Kuchepa Kwambiri Pamene Kugwedeza Kungakhale Kuwunika Kwambiri Kwambiri
Bendopnea, yoyamba kufotokozedwa kumbuyo mu 2014, ndi mpweya wochepa pamene ukugwedezeka. Icho tsopano chikuzindikiridwa ngati chizindikiro cha mtima kulephera .
Kupuma pang'ono, kapena dyspnea , ndi chizindikiro chodziŵika bwino mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima. Dyspnea ikhoza kutenga mitundu yambiri. Dyspnea ndi mphamvu ndiyofala kwambiri ndi dyspnea yomwe imapezeka pamene wagona ( orthopnea ) ndi chizindikiro china chafupipafupi.
Chifukwa cha orthopnea yawo, anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima nthawi zambiri amafunika kugwiritsa ntchito miyendo ingapo kuti agone bwino kapena angafunike kugona atakhala pansi. Dyspnea (PNX) yotchedwa Paroxysmal usiku (PND) ndiyo njira yodabwitsa ya dyspnea yomwe ingamutse munthu amene ali ndi vuto la mtima chifukwa cha tulo tofa nato.
Dyspnea pa kuyesayesa, orthopnea, ndi PND onse amaonedwa ngati zizindikiro zapachiyambi za mtima kulephera. Zonse mwa mawonetseredwe a dyspnea omwe amachititsidwa chifukwa cha kulephera kwa mtima adziwika bwino ndi mibadwo yambiri ya madokotala.
Kupeza mawonekedwe "atsopano" a Dyspnea
Mu 2014, ofufuza a ku yunivesite ya Texas adatchulanso mtundu wina wa dyspnea womwe umapezeka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima-kutaya mpweya kumene kumachitika pamene akugwedezeka. Pofotokoza chizindikiro ichi chatsopano, iwo adapanga mawu akuti bendopne- "pnea" kuchokera ku Greek pnoia kupuma ndi "bendo" kuchokera ku Texan kuti agulire.
Ofufuzawo adawona kuti ena mwa odwala omwe anali ndi mtima wodandaula ndi dyspnea pamene akugwedezeka, kotero iwo ankachititsa phunziro limodzi kuti aone kuchuluka kwa chizindikiro ichi ndi kuzindikira momwe chiwerengero chake chachipatala chilili.
Anaphunzira odwala 102 omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mtima . Munthu aliyense anapemphedwa kukhala pampando ndi kuwerama kwa masekondi makumi atatu, ngati kuti anali kumanga nsapato. Odwala makumi awiri ndi anayi (28 peresenti) adakumana ndi bendopnea.
Zizindikiro zowonjezera mtima za mtima (monga dyspnea poyesera ndi orthopnea) zinkakhala zovuta kwambiri kwa anthu omwe anali ndi bendopnea panthawi ya mayesero makumi atatu.
Kuwonjezera pamenepo, bendopnea inali yodziwika kwambiri ndi anthu omwe anali ndi madzi osungunuka komanso edema (kutupa miyendo).
Ochita kafukufuku adachititsanso anthu odwala 102 omwe amaphunzira mozama mtima. Iwo anapeza kuti anthu 29 omwe ali ndi bendopnea, pafupifupi, anali ndi machitidwe apamwamba kwambiri a mtima kusiyana ndi omwe alibe bendopnea-makamaka, zovuta mkati mwa mitima yawo zinali zazikulu. Zonsezi zapeza kuti chizindikiro cha bendopnea chimawoneka kuti chikuphatikizidwa ndi kulephera kwa mtima komwe kwapita patsogolo kapena kosalamuliridwa bwino.
Zifukwa za Bendopnea
Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima nthawi zambiri akhala akukakamiza kwambiri mtima. Kupsyinjika kwa mtima uku kumabweretsa kubweza kwa magazi kubwerera m'mtima kuchokera m'mapapu, zomwe zingayambitse kupanikizika kwa mpweya, motero kuti dyspnea.
Chilichonse chomwe chimayambitsa kuwonjezeka kwina kwa zovuta za mtima chingapangitse vutoli kukhala loipa. Kuchita mwakhama kumachita izi, ndipo dyspnea pakuyesera ndi chizindikiro chofala mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima. Kumanamizira kumayambitsa madzi a thupi kuti aperekedwe ku chifuwa, chomwe chimapangitsanso kupanikizika kwa mtima, kutitsogolera ku mayendedwe.
Pang'onopang'ono, kugwada m'chiuno kumapangitsanso zovuta mkati mwa chifuwa (ndipo motero, mkati mwa mtima).
Kwa anthu omwe mtima wawo umalephera kuchepetsedwa, kuwonjezereka kochepa kwa mtima wa mtima chifukwa chogwedezeka pazomwe zingawathandize kumapeto ndi kupanga dyspnea.
Mawu Ochokera
Ngakhale kuti iyi inali yophunzira pang'ono, imasonyeza bwino kuti maonekedwe a bendopnea mwa munthu amene ali ndi vuto la mtima angatengedwe monga chizindikiro chosonyeza kuti chikhalidwe chawo chikuipiraipira. Chiyeso cha bendopnea ndi chofulumira komanso chophweka kuchita (ndiko, kukhala pansi ndi kuwerama kwa masekondi 30) ndipo madokotala ambiri akhoza kumaliza kuwonjezera pa chizolowezi chawo choyesa odwala omwe ali ndi mtima wolephera.
Kaya chizindikiro cha bendopnea chingakhale chothandizira pozindikira kuti kale kusadziwika kwa mtima kusadziwika sichidziwika chifukwa chizindikiro ichi sichinaphunzidwe ngati chida chowonetsera.
Komabe, popeza bendopnea ikuwoneka kuti ikugwirizana ndi kupwetekedwa mtima kwa mtima, zikuoneka kuti nthawi zambiri matenda a mtima angayesedwe ndi zizindikiro zina ndi zizindikiro pamaso pa bendopnea.
Pomalizira pake, tiyenera kuzindikira kuti kupuma pang'ono pamene tikugwedezeka kungabweretse mavuto ambiri osati kuperewera kwa mtima, kuphatikizapo matenda osiyanasiyana a mapapu kapena kungokhala olemera kwambiri. Kotero, ngati muwona chizindikiro cha bendopnea, sizikutanthauza kuti muli ndi mtima wolephera. Koma, zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kufunsa dotolo wanu za chizindikiro ichi.
> Chitsime:
> Thibodeau JT, Turer AT, Gualano SK, et al. Khalidwe la Chizindikiro Chachilendo cha Kulephera kwa Mtima wa Mtima: Bendopnea. JACC Mtima Walephera 2014; 2: 24-31.