Mononucleosis (mono) kawirikawiri imayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo ka Epstein-Barr (EBV) , ngakhale kuti mono-ngati matenda amapangidwa ndi mavairasi ena ndi zamoyo. Mono amafalikira pamatumbo, chifukwa chake amatchulidwa kuti "matenda opsompsonana." Wina yemwe ali ndi mono ambiri amawoneka kuti akuwathandiza kwa miyezi ingapo. Pakukula, anthu ambiri adatengedwera ndi EBV koma angakhale ndi zizindikiro zochepa kusiyana ndi mononucleosis.
Zomwe Zimayambitsa
Kutenga kachilombo ka Epstein-Barr (EBV) kapena, kawirikawiri, cytomegalovirus (CMV) , imayambitsa mononucleosis. Kuwonjezera apo, mavairasi ena ambiri ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda Toxoplasma gondii amachititsa matenda omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zofanana ndi zomwe zimapezeka ngati mononucleosis.
Mono Momwe Amafalikira
EBV kawirikawiri imafalikira kupyolera mumatumbo. Kufikira pafupi ndi zinthu monga kugawa chikho, udzu, kapena chida chodya chingathe kufalitsa EBV. Ikhoza kufalikira ndi madzi ena amthupi kuphatikizapo ntchentche, magazi, nyemba, ndi mazimayi. Kufalikira kumakhala kawirikawiri kuchokera kwa munthu amene akutsitsa kachilombo koma alibe zizindikiro zake.
Zizindikiro kawirikawiri zimatenga masabata anayi kapena asanu mutatha kutenga kachilomboko, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kudziwa momwe mudapezera matendawa.
Kukula ndi Zaka Magulu
Pafupifupi hafu ya ana onse ali ndi kachilombo ka EBV asanakwanitse zaka zisanu, nthawi zambiri alibe zizindikiro kapena matenda ochepa chabe. Pafupifupi 95 peresenti ya anthu akuluakulu ku United States akhala akudwala EBV.
Matendawa nthawi zambiri amabweretsa zizindikiro ndi matenda achinyamata komanso achinyamata. Ngati ndinu wachinyamata yemwe ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa popanda kukhala ndi chichepere, mukhoza kukhala ndi matenda a mononucleosis matenda pafupifupi 25 peresenti ya nthawiyo.
Ana osapitirira chaka chimodzi sakhala ndi mono chifukwa amalandira ma antibodies kuchokera kwa amayi awo omwe amawateteza pakapita miyezi yambiri ya moyo.
Mayi amene ali ndi kachilombo ka EBV yogwira ntchito kapena yowonjezera angathe kupatsira mwana wake kachilomboka, koma nthawi zambiri sichizindikiro kapena matenda kwa mwanayo.
Nthawi Yopatsirana ndi Kubwereza
Ochita kafukufuku sadziwa kwenikweni kuti munthu wokhala ndi mono wovuta amakhala wotani kwa nthawi yayitali. Ngakhale ambiri atakupatsani chizindikiro "chonse chowoneka" patadutsa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti pangakhale miyezi 18. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti EBV ikhoza kukhala yogwira ngakhale ngati mulibe zizindikiro.
Mukakhala ndi kachilombo ka EBV, mumapanga ma antibodies omwe angakutetezeni kuti mupeze kachiwiri. Icho chinati, ndi mtundu wa herpesvirus ndipo, monga ena mu banja limenelo, izo sizimachoka mu thupi lanu. Pambuyo poyambitsa matendawa, kachilombo ka HIV kamalowa mu dormancy ndipo kawirikawiri amakhalabe mudziko losakhala ndi vuto.
Ngati chitetezo cha mthupi lanu sichingatheke m'tsogolomu, palibenso kachilombo koyambitsa kachilombo koyambitsa kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa. Zikatero, mungamve kuti muli otopa kapena muli ndi zilonda zotupa, koma musadziwe kuti mukulandira. Nthawi zina, sipadzakhala zizindikiro. Ngati kachilombo kamatulutsa mthunzi ndi madzi ena, mukhoza kutumiza EBV kwa ena.
Zochitika Zowopsa Kwamoyo
Achinyamata sangathe kudziwa ngati ali ndi kachirombo ka EBV ngati ali mwana kapena ayi. Mutha kukhala kale ndi mono kapena mutha kukhala pachiopsezo kuti mutenge. Palibe katemera ndi antibody zojambula sizichitika.
Zimakhala zovuta kuteteza mono kufalitsa, koma mukhoza kusamalira bwino ngati iwe kapena munthu wina ali ndi mono (kapena akuchira). Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti kuthetsa kwa zizindikiro za mono sikukutanthauza kuti wina sali ochepetsetsa. Chifukwa chaichi, muyenera kusamala, kuphatikizapo:
- Pewani kumpsompsona
- Pewani zida zogwirizana
- Pewani kumwa mowa kapena kumwa mowa
- Kuphimba chifuwa chilichonse kapena kupopera
- Kusamba m'manja nthawi zambiri
Wina yemwe ali ndi mono sakulangizidwa kukhala kunyumba kuchokera kusukulu kapena kugwira ntchito chifukwa cha matenda awo. M'malo mwake, nthawi imalimbikitsidwa chifukwa cha zizindikiro zomwe zikukumana nazo.
Ngakhale kugonana kwa m'kamwa sikungoganizidwe kuti ndi njira yaikulu ya mono transmission, kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti maulendo apamwamba a mono amawoneka pa achinyamata akugonana. Momwemo, kugonana kungafunikire kuchepetsedwa panthawi yogwira ntchito ngati matenda owonjezera. Zopinga zotetezera monga makondomu ndi mabwalo a mano angathandize kuteteza kufalikira kwa EBV, komanso zimathandiza popewera matenda opatsirana pogonana ndi mimba.
> Zotsatira:
> Eligio P, Delia R, Valeria G. EBV Matenda Opatsirana. Mediterranean Journal ya Hematology ndi Matenda Opatsirana . 2010; 2 (1): e2010022. do: 10.4084 / MJHID.2010.022.
> Epstein-Barr Virus ndi Infectious Mononucleosis. Maofesi a Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. https://www.cdc.gov/epstein-barr/about-mono.html.
> Thompson AE. Infectious Mononucleosis. JAMA. 2015; 313 (11): 1180. lembani: 10.1001 / jama.2015.159