Scleroderma Si Matenda Osakwatira
Scleroderma ndi chizindikiro cha gulu la matenda omwe ali ovuta ndi kukula kwachilendo kwa minofu yothandizira , minofu yomwe imathandiza khungu ndi ziwalo. Ambiri a rheumatologists amatchula matendawa monga systemic sclerosis komanso kukhudza khungu monga scleroderma. Scleroderma kwenikweni amatanthauza "khungu lolimba," lochokera ku mawu Achigriki mawu a sklerosis (omwe amatanthauza kuuma) ndi derma (kutanthauza khungu).
Scleroderma imaonedwa kuti ndi matenda a chifuwa (zizindikiro zomwe zimadziwika ndi kutupa ndi kupweteka mu minofu, ziwalo, kapena minofu ya fibrous) ndi matenda omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Mitundu ina ya scleroderma imakhala yochepa kwambiri yomwe imachititsa khungu kukhala lolimba komanso lolimba. Mitundu ina ndi yovuta kwambiri, yokhudzana ndi mitsempha ya magazi ndi ziwalo za thupi monga mtima, mapapo, ndi impso.
Pali magulu awiri akuluakulu a scleroderma: localized scleroderma, omwe amakhudza zigawo zina chabe za thupi ndipo amaphatikizapo mzere wofanana ndi scleroderma ndi morphea, ndi systemic sclerosis, yomwe imakhudza thupi lonse.
Localized Scleroderma
Mitundu ya scleroderma yamtunduwu imakhudza khungu ndi zithunzithunzi zofanana, ndipo nthawi zina minofu ili pansipa. Ziwalo za mkati sizimakhudzidwa.
Localized scleroderma sangathe kupita ku mtundu wa dongosololi. Mitundu yamtunduwu imatha kusintha pakapita nthawi, koma khungu limasintha zomwe zimachitika ngati matendawa akugwira ntchito.
Zingakhale zovuta ndi zolepheretsa.
Pali mitundu iwiri ya localized scleroderma: morphea ndi ofanana.
Morphea
Nsalu zofiira za khungu zomwe zimawomba kukhala zolimba zofanana ndi zosiyana ndi mtundu wa morphea wa localized scleroderma. Malo okhala ndi zigoba ndi minyanga, ndi malire a violet. Zingwezi zimatha kuchitika pachifuwa, m'mimba, kumbuyo, nkhope, mikono, ndi miyendo.
Zovalazo zimangokhala thukuta pang'ono ndipo zimakhala ndi ubweya waung'ono. Morphea amatha kupezeka m'madera osiyanasiyana (osachepera imodzi kapena zingapo, kuchokera pakati pa inchi mpaka mainchesi 12) kapena mabala onse (zofiira za khungu ndi zovuta komanso zamdima ndi kufalikira pamadera akuluakulu a thupi). Morphea nthawi zambiri amatha zaka zitatu kapena zisanu, komabe anthu akhoza kukhala ndi zikopa za mnofu, ngakhale kuti zochepa zimakhala zofooka.
Linear
Mzere umodzi wokha wosiyana kapena gulu lotidwa, khungu losaoneka bwino limakhala ndi mtundu wofikira wa scleroderma. Mzerewu umathamangira pansi mkono kapena mwendo koma ukhoza kuthamanga pamphumi.
Zovuta Zokwanira
Matenda a khunyu samakhudza khungu koma amakhudzanso mitsempha ya magazi ndi ziwalo zazikulu.
CREST Syndrome
Anthu omwe ali ndi systemic sclerosis amakhala ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi, zotchedwa CREST syndrome,
- Calcinosis: Kupanga calcium deposits mu minofu yogwirizana.
- Chochitika cha Raynaud: Mitsempha yaing'ono ya manja kapena miyendo imagwirizana chifukwa cha kuzizira kapena nkhawa.
- Kulephera kwa opaleshoni : Kutayika kwa thupi kumakhala kovuta pamene minofu yosalala imatha kutuluka.
- Sclerodactyly: Khungu lolimba ndi lolimba pa zala zanu zimachokera ku ma polojekiti owonjezera mu khungu.
- Tilangiectasias: Mawanga ofiira aang'ono pa manja ndi nkhope amayamba ndi kutupa kwa mitsempha yaing'ono yamagazi.
Limited Scleroderma
Matenda a sclerosis amagawidwa m'magulu awiri, ochepa komanso ochepa.
Limited scleroderma nthawi zambiri imayamba pang'onopang'ono ndipo imangokhala mbali zina za khungu, monga zala, manja, nkhope, mikono pansi, ndi miyendo.
Zochitika za Raynaud nthawi zambiri zimakhalapo zaka zambiri chisanafike khungu. Ena amakumana ndi mavuto a khungu pa thupi lonse lomwe limasintha pakapita nthawi, kusiya nkhope ndi manja okha ndi khungu lolimba. Ma calcinosis ndi telangiectasias nthawi zambiri zimatsatira.
Nthawi zina scleroderma imatchedwa syndrome CREST chifukwa chachikulu cha zizindikiro za CREST mwa odwalawa.
Kufalitsa Scleroderma
Kufalitsa scleroderma kumawonekera mwadzidzidzi. Kuphulika kwa khungu kumakula mofulumira ndipo kumakwirira thupi lonse, kawirikawiri m'kati mwake. Ziwalo zazikulu zamkati zingathe kuonongeka. Zizindikiro zomwe zimapezeka ndi zofala za scleroderma zikuphatikizapo:
- Kutopa
- Kutaya njala kapena kuchepa kwa kulemera
- Kutupa kofanana
- Chisoni chophatikizana
Khungu limatha kutuluka, kuoneka lowala, ndikumverera mwamphamvu ndi chowopsya. Kuwonongeka kwa kufalikira kwa scleroderma kumachitika kwazaka zingapo.
Pambuyo pa zaka zitatu kapena zisanu, odwala amatha kukhazikika, nthawi pamene kupita patsogolo kumawoneka kochepa ndipo zizindikiro zimachepa-koma pang'onopang'ono, khungu limasintha kachiwiri. Gawo lozindikiritsidwa ngati kuchepetsedwa kumachitika, pamene pang'onopang'ono collagen imapangidwa ndipo thupi limadzisokoneza lokha kwambiri collag.
Madera omalizira atakwanirizika amachepetsedwa mosavuta. Khungu lina la munthu wodwala limabwerera ku zomwe zimaoneka ngati zachilendo pamene khungu la ena limakhala lochepetseka komanso lofooka. Odwala odwala scleroderma amavutika kwambiri ngati akudwala matenda a impso, mapapo, mtima, ndi matenda.
Osachepera theka la odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu woipa wa scleroderma amakhala ndi mavuto aakulu mu ziwalo zomwe tatchulazi.
Zojambula Zowononga Sine Scleroderma
Ena amazindikira systemic sclerosis sine scleroderma monga gawo lachitatu la systemic sclerosis. Fomu iyi imakhudza mitsempha ya magazi ndi ziwalo za thupi, koma osati khungu.
Mawu Ochokera
Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa mtundu wa machitidwe a sclerosis omwe mumapezeka nawo kuti musankhe chithandizo chabwino chomwe chimakuchitirani. Ngakhale kuti palibe mankhwala a systemic sclerosis kapena scleroderma, pali njira zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuthana ndi matenda anu, kuchepetsa zizindikiro, ndi kupitilira kukhala bwino.
> Zotsatira:
> Scleroderma Zolemba Zolemba Zaumoyo. NIAMS. http://www.niams.nih.gov/Health_Info/Scleroderma/default.asp
> Firestein GS, Kelley WN. Kelleys Textbook of Rheumatology . Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier / Saunders; 2013.