Chigawo ichi cha mchiuno wanu chikhoza kutha
Kuchita opaleshoni ya Hip kumakhala kofala kwambiri ndipo ndi njira imodzi yothandizira opaleshoni yowonjezereka potsata moyo wa munthu ndi ntchito yake, komanso kukhala ndi chiwerengero chosavuta kumvetsa. Pamene kawirikawiri mapepala otsekemera a pamwamba pa chiunochi amatha, ngakhale ntchito zosavuta zingakhale zovuta. Kujambula kwa Hip kumachotsa chophatikizira chotsalira kwambiri ndipo chimachotsamo ndi kumangiriza.
Komabe, izi sizikutanthauza kuti palibe zoopsa ndi opaleshoni , ndipo cholinga chanu chachikulu cha opaleshoni ndicho kupeŵa mavuto. Chinthu chimodzi chomwe chingatheke kukhala chizoloŵezi ndi chizoloŵezi chokhalitsa m'malo mwa nthawi .
Mapangidwe amalowa a nsalu, ndi zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malo obwezeretsa nsabwe, zasintha, zasinthidwa, zimalowa ndi zosavomerezeka, ndipo zimapitilizidwa kuti zifufuzidwe kuti zidziwe bwino momwe mungapangidwire. Nthawi zambiri pazaka makumi angapo zapitazo, mapulaneti atsopano ndi zipangizo zakhala zikubwera kumsika ndi chisangalalo chachikulu, pokhapokha pozindikira kuti pakapita nthawi sagwira ntchito komanso kuyembekezera.
Zochitika Padziko
Njira yowonongeka kwambiri yokhudzana ndi mchiuno, motengera moyo wautali wa implants, ndiyo yotchedwa kubereka pamwamba. Uwu ndiwo pamwamba pa mchiuno umene umaloleza kuthamanga pakati pa mpira ndi chingwe cha kuikidwa.
Kuika mmalo kumalo komwe kumalowetsanso kubwezeretsa mpira ndi mthunzi wa mpira wongopeka ndi thumba lopanga. Mbali izi zimapangidwa mu maonekedwe ndi makulidwe ambiri, ndipo zomwe zimayikidwa m'thupi lanu zimadalira:
- Ukulu wa femir ndi pelvis
- Zovuta kapena zovuta zilizonse za mchiuno mwanu
- Kupanga opaleshoni musanayambe
- Chochita cha dokotala wanu
Bwalo ndi chingwe cha kuika mmalo mwachitsulo chidzakhala malo omwe amasunthira nthawi iliyonse pomwe mchiuno wanu ukusuntha pa nthawi ya moyo wanu. Zokwanira izi zidzatanthawuza mamiliyoni ambiri ndipo zimatha kuvala zaka zambiri. Mofanana ndi makwerero a matayala anu amatha kutaya pamene mukuyendetsa mazana ndi masauzande makilomita, kubwezeretsa kwa mchiuno kungathe kutha zaka zambiri ndi zaka makumi asanu.
Nthawi zina mapiko omwe amalowa m'malo mwake amakhala otalika kwambiri kapena ochepa kwambiri. Cholinga ndicho kupanga chokhazikika chomwe chidzatha nthawi yaitali. Zina mwa zinthu zomwe zili zofunika kudziwa kuti moyo wautali wautali ndi wotani:
- Zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa malo opangira
- Kukula kwa malo okhalapo
Palinso zinthu zina zomwe zingakhale zofunikira, koma izi ndi zinthu ziwiri zomwe dokotala wanu angasankhe zomwe zingakhudzire nthawi yayitali yomwe mchiuno wanu umalowa. Pachifukwa ichi, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi chiuno amachotsa chidwi cha mtundu wa zipangizo zomwe zimayikidwa mkati mwa thupi lawo.
Kusinthika kwa Hip Implants
Kuika mmalo kumalo amakolo kumagwiritsira ntchito mutu wothandizira wazimayi (mpira wa kuyika) ndi polyethylene yowonongeka, kapena pulasitiki, monga chigawo cha acetabular (socket of the implant).
Poyamba, mutu wa chikazi unali wochepa kwambiri, chifukwa chakuti amatanthauza kuti malo ocheperapo amatha kupaka pakati pa mpira ndi zitsulo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti phindu likhale lochepa. Vuto lokhala ndi zipsyinjo zazing'ono zazimayi ndikuti ali otsika kwambiri ndi mlingo wapamwamba wosokoneza . Pachifukwachi, zazikulu za mutu wazimayi zawonjezeka kuti zipangidwe zamakoti zikhale zolimba.
Panali chisangalalo chochuluka zaka 10 mpaka 20 zapitazo pamene mapulaneti atsopano anapangidwira pogwiritsa ntchito chitsulo chosakanizika chachitsulo. Mitengoyi, yomwe imatchedwa kuti-iron-on-metal m'malo mwake, inasonyeza kuti pang'onopang'ono amavala madiresi m'maphunziro a labotale, anali otetezeka chifukwa cha mitu yaikulu yachikazi yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito, ndipo inakhala yotchuka kwambiri.
Mwamwayi, kuvala kwa implants kunapanga tinthu tating'ono tambirimbiri tomwe timayambitsa mavuto a m'deralo ndi a machitidwe , kupanga zopangira zitsulo zopangira zitsulo zosamveka lero.
Chinthu chimodzi chofunika kwambiri pakupangira mawonekedwe a mphuno ndicho chitukuko cha polyethylene (mapulasitiki) atsopano omwe amatenga nthawi yaitali kuposa ya polyethylene yeniyeni. Kupititsa patsogolo kwaposachedwa kwakhala ndi kugwiritsa ntchito polyethylene yodutsa kwambiri. Ma polyethylene opangidwa ndi mtanda amapangidwa ndi kutulutsa ndi kutentha kachilombo ka mapuloteni a polyethylene kulola pulasitiki kuti ikhazikitse mapangidwe ake a maselo kupyolera mu ndondomeko yolumikizana. Polyethylene yodutsa pamtunduwu yasonyezedwa kuti ili ndi mitengo yochepa yovala kuposa ya polyethylene yeniyeni.
Ma implants a ceramic ayambanso kufufuzidwa pofuna kuyesa kuika nthawi yaitali. Ceramic ndi chinthu chovuta kwambiri, ndipo zipangizo zolimba sizikutha mofulumira monga zowonjezera zitsulo ndi pulasitiki. Vuto ndi ma implants akale a keramic ndikuti adapanga ming'alu yomwe ingayambitse kulowera kuti iwonongeke mwadzidzidzi. Zatsopano zowonjezera zakhala zikuwonetsa zochepa zochepa ndi kulephera, ngakhale pali zochepa zofufuza za zotsatira za nthawi yaitali za implants za ceramic, makamaka zipangizo zamakono zatsopano.
Maganizo Aposachedwapa: Best Best Right Now
Lingaliro laling'ono pakati pa opaleshoni ambiri a mafupa ndiloti phokoso la polyethylene yothandizana ndi mtanda, kuphatikizapo mutu wa ceramic kapena chitsulo chachikazi, ali ndi mbiri yabwino kwambiri. Palinso deta yabwino yosamalira kugwiritsa ntchito implants ndi mutu wa ceramic wachikazi ndi zitsulo za ceramic, koma palibe mankhwala ochuluka omwe akutsata nthawi yayitali pazipangizo izi.
Kusiyanitsa pakati pogwiritsa ntchito ceramic ndi mutu wachitsime chachikazi ndi cholembera chophatikizapo polyethylene choponderezedwa sikunapangidwe kukhala chofunikira. Pali zifukwa zina zomwe opaleshoni opaleshoni amatha kusankha mitu ya ceramic yachikazi, makamaka kwa odwala ochepa, koma zenizeni n'zakuti kuti asanakhalepo palibe kusonyeza kuti pali kusiyana kwakukulu.
Pamene Watsopano Sali Bwino
Nthawi zonse zimayesa, kwa odwala komanso madokotala ochita opaleshoni, kuti akopedwe ndi maluwa atsopano pamsika. Kawirikawiri izi zimayambitsidwa ndi makampani opanga zamagetsi kuti akhale abwino, ndipo angakhale otalika kwa nthawi yayitali, kusiyana ndi implants omwe alipo.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za 2000, chimodzi mwa opanga mankhwala opangidwa ndi mafupa otchedwa DePuy Orthopedics, kugawidwa kwa Johnson & Johnson, anadza ku msika ndi kuika mmalo mwachitsulo chosungunula chomwe chinapangidwa kuti chikhale chokhazikika komanso chokhalitsa. Izi zimayambitsanso kuthetsa vuto lopangira malovu m'magulu aang'ono, ogwira ntchito kwambiri. Pamapeto pake, izi zimakumbukiridwa ndikuchotsedwa pamsika, ndipo ambiri mwa odwalawa adatha kuchitidwa ma opaleshoni owonjezereka kuti achotse ndikukhazikitsa m'malowa.
Imodzi mwa mavuto akuluakulu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mawonekedwe olowa m'malo ndi kuti nthawi zambiri amabwera kumsika ndi kufufuza pang'ono kapena ayi. Ngakhale odwala angakhulupirire kuti kulima kwatsopano kwakhala kuyerekezera kwakukulu, ndiye kuti opanga makina ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njira yotchedwa 501 (K) kudutsa njira yovomerezeka ya FDA. Malingana ngati wopanga anganene kuti chipangizo chatsopano "chiri chofanana" ndi zipangizo zamakono pamsika, sakuyenera kupereka deta iliyonse kuti athe kugulitsa.
Kukonzekera ndi chitukuko cha nsalu zabwino zowonjezera nsalu ndizopitirizabe, koma mwatsoka, sikuti njira zonse zatsopano zimapindulira odwala. Nthawi zambiri, anthu sayenera kufuna chithandizo chatsopano chomwe chili pamsika. Kukhala ndi mbiri yabwino kumatanthawuza kuti simukupeza mtundu watsopano wopezekapo, komabe zikhonza kumatanthawuza kuti mukupeza bwino kwambiri.
Mawu Ochokera
Osati wodwala aliyense akufuna kudziwa za zipangizo zamakono zomwe zidzapangidwe pa opaleshoni yawo, koma ena ali ndi chidwi kwambiri. Kuwonjezera apo, ndikukutsimikizirani kuti dokotala wanu wothandizira wothandizila amavomereza zipangizo zomwe mumagwiritsira ntchito popanga opaleshoni, choncho musazengere kuyamba kukambirana ndikudziwitsidwa.
Deta yabwino kwambiri yomwe ilipo pakadali pano imapeza kuti kuimika kwa mchiuno kudzakhala motalika kwambiri pamene mutu wa chikazi ndi wopangidwa ndi ceramic kapena zitsulo ndipo zitsulo za acetabular zimapangidwanso ndi polyethylene kapena ceramic. Zomwe zimapezeka ndizitali kwambiri zowonjezera zimapezeka ndi zitsulo zachikazi zachikazi ndi polyethylene zitsulo zamagetsi.
Sitikukayikira kuti m'zaka zikubwerazi ndi zaka makumi asanu ndi ziwiri, zipangizo zowonjezereka zidzasintha. Komabe, muyenera kusamala kwambiri mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala atsopano pamsika.
> Zotsatira:
> Lachiewicz PF, Kleeman LT, Seyler T. "Kukhazikitsa Zomwe Zilipo Pakati pa Hip Arthroplasty" J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2018 Jan 15; 26 (2): 45-57.
> Atienza C Jr, Maloney WJ. "Mapuloteni ophatikizidwa kwambiri a polyethylene pamtundu wonse wa hip arthroplasty" J Surg Orthop Adv. 2008 Spring; 17 (1): 27-33.
> López-López JA, Humphriss RL, Beswick AD, Thom HHZ, Kuthamangitsira LP, Burston A, Fawsitt CG, Hollingworth W, Higgins JPT, Welton NJ, Blom AW, Amalemba EMR "Kusankhidwa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito: ndi kuwonetsa meta-analytical "BMJ. 2017 Nov 2; 359: j4651.