Mulimonsemo, zingakhale bwino kapena zofunikira kukhala ndi mapulani osiyana
Mwamuna ndi mkazi wake amafunikanso kubwereranso pa inshuwalansi yomweyo. Koma sizingatheke nthawi zonse, komanso nthawi zonse sizosankha. Tiyeni tiwone malamulo omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito pazowunikira, komanso mafunso omwe muyenera kufunsa musanapange ngati inu kapena mnzanuyo muyenera-kapena mutha kukhala ndi inshuwalansi yomweyo.
Kutuluka kwa Pocket
Mabanja ayenera kulingalira za chiwonetsero chonse chazomwe amapeza kapena kulingalira. Ndalama Yopereka Chithandizo Chamtengo Wapatali imachepetsa ndalama zoposa $ 14,700 kwa banja mu 2018 , ndipo zimalepheretsa aliyense m'banja kuti asamalire ndalama zambiri (mu-network services) kuposa $ 7,350 . Koma malire omwe amachokera kunja kwa banja amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ndondomeko imodzi yomwe imakhudza mamembala a banja.
Ngati banja likugawanika pazinthu zambiri-kuphatikizapo abwana omwe amalandira inshuwaransi, kulumikiza malonda, kapena Medicare-malire omwe amachokera kunja kwa banja amagwiritsidwa ntchito payekha pa ndondomeko iliyonse. Choncho ngati banja likufuna kukhala ndi mwamuna mmodzi pa ndondomeko imodzi ndi mwamuna kapena mkazi wina pa dongosolo losiyana ndi ana a awiriwa, ndondomeko iliyonse idzakhala ndi malire awo, ndipo chiwonetsero chonse chikhoza kukhala chapamwamba kuposa momwe zingakhalire banja lonse linali pa dongosolo limodzi.
Zofunikira zaumoyo
Ngati mwamuna kapena mkazi ali ndi thanzi labwino ndipo winayo ali ndi matenda aakulu, lingaliro labwino kwambiri la ndalama likhoza kukhala kuti iwo akhale ndi malamulo awiri osiyana.
Mmodzi wathanzi angasankhe dongosolo lopanda mtengo ndi zovuta zowonjezera zopereka komanso zowonjezera zowonjezereka, pamene mwamuna yemwe ali ndi matenda angafunike kupanga ndondomeko yotsika mtengo yomwe ili ndi womangika kwambiri ndalama zothandizira.
Izi sizidzakhala choncho nthawi zonse, makamaka ngati mwamuna kapena mkazi ali ndi mwayi wapamwamba wokhala ndi luso lolemba ntchito omwe adzawaphimba onsewa ndi malipiro oyenera. Koma malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili, mabanja ena amapeza kuti ndi bwino kusankha zosankha zosiyana malinga ndi zosowa zina zachipatala.
Zotsatira za Mauthenga Okhudzana ndi Umoyo wa Moyo
Ngati muli ndi Aunti ya Health Savings (HSA) kapena muli ndi chidwi chokhala nawo, mudzafuna kudziwa zomwe zimachitika pokhala ndi mapulani a inshuwalansi osiyana.
Mukhoza kupereka ndalama zokwana madola 6,900 kupita ku HSA mu 2018 ngati muli ndi "banja" kufotokozedwa ndi HSA -dongosolo loyenera lachuma (HDHP). Kutseguka kwa banja kumatanthauza osachepera awiri mamembala a banja omwe ali pansi pa ndondomekoyi (mwachitsanzo, china chilichonse kupatula "chokha" kufotokozera pansi pa HDHP).
Ngati muli ndi ndondomeko yoyenera ya HSA yomwe muli nokha wothandizira, mphoto yanu ya HSA mu 2018 ndi $ 3,450. Inu ndi mnzanuyo mungathe kukhala ndi HSA ndi ma HSA omwe amatha kukhala ndi thanzi labwino. Koma ngati mmodzi wa inu ali ndi dongosolo loyenera la HSA (osakhala nawo mamembala ena pa ndondomeko) ndipo winayo ali ndi inshuwalansi ya umoyo omwe si HSA-oyenerera, zopereka zanu za HSA zokhala $ 3,450 mu 2018.
Wogwira Ntchito-Inshuwalansi Za Umoyo
Pafupi theka la Achimerika onse amapeza inshuwalansi yawo ya umoyo kuchokera ku ndondomeko yomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi abwana-ndiyo mtundu waukulu kwambiri wa kufalitsa. Ngati onse okwatirana akugwira ntchito kwa abwana omwe amapereka chithandizo, aliyense angathe kukhala payekha. Ngati abwana amapereka chithandizo kwa okwatirana, banjali lingasankhe ngati kuli kwanzeru kukhala ndi malingaliro awo, kapena kuonjezerana ndi mwamuna wina pa pulani yothandizira ena.
Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe muyenera kukumbukira pamene mukuganiza zoyenera kuchita:
- Olemba ntchito sakufunika kupereka chithandizo kwa okwatirana. Bungwe Lopereka Chithandizo Chamtengo Wapatali limafuna abwana akulu ( 50 kapena oposa ) kuti apereke chithandizo kwa antchito awo a nthawi zonse, ndipo amawafunikanso kupereka chithandizo kwa ana omwe akudalira ntchito. Koma palibe chofunikira kuti olemba ntchito azipereka chithandizo kwa azimayi ogwira ntchito.
- Izi zati, abwana ambiri omwe amapereka chithandizo amalola abambo kulowa mu ndondomekoyi. Olemba ena amapereka chithandizo chokwatirana ngati mwamuna kapena mkazi sangakwanitse kukonza mapulani awo.
- Pansi pa ACA, kulumikizidwa kwakukulu kwa abwana amapereka kwa antchito awo a nthawi zonse ayenera kuwonedwa kuti ndi okwera mtengo, kapena ngati bwanayo ali ndi kuthekera kwa zilango zachuma. Koma kukwanitsa kuthekera kumachokera pa mtengo wa phindu la ogwira ntchito, mosasamala kanthu za mtengo woonjezera wodalira kapena wokondedwa pa dongosolo . Izi zimadziwika kuti glitch , ndipo zimachititsa mabanja ena kuyang'anitsitsa zofunikira kuti awonjezere banja ku dongosolo lomwe analigwiritsa ntchito ndi abwana, komanso kukhala osagwirizana ndi ndalama zothandizira.
- Koma olemba ambiri amapereka gawo la mkango wa ndalama kuti awonjezere mamembala, ngakhale kuti sakufunikira kuchita zimenezo. Mu 2017, ndalama zowonjezereka zowonjezeredwa kwa banja pothandizidwa ndi abwana anali $ 18,764. Za ndalamazo, olemba ntchito amawononga $ 13,049, kapena pafupifupi 70 peresenti. Koma izi zimasiyanasiyana kwambiri malinga ndi kukula kwa bungwe; Makampani ang'onoang'ono sangathe kulipira gawo lalikulu la pulezidenti kuti awonjezere ogonjera ndi okwatirana ku chidziwitso cha antchito awo.
- Olemba ena amawonjezera ndalama zowonjezera ndalama zomwe amapereka kwa anthu okwatirana ngati wokwatirana ali ndi mwayi wopeza ntchito kumalo awo antchito. Ngati bwana wanu atachita izi, ndalama zonsezi ziyenera kuganiziridwa pamene mukuphwanya manambala kuti muwone ngati ndi bwino kuti mwamuna ndi mkazi wake azikonzekera chimodzimodzi, kapena kuti mwamuna kapena mkazi aliyense agwiritse ntchito ndondomeko yomwe amamupatsa.
- Komanso, pafupifupi 10 peresenti ya abwana amapereka malipiro oonjezera kwa antchito awo omwe amalembera ndondomeko ya wokwatiwa m'malo molembera ndondomeko ya ogwira ntchitoyo. Izi ndi mafunso omwe mukufuna kukambirana ndi dipatimenti yanu yothandiza anthu pa nthawi yanu yoyamba yolembetsa komanso nthawi yanu yolembera. Mukamamvetsa bwino za udindo wa abwana anu pazomwe mungakwatirane nawo (ndi udindo wa bwana wanu), mumakonzekera bwino kuti mupange chisankho.
Inshuwalansi yaumoyo yaumwini
Ngati mumagula inshuwalansi ya umoyo wanu, mwina pogwiritsa ntchito kusinthanitsa kapena kusinthanitsa , mumalowa mumsika. Muli ndi mwayi woyika onse awiri pa dongosolo limodzi, kapena kusankha mapulani awiri.
Mukhoza kusankha njira zosiyana ngakhale mutalembetsa ndalama ndi ndalama zothandizira ndalama kuti muyenerere ndalama zothandizira, olembetsa okwatirana ayenera kutumiza msonkho wobwereza, koma sayenera kukhala pa inshuwalansi yomweyo. Kusinthanitsa kudzawerengera ndalama zanu zonse zothandizira pogwiritsa ntchito ndalama zapakhomo lanu ndikuzigwiritsira ntchito ndondomeko zomwe mumasankha. Muyanjanitsa ndalama zomwe mumapeza pa msonkho wanu mutabwereranso momwe mungakhalire mutakhala ndi ndondomeko yoyenera kubanja lanu, ndipo ndalama zothandizira zomwe mumalandira zidzakhala zofanana ndi zomwe mungachite mutakhala pamodzi pa ndondomeko imodzi (ndalama zomwe mumalipira mu malipiro angakhale osiyana, komabe, chiwerengero choyambe chithandizo chomwe chilipo pa mapulani awiriwo chidzakhala chosiyana ndi ndalama zonse zisanayambe zothandizira kuti mwamuna ndi mkazi onse azikonzekera limodzi).
Mukhozanso kusankha kuti mwamuna kapena mkazi akhale ndi ndondomeko yosinthana ndi wina ndikukonzekera. Izi zikhoza kukhala chinthu choyenera kulingalira ngati, mwachitsanzo, mwamuna kapena mkazi akulandira thandizo lachipatala kwa opereka omwe ali mu-intaneti ndi ogulitsa osagwirizana. Koma kumbukirani kuti palibe ndalama zomwe zimapezeka kunja kwa kusinthanitsa, kotero kuti mwamuna yemwe ali ndi ndondomeko yosinthanitsa ndalama adzalipiritsa mtengo wake wonse. Ndipo pamene wokwatirana akukambirana nawo akuyenera kulandira ndalama zothandizira ndalama zogwirizana ndi ndalama zonse za pakhomo komanso chiwerengero cha anthu a m'banja, ndalama zothandizira ndalamazo zingakhale zochepa kwambiri ( apa pali zitsanzo zosonyeza momwe izi zimagwirira ntchito ).
Ngati mwamuna kapena mkazi ali ndi mwayi wopanga ndalama zomwe angakwanitse, ndipo mwamuna kapena mkaziyo ayenera kuwonjezeredwa ku ndondomekoyi koma amasankha kugula ndondomeko ya malonda m'malo mwake, palibe ndalama zothandizira kuti zitheke pokhapokha ngati ndalamazo zikugwiritsidwa ntchito. sichipezeka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mwayi wopeza ndalama zogula ntchito.
Bungwe la Inshuwalansi Lathandizidwa ndi Boma
Nthawi zina, mwamuna kapena mkazi akhoza kukhala ndi mwayi wothandizira inshuwalansi yothandizidwa ndi boma, pamene winayo sali. Zitsanzo zina ndi izi:
- Mwamuna mmodzi amatembenukira ku 65 ndipo amatha kukhala Medicare , pamene winayo akadakali wamng'ono kuposa 65. Ngakhale kamodzi onse awiri akwatirana ndi Medicare, chithandizo chonse cha Medicare ndiyekha, osati banja. Mwamuna ndi mkazi aliyense adzakhala ndi zolemba zosiyana pa Medicare, ndipo ngati akufuna njira yowonjezeredwa (pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a Medicare Advantage omwe amachotsa Original Medicare, kapena Medigap ndi Medicare Part D kuti awonjezerepo Original Medicare), mwamuna aliyense adzakhala ndi ndondomeko zawo.
- Mkazi wina ali olumala ndipo akuyenerera Medicaid kapena Medicare, pamene winayo ali ndi mphamvu.
- Mayi wodwala akhoza kulandira Medicaid kapena CHIP (zolemba zimasiyanasiyana ndi boma), pamene mwamuna wake sali.
Mkwatibwi wina akalandila inshuwalansi yothandizidwa ndi boma, winayo akhoza kupitiriza kukhala ndi inshuwalansi yathanzi. Zinthu zoterezi zingasinthe pakapita nthawi. Mwachitsanzo, mayi wodwala sangathenso kulandira Medicaid kapena CHIP mwana atabadwa, ndipo angafunike kubwerera ku ndondomeko ya inshuwalansi yathanzi pa nthawiyo.
Palibe chiwerengero chimodzi-chokwanira pokhapokha ngati okwatirana ayenera kukhala pa ndondomeko yomweyo ya inshuwalansi ya umoyo. Nthawi zina, iwo alibe mwayi wofanana, ndipo nthawi zina, zimapindulitsa kuti akhale ndi mapulani osiyana, pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana.
> Zotsatira:
> Dipatimenti ya zaumoyo ndi zithandizo zaumunthu. Chitetezo cha Odwala ndi Zopanda Thandizo Labwino; Chidziwitso cha HHS cha Kupindula ndi Kulipira Malipiro a 2018; Kusintha kwa Nthawi Zowonjezera Zapadera ndi Ogwiritsira Ntchito Opangidwa ndi Omwe Anakhazikitsidwa. December 22, 2016.
> Mapulogalamu apakati a zapakhomo, Njira Yowonongolera Zokwanira Mapulani 2017-37 .
> Kaiser Family Foundation, Average Annual Premium Health Work Premium Akukwera Modzichepetsa 3% mpaka $ 18,142 mu 2016; Ogwira Ntchito Ambiri Akulembera Mapulani Opambana Omwe Angapulumutse Pa Zaka Zaka ziwiri Zakale.
> Kaiser Family Foundation, Employer Health Benefits, Chidule cha 2017.
> Kaiser Family Foundation, Inshuwalansi ya Umoyo wa Anthu Onse.
> Medicaid.gov. Mankhwala a Medicaid ndi CHIP Oyenerera.