chithandizo chamankhwala kwa anthu ambiri omwe amavutika kwambiri kumva.
Chombo chachitsulo ndi chipangizo chopangidwa ndi opaleshoni chomwe chiri ndi magawo awiri. Pali mbali yapakati ndi gawo lina. Chipangizochi chachipatala chimadutsa gawo lomwe lawonongeka la khutu lanu ndipo chimapangitsa kuti mitsempha ikhale yovuta kwambiri.
Pambuyo poika opaleshoni ya chophimba chokha, pali njira yowonzanso . Panthawi imeneyi muyenera kuphunzira kumvetsera ndi kokakamiza kwanu ndikugwira ntchito ndi katswiri wa zamagetsi, omwe angasinthe nthawi zonse ku chipangizo chanu (chotchedwa mapping). Kugwiritsira ntchito cochlear implant sikuli ngati kugwiritsa ntchito kumva kumva kapena chipangizo chokulitsa mawu, mumayenera kumveketsa phokoso lamtundu watsopano.
Anthu oposa 188,000 adalandira mapiritsi a cochlear. Kupititsa patsogolo kumapangidwira nthawi zonse ku zipangizozi ndipo awonjezera ubwino wa moyo kwa anthu zikwi zambiri omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu lokumva. Komabe, zipangizo zamakono sizinthu aliyense. Ngati mukuganiza kuti mungapindule ndi chophimba chachitsulo, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu.
> Zotsatira:
> Mapiritsi a Cochlear. Kumva Kutayika Association of America. Inapezeka pa November 29, 2017 > http://www.hearingloss.org/content/cochlear-implants
> Degree of Hearing Loss. Webusaiti Yachilankhulo cha American-Language-Hearing Association. https://www.asha.org/public/hearing/Degree-of-Hearing-Loss/
> Kumva Kutaya Chithandizo. Webusaiti Yowona Labwino. Idasinthidwa pa May 10, 2017 https://www.healthyhearing.com/help/hearing-loss/treatment
> Phokoso. Webusaiti Yachilankhulo cha American-Language-Hearing Association. https://www.asha.org/public/hearing/Noise/
> Kodi Ndi Zifukwa Ziti Zomwe Zimagwirizana Ndi Zowona Kumvera Kumwalira? Ondiology Online. Idasinthidwa December 2013. https://www.audiologyonline.com/ask-the-experts/what-some-mison-misconceptions-mild-12268