Matendawa omwe amabadwa nawo amaletsa kuyamwa kwa electrolytes
Matenda a Gitelman ndi matenda a impso omwe amabadwa nawo omwe amadziwika kuti ndi otsika potaziyamu ndi magnesium m'magazi ndipo amachepetsanso kuchepa kwa calcium mu mkodzo. Matenda a Gitelman amayamba chifukwa cha mtundu wa mapuloteni oyenera kutengera izi ndi zina zotchedwa electrolytes kudzera m'magulu a impso.
Zikuoneka kuti matenda a Gitelman amapezeka m'modzi mwa anthu 40,000, omwe amakhudza amuna ndi akazi amitundu yonse.
Palibe mankhwala a Gitelman matenda.
Zimayambitsa
Pafupifupi 80 peresenti ya milandu yonse imagwirizanitsidwa ndi mtundu wina wa chibadwa chotchedwa SLC12AC. Izi zimakhudza mwachindunji chinthu chomwe chimatchedwa sodium-chloride cotransporter (NCCT), yomwe ntchito yake ndiyo kubwezeretsa sodium ndi kloride kuchokera ku madzi a impso. Ngakhale kuti kusintha kwa SLC12AC ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha Gitelman syndrome, kusintha kwa zinthu zina makumi anayi ndi makumi anayi ndi makumi anai.
Zotsatira zina za kusintha kwa SLC12AC ndi kuwonjezeka kwa calcium reabsorption mu impso. Ngakhale kuti izi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi magnesium ndi potassium, asayansi sakudziwa bwinobwino momwe izi zimachitikira kapena chifukwa chake.
Zizindikiro
Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Gitelman nthawi zina sangazindikire. Pamene akukula, amawoneka kawirikawiri atakwanitsa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi.
Zizindikiro zambiri zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi potassium (hypokalemia), low magnesium (hypomagnesemia), low chloride (hypochloremia), ndi calcium yapamwamba (hypercalcemia), kuphatikizapo otsika pH level.
Zizindikiro zofala za Gitelman zikuphatikizapo:
- Kufooka kwachibadwa
- Kutopa
- Kupweteka kwa minofu
- Kuthamanga kwambiri kapena kukodza usiku
- Kukhumba kwa mchere
Nthawi zambiri, anthu amatha kupweteka m'mimba, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, kudzimbidwa, kapena malungo. Kugonjetsa ndi nkhope paresthesia (kutayika kwa nkhope kumaso) zakhala zikudziwika kuti zikuchitika.
Anthu ena achikulire omwe ali ndi matenda a Gitelman angakhalenso ndi chondrocalcinosis , mtundu wa nthenda ya nyamakazi yomwe imayambitsa mapuloteni a calcium m'matumba ofanana.
Kudziwa
Matenda a Gitelman amapezeka chifukwa cha kuunika kwa thupi, kubwereza zizindikiro, ndi zotsatira za kufufuza magazi ndi mkodzo. Zotsatira za Lab zikanawonetsa:
- Mavuto ochepa a potaziyamu m'magazi
- Magulu a magnesium m'magazi
- Mankhwala otsika a calcium mu mkodzo
Matenda a Gitelman nthawi zambiri amavumbulutsidwa panthawi yoyezetsa magazi nthawi zonse pamene pena paliponse penaziyamu. Izi zikachitika, madokotala amachita zowonjezera mayeso kuti adziwe ngati ndi Gitelman syndrome, matenda omwe amadziwika kuti Matenda a Bartter , kapena matenda ena.
Chithandizo
Chithandizo cha matenda a Gitelman chikugwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira matenda. Potaziyamu ndi magnesium supplementation ndizopangira mankhwala, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatchulidwa muyezo waukulu (chifukwa nthawi zonse zimachotsedwa mu mkodzo). Pazigawo zoopsa kwambiri za minofu, magnesium ikhoza kuperekedwa mosavuta.
Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Gitelman, kaya ali ndi chizindikiro kapena ayi, akulangizidwa kuti azitha kukhala ndi potassium, magnesium, sodium, ndi chloride. Izi zimaphatikizapo kusintha kwa zakudya komanso kugwiritsa ntchito potassium-sparing diuretics kuti asungunuke madzi mwa kukodza koma kusunga potaziyamu.
> Chitsime:
> Knoer, N. ndi Levtchenko, E. "Gitelman syndrome." Orphanet Journal ya Matenda Ovuta. 2008: 3:22.