Maganizo a auditor akhoza kufaniziridwa ndi mitundu ina ya tsankhu
Audism ndi mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kufotokoza maganizo oipa kwa anthu osamva kapena osamva. Amaganiziridwa ngati mtundu wa tsankhu, tsankho, kapena kusowa mtima kwa anthu omwe samva. Anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mawonedwe ameneĊµa amatchedwa olemba audindo ndipo maganizo opondereza angatenge mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Kumvetsetsa Audism
Mawu oyambirira a Audit anayamba kupanga ndi Tom Humphries m'chaka chake cha 1977, chomwe chinatchedwa "Kulankhulana Kwachinsinsi (Kumva Kwachinsinsi) ndi Language Learning.
"Momwemo, Humphries amatanthauzira kuti," Lingaliro lakuti wina ndi wamkulu chifukwa cha zomwe amatha kumva kapena kuchita monga momwe amamvera. "
Audism yatoledwa nthawi zambiri pazaka zambiri. Pakati pa iwo omwe afufuza mozama mtima umenewu anali Harlan Lane. Bukhu lake, "Mask of Benevolence: Kulepheretsa anthu osamva," makamaka ndizochita zotsutsana. Ngakhale Humphries ataganizira za mwayi womvetsera, Lane ankayang'ana mbali zonse za anthu komanso anthu onse.
Laibulale ya Yunivesite ya Gallaudet imapereka ndemanga yovuta kuchokera ku Lane. Bukuli limati, "Mwachidule, kufotokozera zamaganizo ndi njira yowonetsera, kukonzanso, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu pa ogontha."
Mafomu a Audist
Audist ingapezeke m'njira zosiyanasiyana m'madera osiyanasiyana a anthu. Zingakhudze ntchito ya munthu, maphunziro, moyo wake, kapena kungowonjezera muzokambirana chabe.
Komabe, zikuwonetseratu nthawi zambiri kuti onse akumva ndi ogontha angathe kukhala ndi malingaliro audindo.
Zina mwa njira zomwe audisti angapezedwe ndi:
- Kukana kapena kulephera kugwiritsa ntchito chinenero chamanja pamaso pa munthu wodalirika wodalirika, ngakhale mutadziwa kusayina.
- Kusokoneza wogontha kapena kumva za munthu akumva chifukwa cholephera kulankhula, ngakhale atakhala amphamvu m'chinenero chamanja.
- Kuumiriza kuti anthu ogontha ndi omvera omwe amamvetsera mwachidwi amamvana ndi anthu akumvetsera.
- Kusakhutira kukwaniritsa zosowa za munthu.
- Kuchepetsa zomwe akuyembekeza pokhudzana ndi maphunziro kapena luso la ntchito chifukwa sangamve.
Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti audisti sikutanthauza anthu omwe sadziwa bwino chikhalidwe cha osamva. Monga olemba a webusaiti ya Deaf Choice akunena, ngati simukudziwa bwino anthu ogontha, simungathe kuyembekezera kudziwa "malamulo" abwino kwambiri omwe angakhazikitsidwe kuti azionedwa kuti ndi aulemu.
M'malo mwake, liwu la olemba mabuku limagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri kwa iwo omwe ali ndi chidziwitso cha chikhalidwe cha anthu osamva koma amasankha, mwazifukwa zina, kuti asanyalanyaze kapena ayike. Mofanana ndi mtundu uliwonse wa tsankho, cholinga chake chiyenera kuganiziridwa pokambirana za auditi.
Audism ndi Ndondomeko Yabwino
Anthu ogontha amanyadira kwambiri omwe nthawi zambiri amatanthauzidwa ndi chikhalidwe chosamva . Ndizomveka kuti kafukufuku wamakalata nthawi zambiri amapita kukambirana za dera lomwelo. Monga momwe mungapezere mitu ya tsankho kapena chiwerewere mu chikhalidwe, mukhoza kupeza mndandanda wa auditor mu chikhalidwe chosamva.
Mwachitsanzo, anthu angapo amene anakumana ndi maganizo a olemba amalemba za iwo m'mabuku, masewero, ndakatulo, ndi malo ena.
Imeneyi ndi mutu wamba wa nyuzipepala ya ophunzira osamva komanso ochita kafukufuku omwe amasangalatsidwa ndi chikhalidwe komanso chikhalidwe cha anthu ammudzi.
Mofananamo, mabungwe omwe amalimbikitsa anthu ogontha nthawi zambiri amatenga nawo mbali polimbana ndi zolembera. Bungwe la Canada la Anthu Ogontha limafotokoza kuti kuvomereza kumachitika m'magulu onse a anthu ndipo zimawoneka ngati silovomerezeka ngati njira ina iliyonse yotsutsana. National Association of Ogontha ku US imaphatikizaponso "kuthetseratu kusungira, linguism, tsankho, ndi mitundu ina ya tsankhu" m'mawu awo okhudzana ndi chikhalidwe.
Mawu Ochokera
Kuwona zamalonda ndizoona ngati mtundu uliwonse wa tsankho ndipo zotsatira zake zingamveke mozama ndi anthu ogontha komanso omvera.
Ndi lingaliro labwino kuti aliyense achite zonse zomwe angathe kuti akhalebe woganizira nkhaniyi. Kudziphunzitsa nokha za chikhalidwe cha anthu osamva ndi njira imodzi yomwe mungathandizire.
> Chitsime:
> Eckert RC, Rowley AJ. Audism: Aoryory ndi Practice of Audiocentric Privilege. Humanity & Society. 2013; 37 (2): 101-130. do: doi.org/10.1177/0160597613481731.
> Deaf Choice, Inc. Kodi Kufufuza Zotani? DeafChoice.com 2012.
> Harrington T, Jacobi L. Kodi Kuwunika Kwambiri Ndi Chiyani? Library ya University of Gallaudet. 2009.
> Humphries T. Kulumikizana Padziko Lonse (Ozimva-Kumva) ndi Kuphunzira Zinenero. Union Institute ndi University, ProQuest Dissertations Publishing. 1977. DP10817.