Momwe Makhalidwe Achiwerewere ndi Amagulu Amagulu Amagwiritsira Ntchito Pangozi
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) ndi matenda opatsirana kwambiri a abambo mwa amayi a msinkhu wobereka komanso mmodzi mwa osamvetsetseka kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti sikutengedwa kuti ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana (STD), BV imayanjanitsidwa ndi zinthu zofanana monga chlamydia, gonorrhea, ndi trichomoniasis. Ngakhale amayi omwe sagonana amatha kupeza BV, ngakhale kuti si zachilendo.
Chowonadi chosavuta ndi chakuti asayansi sadziwa motsimikiza kuti njira (kapena kuphatikiza kwa njira) zimapangitsira BV.
Chimene tikudziŵa ndi chakuti, zilizonse zomwe zimayambitsa, BV ndi chifukwa cha kusamvetseka kwa mazira a abambo momwe mabakiteriya omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino atha, ndikupangitsa kuti anthu osauka azichuluka. Zina mwa zomwe zingayambitse zimaphatikizapo kugonana, ma genetics, ndi thanzi labwino / umaliseche.
Zogonana
Bacterial vaginosis sichiwerengedwa kuti ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana chifukwa matendawa sagwidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga kachirombo ka HIV kapena mabakiteriya (ngati syphilis ). M'malo mwake, kachilomboka kamapezeka pamene mabakiteriya ena oipa omwe amapezeka mumaliseche amapatsidwa mpata wopambana.
Ochimwawo ndi Gardnerella vaginalis, vagina a Atopobium, ndi matenda a Prevotella ndi Morbiluncus mabakiteriya. Mabakiteriya amenewa nthawi zambiri amatetezedwa ndi chitetezo cha mthupi ndipo, mofunika makamaka, acidity ya vagin (monga momwe imawerengera ndi pH ).
Zochita zogonana zimatha kuchepetsa machitidwewa mwa kuyambitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'mimba mwazimayi.
Izi sizingangosintha kotheratu pH, koma zimachotsa mabakiteriya ambiri omwe amawathandiza komanso "kuyeretsa" abambo. Zomwe zili choncho, ngati muli ndi zibwenzi zambiri zomwe mumakhala nazo, mumadziwonetsa nokha ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Kuopsa kwa BV, n'zosadabwitsa kuti ndipamwamba kwambiri pakati pa amayi a zaka zapakati pa 15 ndi 44 omwe amatha kugonana.
Zina mwazifukwa zofunikira zokhudzana ndi kugonana:
- Anthu ambiri ogonana ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zazikulu za BV. Izi zikuphatikizapo abambo amuna ndi akazi. Ndipotu, kafukufuku wina wa 2010 adanena kuti kugonana ndi mkazi wina kumapangitsa kuti pakhale mwayi wa BV ndi pafupifupi 52 peresenti.
- Ogonana atsopano amaika pangozi mwa kukulozerani ku mabakiteriya ndi tizilombo tina tomwe thupi lanu likhoza kukhala losazolowereka.
- Mankhwala osatetezeka, amaliseche, ndi kugonana amatha kuthandizira pochotsa chotchinga cha chitetezo kuti makondomu ndi madamu a mano amapereka. BV ikhozanso kuyambitsidwa ndi kugonana komweko (kutsegula maliseche, "kuvomereza") ndi kuvuta ("dry humping"),
- Kugawana nawo zidole za kugonana kumaika pangozi.
Kuwonjezera pa BV, amayi akhoza kupanga zomwe zimatchedwa matenda osokonezeka chifukwa cha kugonana. Matenda opatsirana amapezeka pamene abambo amabweretsedwa ndi mabakiteriya a anaerobic omwe amapezeka muzimayi komanso mabakiteriya aerobic kunja kwa chikazi. Zitsanzo za mabakiteriya aerobic ndi Staphylococcus aureus ndi Escherichia coli ( E. coli ).
Ngati mabakiteriya aerobic amathandizidwa, matendawa angatchulidwe ngati aerobic vaginitis (AV) . Kuyankhula kuchipatala, matenda a BV ndi AV nthawi zambiri amawavuta kufotokozera ndipo amafunikanso kuti mayeso ayesedwe .
Genetics
Nthawi zina, chibadwa cha mkazi chingamuthandize kuti awononge BV, kawirikawiri pochititsa kuti Lactobacilli wotetezeka azikhala otetezeka mmimba mwake.
Ngakhale kuti kafukufuku wamakono sakupezeka paliponse, pali umboni wakuti zamoyo zina zimayambitsa kusintha kwa cormotropin-released hormone (CRH) , chinthu chomwe chimathandiza kwambiri pakuletsa chitetezo ndi kutukusira . Asayansi akukhulupirira kuti zovuta za CRH kupanga zingakhudze mitsempha ya m'mimba ndikuyambitsa kusayenerera kwa mabakiteriya, makamaka pa nthawi ya mimba.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya CRH yokhudzana ndi majeremusi yowonongeka mwadzidzidzi yodziwika mwa amayi akuda omwe sali ofanana kwambiri ndi akazi oyera.
Izi zingathandize kufotokozera, mwazigawo, chifukwa chake azimayi a ku America amapezekanso kachiwiri kuti apeze BV kuposa awo oyera.
General / Vaginal Health
Kusunga pH yabwino ndi pH ndi zovuta nthawi zonse. Zambiri za tsiku ndi tsiku zomwe timachita zimathetsa kuchepa kwachangu, mwina polimbikitsa kuchuluka kwa mabakiteriya "oipa" kapena kuchepetsa mphamvu zathu zothana ndi matenda.
Zina mwazochita zaumoyo kapena zochitika zambiri zokhudzana ndi matenda a BV:
- Kuwombera malo omwe uli pangozi mwa kuchotsa zitsamba za chitetezo chake. Malinga ndi lipoti lochokera ku Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ya Health and Human Services ku United States, mmodzi mwa amayi asanu a ku America a zaka zapakati pa 15 mpaka 44 akuwonetsa. Chizoloŵezichi chikufala kwambiri pakati pa achinyamata, amayi a ku Africa, ndi akazi a Latino.
- Kusuta kumadziwika kuti kuchotsa mabakiteriya awiri ofunika kwambiri pa umoyo wanu wamaliseche, Lactobacillus iners ndi Lactobacillus crispatus . Kusuta kumayambitsanso kupopera kwa mitsempha ya magazi, kumapangitsa kuti kukhale kovuta kulimbana ndi matenda pamene kuwonjezeka kwowonjezera kumafunika.
- Zipangizo zamakono (IUDs) , ngakhale zothandizira kupeŵa kutenga mimba, zikhoza kuwonjezetsa chiopsezo cha BV mwa amayi ena. Malingana ndi kafukufuku wochokera ku St. Louis School of Medicine, chiopsezochi chikuwoneka chachikulu kwambiri mwa amayi omwe ali ndi kusamvetseka kochepa m'mimba yawo yazimayi (nthawi zambiri osadziwika) ndikumva magazi osagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yomwe akugwiritsa ntchito IUD .
- Kulephera kwa Vitamini D kwakhala kwatsutsana kwa nthawi yaitali ngati chifukwa cha BV, ndi maphunziro ena othandizira chiphunzitsocho ndi ena osati. Kumeneko zikuwoneka kuti zimakhudza kwambiri pamene uli ndi pakati. Izi zikuwonetsedwa mu gawo la phunziro la 2015 limene linasonyeza kuti vitamini D wochulukitsa mavitamini D 2,000 tsiku lililonse kwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi inachepetsa chiopsezo cha BV kuyambira 63.5 peresenti mpaka 19.2 peresenti.
Pozindikira bwino kuopsa kwa bacterial vaginosis, mukhoza kupeza njira zothetsera izo ndikupewa matenda ena opatsirana pogonana.
> Zotsatira:
> Brotman, R .; Iye, X ;; Gajer, P. et al. "Kuyanjana pakati pa kusuta fodya ndi ma microbiota a m'madzi: kuyeserera kwa woyendetsa ndege" BMC Infect Dis. 2014; 14: 471. DOI: 10.1186 / 1471-2334-14-471.
> Madden, T .; Grentzer, J .; Secura, G. et al. "Kuopsa kwa Bakiteriya Vaginosis Kwa Ogwiritsa Ntchito Njira Zopangira Mafilimu: Kuphunzira Kwambiri." Sex Trans Dis. 2012; 39 (3): 217-22. DOI: 10.1097 / OLQ.0b013e31823e68fe.
> Ryckman, K .; Simhan, H ;; Krohn, A. et al. "Kulongosola za ngozi ya bacterial vaginosis: udindo wa mtundu, kusuta ndi corticotropin-kutulutsa majini okhudzana ndi mahomoni." Mol Hum Kuberekera. 2009; 15 (2): 131-137. DOI: 10.1093 / molehr / gan081.
> Taheri, M .; Baheiraei, A .; Foroushani, A. et al. "Chithandizo cha kuchepa kwa vitamini D ndi njira yothandiza kuthetseratu mankhwala osokoneza bongo. 2015; 141 (6): 799-806. DOI: 10.4103 / 0971-5916.160707.
> US Department of Health and Human Services. "Kukayikira." Rockville Maryland; zasinthidwa pa April 18, 2017.