Mbiri, Maudindo, Udindo ndi Ubale
Mapepalawa ndi olankhula za Chilankhulo cha Chinenero (SL) kwa Anthu Osamva. Amapenda mbiri, maudindo, maudindo ndi maubwenzi a SL Otanthauzira ndi ogwira ntchito awo ogontha. Ubwino ndi zosokoneza kwa makasitomala ndi omasulira zidzafotokozedwanso. Mapetowa akusonyeza kuti kulimbikitsidwa kwakukulu, kuwonjezereka ndalama, ndi ntchito zozindikiritsa anthu, mwachitsanzo, zikufunika kupereka mwayi womvetsera anthu omwe amamva kuti ali oyenerera komanso oyenerera ndalama.Mbiri ya SL Otanthauzira
Ngakhale kuti kukhalapo kwenikweni kwa womasulira woyamba sikudziwike, zimanenedwa kuti udindo wa womasulira unayamba ndi anthu a pamapanga. Mphanga wosamva amatha kupempha munthu womvetsera kuti azitanthauzira anthu osamva ndi omvetsera, anthu a pamapanga (Humphrey et al., 1996: 91). Lingaliro la mawuwo, wotanthauzira, linakhalapo m'zaka za zana la 20 lomwe nthawi idagwiritsidwa ntchito kutanthauzira kwa mkhalapakati, mthandizi, bwenzi kapena mlangizi (91). Omasulira akale ankawoneka ngati odzipereka, omwe nthawi zambiri anali achibale, abwenzi kapena olemba ntchito. Pomwe nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse idachitika (44), panafunika kuti omasulira a khalidwe lapamwamba adziwe. Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1960, akatswiri kapena omasulira anachokera ku dziwe la odzipereka.Ku Canada, bungwe la "Canadian Hearing Society (CHS) linaphatikizidwa mu 1940 kuti litumikire ndi kuthandizira anthu osamva, osamva komanso ovuta kumva, makolo a anthu osamva komanso ovuta kumva ana komanso kuphunzitsa anthu akumva." Omasulira O SL anayamba kuzindikira kuti anali kupereka ntchito yamtengo wapatali kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1970.
Izi zinayambitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa Omasulira a Chinenero cha Chizindikiro cha Ontario (OASLI) mu 1982. Ambiri Osindikizira a SL amakhala ndi zovomerezeka zoyambirira zomwe zinaperekedwa poyamba mu 1989 zomwe zimakhala zothandiza lero. Chidziwitso chapadera chimakhala ndi magawo anayi omwe amawona omasulira-ophunzira - luso la ntchito monga momwe afunsidwa kudzera mu zokambirana zapadera: Comprehensive Skill Certification (CSC), Reverse Skills Certification (RSC), kutanthauzira Certification / Trans-literating Certification (IC / TC), Oral Interpreter Chizindikiritso: Zowonjezera (OIC: C) ndi Zolemba Zina (OIC: CPC).
Pakalipano, palifunikira kwa Omasulira O SL pofuna kudzaza chisokonezo pakati pa anthu ambiri osamva ndi kupezeka kwa omasulira. Ndipotu, omasulira ambiri alibe zilankhulo zofunikira kuti azimasulira bwino. Zotsatira zake, nthawi zambiri zimapereka chinyengo chomwe chimayambitsa chisokonezo ndi kukhumudwa pakati pa anthu osamva ndi anthu omvetsera (Humphrey et al., 48).
Otanthauzira Sikuti Amafunikira Nthawi Zonse
Cholakwika chimodzi chodziwika bwino cha dziko lakumva ndi chakuti anthu osamva amafuna kukhalapo kwa womasulira nthawi zonse. Anthu ogontha, pakufunikira, amafunikira kukhalapo kwa SL wotanthauzira pamene akuchita zamankhwala, malamulo, akatswiri, maphunziro ndi zina zomwe zimafuna kutenga nawo mbali kumvetsera. Komabe, kusowa kwa SL Otanthauzira sikulepheretsa kuyankhulana kuchitika. Pali njira zina zodziwiranirana wina ndi mzake kuphatikizapo: manja, kuwerenga-pamtima, kulemba ndi kulemberana mameseji. [Mawu otsogolera: komanso makompyuta, mwachitsanzo chithunzi]Kumasulira Maphunziro ku Canada
Ponena za omasulira a SL otchedwa Canadian Interpreters, maphunziro a Marty Taylor (1988) adanena kuti kupezeka kwawo kwa ogontha makasitomala kudzathandiza otsogolera kuti athe "kukwanitsa kufanana" (38) kwa iwo ofuna maphunziro apamwamba. Pofuna kuthandiza ophunzira onse, omasulira amafunika kuti apeze chiphaso cha katswiri mwachinthu chimodzi chotsatira: Specialist Certificate: Lamulo (SC: L), Specialist Certificate: Zochita Masewera (SC: PA), kapena Masters Comprehensive Skills Certificate (MCSC) ).Ndondomeko zopezera imodzi mwa zizindikirozi zimayambira pakulemba mayeso okhudzana ndi chidziwitso cha wophunzirayo: mbiri ya Association of Visual Language Interpreters of Canada (AVLIC) ndi mabungwe ena okhudzana nawo, zochita za SL Kutanthauzira, ndi chinenero ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu osamva (124). Pambuyo pake munthu akamaliza kulembera gawolo, amayamba kuchita mbali ya mayeso omwe amatchedwa Kutanthauzira (TOI).
Munthu akatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira zonse kwa katswiri wa chidziwitso, amapatsidwa ndi Registry of Interpreters kwa Ogontha (RID). Pochita zimenezi, amalowa pa maudindo ena omasulira SL. Otanthauzira amayeneranso kugwira ntchito ndi osiyana makasitomala osiyanasiyana pazokambirana: gulu limodzi, limodzi, ndi lalikulu.
Maphunziro omasulira ku Canada
Mndandanda wa maofesiwa omwe akupereka maphunzirowa kwa SL Interpreters: George Brown College, Ontario, Douglas College, British Columbia, ndi Red River College, Manitoba. Mabungwe ambiri omwe amaphunzitsa maphunziro a SL Interpreters amakakamizidwa kutseka chifukwa cha kulephera kukopa ndi kusunga manambala a m'kalasi. Chinthu chimodzi chomwe chimapangitsa makoloni kupereka mapulogalamu a SL ndi chiwerengero chochepa cha ophunzira. Chiwerengero cha ophunzira omwe akulephereka kapena kutaya pulogalamuyi chikukhudzana ndi msinkhu wopanikizika wophatikizapo kuphunzira Chilankhulo cha Chizindikiro cha American (ASL) panthawi imodzimodzi monga kumvetsetsa momwe mungamasulire m'Chingelezi ndi visa-ver-versa. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti ASL ndi "chilankhulo chowonetsera ndi galamala yake ndi ma syntax omwe ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi Chingerezi." Momwemo, mavuto a kukhala wotanthauzira SL ndi abwino kwambiri omwe amachititsa kuti ophunzira ambiri a SL asasiye maphunziro awo ndi kusiya ntchito zawo.David Howell (2003) akufotokoza zovuta za maphunziro omwe akukumana nawo pofotokoza za kutseka kwa pulogalamu ya SL Interpreter ku Grant MacEwan Community College: "Sabata yatha, Grant MacEwan College adalengeza kuti pulogalamu yake yomasulira chinenero cha manja idzatha pamene gulu la ophunzira khumi omaliza mwezi uno.
'Ndondomeko yotsika mtengo ndi yosafunika,' spokesman a koleji Michelle Leveille adanena panthawiyo. Kudulidwa ndi gawo la khama la koleji kuti liwononge ndalama zokwana madola 2 miliyoni m'chaka chomwecho. "(Cityplus, June 5, 2003. Potsatira njira yosungira ndalama, komanso kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa ndalama za boma pa mapulogalamu amenewa, makoluni ena ambiri a ku Canada atseka mapulogalamu awo a SL, mwachitsanzo: Sheridan College, Ontario, University of St. Mary, Nova Scotia, ndi Cambrian College, Ontario.
Zina Zopinga kwa SL Kutanthauzira Omaliza Maphunziro
Ophunzira amene amaliza maphunzirowo amakumana ndi vuto linalake pamene ayamba ntchito zawo-kusowa ntchito zamunda, chizindikiritso sichimatanthauzira womasulira wokonzekera chilango. Chiwerengero chochepa cha omaliza maphunzirowa, osadzipangira okha, sichidzikonzekeretsa kukhala monga SL Interpreters.Omaliza maphunziro a SL Otanthauzira akufuna mapulogalamu othandiza omaliza maphunziro pantchito.
Pofika pamapeto pake, ambiri amapita ku maphunziro apamwamba kuti akapeze zidziwitso zofunikira kuti azichita bwino mmunda wawo. Kuti akwaniritse izi, amafuna kudziwa zambiri za anthu osamva, English ndi ASL kapena Canadian Sign Language (CSL). Malingana ndi Humphrey et al., Odziwa kumasulira SL ali ndi "Bachelor's kapena Master's degree" (369).
Komabe, olembawo akunena kuti kupambana kwa omaliza maphunziro kumaphatikizapo awo a zaka zapamwamba, pafupifupi 10 peresenti ya iwo omwe analembetsa kale.
Kuperewera kwa boma, bizinesi ndi ndalama zapadera kuti apititse patsogolo kuphunzitsa, kuphunzitsa ndi kupereka oyenerera Omasulira O SL akulephera zosowa, zolakalaka ndi ufulu wa anthu osamva omwe akuyesetsa kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso wachikhalidwe.
Omasulira O SL ndi maudindo
Malinga ndi Ron Hahn (chaka cha 1996), anthu ambiri omasulira mabuku a SL "amatha kumasulira luso lolimba," zomwe zimawathandiza kukhala ndi mbiri yake (12). Pochita ntchito ngati akatswiri odziwika bwino, SL Otanthauzira ali ndi udindo wotsogolera kuyankhulana pakati pa ogwiritsa ntchito chinenero chamanja (osamva ndi omvera kwambiri) ndi osagwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro (kumva). Pambuyo pake, mawu, wotanthauzira, amatanthauza munthu amene amamasulira pakati pa anthu awiri kapena kuposerapo ndi njira zina zoyankhulirana kapena omwe amalankhula zinenero zosiyanasiyana.Omasulira oyenerera amayesetsa kugwedeza ndi kujowina maiko awiri pamodzi-kumva ndi osamva. Ngakhale kuti maudindo a SL Otanthauzira akuyambira pa kumasulira chidziwitso kwa omvetsera ndi Osowa makasitomala, "vuto la chinenero limayambitsa mikangano yaikulu pakati pa omasulira, akuluakulu a sukulu, ndi ophunzira osamva" (Lane et al., 1999: 259).
Ndi udindo wa SL Interpreters kuti atsimikizidwe kuti chidziwitsochi chikufotokozedwa momveka bwino kwa onse awiri, kuphatikizapo mawu a ASL komanso momwe akufotokozera.
Ponena za mavuto omwe akufalitsidwa kwa onse awiriwa, Bob, yemwe ndi wodziwa kumasulira SL, akuyankha kuti: "Nthaŵi zambiri ndikutanthauzira ntchito pali chiyambi choyamba, pakati ndi kutha kwa udindo wanga monga womasulira" (" Mafunso, "19 February 2006). Mawu a Bob akusonyeza momwe mgwirizano pakati pa SL Interpreters ndi Otukuka Magulu amayesetsa kutsata njira yoyenera, yotsimikiziranso kuti kumasulira kwa chidziwitso kuli kosavuta.
Izi zikuthandizira kuti Lane et al alangize kuti onse a SL Interpreters, pokhala akugwira ntchito ndi makasitomala a Deaf, ayenera "kukhala ndi luso [lomwe] likufuna kudziwa zambiri za ASL" (258).
Kudziwa ndi luso la SL Otanthauzira ndilofunikira makamaka pamene ogontha ogula akupeza kuti ali m'mavuto omwe amafuna kulankhulana bwino. Mwachitsanzo, anthu ogontha akakhala pazifukwa zomwe zimagwirizana ndi lamulo, thandizo la ana kapena zovuta zachipatala.
Kuti akhale wotanthauzira, munthu ayenera kukhala wozindikira mwachikhalidwe komanso wokhala ngati mkhalapakati pakati pa anthu osamva ndi omvera. Munthu akakhala wotanthauzira, amadziwa kulankhulana komwe kumachitika mdziko lonse-English ndi ASL-pamene maphwando ena sali.
Motero, "luso la womasulira ndi chidziwitso chimasiyana mosiyanasiyana" (257), chomwe chiri chifukwa chachikulu chomwe amamva makasitomala amafuna kupeza oyenerera, oyenerera, omasulira SL. Ayenera kuti adziwe zochokera m'mabuku awo m'njira zothandiza kuti athe kutanthauzira muzochitika zilizonse, monga misonkhano, misonkhano, masukulu, makhoti amilandu kapena zipatala.Otanthauzira ndi Ophunzira Koma Anthu Okha
Wojambula wogontha, Lola, akuwombera SL Omasulira monga akatswiri chifukwa amakhulupirira kuti "akuchita ntchito yabwino, ndipo ali okoma kupita ku koleji kuti akaphunzire kumasulira kwa osamva" Lola akupitiriza, "Tikuwafuna, popanda iwo , tidzakhala okhumudwitsidwa, tikuvutika komanso osalankhulana pang'ono. " Kuyamikira kwa Lola kumasonyeza maganizo a makasitomala ambiri pa omasulira oyenerera. Makasitomala ogontha amalemekeza kwambiri SL Otanthauzira, omwe adatenga nthawi kuti amalize maphunziro awo kuti azitha kumasulira.YAM'MBUYO YOTSATIRA TUMIZANI LINKI SINDIKIZANI ILI MU KOPERANI MAPODIKASITI MITU YA NKHANI YAM'MBUYO YOTSATIRA Lane et al., Akunena kuti "ndikoyenera [kwa SL Interpreters] kuti apeze digiri ya koleji ngati atasankha kugwira ntchito mu maphunziro" (261). Komabe, womasulira yemwe ndinamufunsa, Mike, akudandaula kuti, "Sindine makina!" Makina amatanthauza mawu amphamvu omwe amatsindika udindo ndi kutanthauzira womasulira kumasulira zilankhulo ziwiri panthawi imodzi ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamaganizo ndi zamaganizo. Monga momwe Mike akufotokozera, akatswiri omasulira SL sangathe kuyembekezera kukhala opanda nkhawa komanso opanda ululu pamene akugwira ntchito maola ochuluka nthawi zina. Motero, mawu a Mike akusonyeza zosowa za omasulira kuti aziwoneka ngati anthu osati monga "zipangizo."
Malinga ndi Jan Kanda (1990), njira imodzi yowamasulira imakhalabe wodzidalira pa ntchito yovuta, koma yokhutiritsa, ndiyo kugwira ntchito yokonzekera katswiri. Potero, womasulirayo amatsalira akatswiri ake kutali ndi makasitomala ake kuti athe "kuyanjana ndi machitidwe awo ndi ocheza nawo" pamene akugwira ntchito (2).
Sal, wogwira ntchito, amatanthawuza kuti ambiri otanthauzira akuchita zonse zomwe angathe kuti "awapatse mphamvu magulu omwe akukhudzidwa nawo, [chifukwa] kuchepetsa ndi kofunika komanso kusalowerera ndale. Ndikofunika kutsatira mfundozi kuti muthe kukambirana zomwe zikuchitika nthawi zina. Kuyanjana kungakhale vuto ndipo kusokoneza ndondomeko "
Pofuna kunena mochepa, udindo wa SL Otanthauzira ndi ovuta chifukwa akufunikira kuzindikiritsa maudindo awo ndi maudindo awo posakhala anzeru, mwakuthupi ndi m'maganizo akamagwira ntchito ndi makasitomala kuti asamalire bwino kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito kwa makasitomala awo ndi iwo okha.
Ubale Pakati pa SL Omasulira ndi Otsatsa
Pokukambirana za mgwirizano pakati pa makasitomala ndi SL Omasulira, ndikukhumba kuti ndikulemba kuchokera pamalo osasamala: Wopusa, wachikulire, wakuda, wophunzira. Kuti zanenedwa, ndayesera kufotokoza nkhani yanga mwa maphunziro. Gawo lotsatila likufufuza zolemba zoyamba kuchokera kwa ogontha ogula ndi SL Omasulira. Kuyankhulanako kunachokera ku dziwe la anzanu apamtima, oimira zosiyana siyana, ndi SL Otanthauzira Ine ndagwira nawo ntchito zakale.Phunziro la kafukufuku wa chaka cha 1998 likukhudza zokhudzana ndi ntchito: kukwanitsa kuthandizira anthu omwe ali ndi kasitomala mwaulemu ndi ulemu, kulepheretsa zofuna zawo ndi zokonda kuti azitumikira komasitomala, kuyesetsa kukwaniritsa zokhumba za kasitomala mmalo mokhala ndi zida zopangira mphamvu iwo.
Pomwe ndikulemba pepalali, ndinadziŵika ndi phunziro lotsatirali ndikupeza zomwe zimayambitsa kukhulupilira kapena kusowa kwake, zogwirizana ndi gawo lino.
Wopereka chithandizo anali msungwana wa zaka khumi ndi zisanu, "Rose," yemwe ankapita kusukulu ya sekondale nthawi zonse. Pamene Rose adalowa mu grade 10, pokhala ataphunzitsidwa kale m'masukulu osamva, CHS inamupatsa mkazi wodabwitsa, "Pat." Rose ndi Pat anali olemekezana wina ndi mzake zomwe zimagwirizana ndi zikhalidwe zogwira ntchito zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa. Pat anali wachifundo, wokoma mtima ndipo analimbikitsa Rose. Rose, mwana wachinyamata yemwe akuyang'ana sukulu ya anthu kwa nthawi yoyamba, akugwirizana ndi Pat ndipo anali ndichisoni kwambiri kumuwona akupita pa nthawi ya amayi oyembekezera.
Komabe, Rose adatsimikiziridwa kuti Pat adzabwerera kumapeto kwake ndipo adalandira Pat, m'malo mwake, "Beth."
Rose anayamba kuona zovuta pa ubwenzi wake ndi Beth. Mwachitsanzo, Beth nthawi zambiri analibe mtima ndi Rose. Masukulu a CHS, ogontha komanso sukulu ya boma yomwe Rose anafikapo sanamudziwitse za ufulu wake wolembapo. Kotero Rose anayesera kutenga zolemba zake. Pamene Rose ankaweramitsa mutu wake kuti alembere, Beth angakwiyire komanso kuleza mtima, ndikuchititsa manyazi Rose pamaso pa anzako akusukulu. Beth ankasunthira Rose n'kumuuza kuti "amvetse" ndipo asamachepetse mutu wake.
Rose anavutika kwambiri,
anachita mantha ndi manyazi chifukwa cha khalidwe loipa la Beth. Maso a Rose "ankakhala ndi misonzi," ndipo Beth "amathyola maso ake n'kukwiya." Bete ndiye adathyola chiyanjano chake chachinsinsi-womasulira pamene ankalankhula ndi womasulira wina pamasana, kuseka Rose kuti amusonyeze kuti akumuyang'ana zomwe Beth akunena molakwika kuti "mvetserani".Kukayikira kwa Rose ndi kusakhulupirira kwake Beth kunakula pamene khalidwe labwino la Bet linapitirira.
Mwamwayi, anzake a Rose omwe am'kalasimo amamuthandiza kwambiri popeza ankamumvera chisoni. Beth anakhala wofunira wosafunafuna m'kalasi ndipo anzake a Rose omwe anali naye m'kalasi nthawi zambiri ankamupulumutsa kuchokera ku Bet. Mosasamala kanthu za kuthandizana nawo a m'kalasi, Rose adasowa kudzidalira, kuvutika kuika maganizo ndi nkhawa pamene akukumana ndi Beth. Rose, wophunzira wodzipereka ndi wopambana, analephera kuyesedwa chifukwa cha mantha ndi nkhawa zomwe Beth anali nazo.
Potsirizira pake tsiku linafika pamene Pat adabwerera ndi Beth kumanzere. Zomwe Beth adakhudzidwa pa Rose zinasokonezedwa ndi womasulira wake, Pat. Rose anatsimikizira kuti khalidwe la Beth linaphwanya "Code of Ethics" ya AVLIC. Komabe, mbali yovuta kwambiri ya ubale wa Rose ndi Beth inachititsa kuti Rose awonongeke kwambiri ndikudalira omasulira komanso kuwonongeka kwa ntchito yake ya kusukulu pamene anali pansi pa tchalitchi cha Beth.
Zochitika za Rose zimasonyeza zomwe zimachitika pamene SL Otanthauzira SL, monga Beth, sakulemekeza ulemu wake, Rose. Zotsatira zake zokhudzana ndi Rose zinayambitsa kusakhulupirika kwa nthawi yaitali ndikuopa kuti zomwezo zidzakhalanso zochitika mukakumana ndi womasulira watsopano. Koma, Rose anadzipatsa mphamvu podziwitsidwa kuti ali ndi ufulu wokhoza kumasulira SL monga wotchedwa Beth.
Ufulu wa Mnyamata Ponena za Otanthauzira
Ponena za mgwirizano pakati pa makasitomala ndi omasulira SL, Angela Stratiy (1995) akutsutsa kuti makasitomala ali ndi ufulu wolemba luso lomasulira SL: 1) Tili ndi ufulu wolumikizana molingana.
2) Tili ndi ufulu wosankha omasulira athu.
3) Tili ndi ufulu wokana kuvomereza wotanthauzira wosakwanira kapena wosadziŵa.
4) Tili ndi ufulu wouza womasulira kuti timamvetsa bwino kapena kuti timamveketsa ndi iye.
5) Tili ndi ufulu wolankhula wotanthauzira komanso / kapena abwana ake kuti kupititsa patsogolo n'kofunika.
6) Tili ndi ufulu wokhulupirira kuti malingaliro athu pa luso la womasulira ndi ofunikira. (Wowonetsera Wowonetsera: Kodi Mukukhutira ndi Otanthauzira? 3)
Mndandanda wa Stratiy wa anthu ogontha ogwira ntchito ndi maudindo akulimbikitsanso maganizo a wina wogwira ntchitoyo, "Sherry": "Kulemba SL kutanthauzira ndi mbali ya malamulo akuluakulu omwe amachititsa maubwenzi awo omwe angakhale ndi zifukwa zomveka zothandizira ogontha ogontha." Sherry akutsindika mfundo yakuti Othawa makasitomala nthawi zonse amagwiritsa ntchito katswiri wodziwa zosowa za makasitomala. "SL Otanthauzira ayenera kuphunzitsidwa, osadziwika ndi akatswiri." Amakasitomala ambiri amafuna Olitanthauzira SL ali ndi zaka zambiri ndipo amatsatira "Code of Ethics" ya AVLIC.
Katswiri wa ASL / English Interpreter, Martin Koob (1996) akukambirana m'nkhaniyi, "Kuyang'ana za M'tsogolo: Kukhala Mphunzitsi," mavuto atatu omwe amawononga maubwenzi ena pakati pa makasitomala ndi omasulira awo:
- Ngati munthu amene akugwira ntchito monga wotanthauzira sali woyenera kuchita ntchitoyi, palibe chimene chingachitidwe kuti awalephere kugwira ntchito monga womasulira.
- Ngati munthu amene akugwira ntchito monga wotanthauzira sakuchita mwachikhalidwe, palibe njira yowatsutsira.
- Ngati womasulira akuphwanya lamulo pochita ntchito yake monga womasulira, palibe njira yowonetsera kuti asapitirize kugwira ntchito monga womasulira (14).
Malinga ndi munthu wogontha makasitomale, "Elizabeti," imagwera kwa womasulira kuti asapangitse vuto lomwe lingathe kukangana pakati pa makasitomala ndi SL Omasulira. Pofuna kuthana ndi mikangano yomwe ikuchitika, Elizabeti akukhulupirira kuti ndi bwino "kuthana nazo mofulumira komanso mofulumira." Otsatsa ndi SL Otanthauzira ali ndi njira zambiri zothetsera mikangano yonse yomwe imawonekera panthawi yawo pamodzi.
Mwachitsanzo, Manny, wogontha wogontha, akunena za njira yake yothetsera mikangano ndi womasulira wake: "Ndikudikirira mpaka nditapita kalasi, ndikupeze malo amseri, monga pangodya pa msewu,
kuti ndikukambirane payekha nkhawa zanga pa 'izi ndizo', zinthu zomwe sindimakonda ndikuzifuna kuti zisinthe. Ndimapereka njira zina zoti tigwirizane nazo. "Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti omasulira SL ali ndi ufulu womwewo wochitira ulemu ndi makasitomala awo. Mawu a Mike akuti," Ine sindine makina, "zimbalangondo zimabwereza. amazunza ena, koma ali ndi udindo woyankhulana mwaufulu komanso mwakhama.Malinga ndi Cynthia B.
Roy (1995), udindo wa SL Interpreter angatanthauzidwe ngati katswiri ngati wina ali ndi zotsatirazi:
- Kuthamanga kwathunthu m'zinenero ziŵiri (pakali pano, Chilankhulo cha Chizindikiro cha ku America ndi Chingerezi)
- Maluso omasulira
- Chidziwitso chachikulu
- Kudziwa malo omwe amamasulira
- Chisamaliro cha chikhalidwe, ndi
- Lingaliro lodziwika bwino la ntchito (137).
Malingana ndi "Sylvia," SL Otanthauzira: "Nkhondo zambiri zimachokera kwa ogula osadziwa kuti ntchito yanga ndi yani (kapena ayi!) Izi zikuwoneka kuti zimachokera kwa ogula ena akumva kuposa Ogontha. Ambiri osamva amadziwa omasulira ndipo sachita kukankhira malire.
Ena ogula malonda samakhala omasuka ndi ine ndi munthu wosamva, kumene kumva kumakhala kovuta, ngakhale kumakhala kovuta nthawi zina. "
Komabe, malire amatha kuwoloka. Mwachitsanzo, pamene akatswiri amatha kuyamba kusandulika ubale wawo. Izi zimawonekera kwa anthu ambiri SL Omasulira ogwira ntchito ndi ogontha makasitomala (komanso ogula akumvetsera) monga Sylvia akugogomezera: "Mukagwira ntchito ndi munthu wina movuta kumakhalabe wodziwa bwino, wosadziwika.
Simungathe kuthandiza koma mumadziwa anthu omwe mumagwira nawo ntchito, ndipo nthawi zambiri ogulitsa ogontha amalankhula ndi omasulira kuposa anthu akumva (komanso mosiyana), zomwe zimangowonjezera mgwirizano wawo. "
Kukhazikitsa kuyanjana sikuyenera kuwonedwa ngati chinthu chopweteka ku phwando lirilonse chifukwa nthawi zambiri limapanga lingaliro la kugwirizana kwa anthu kudziko lina lofunidwa ndi womvetsera kapena wogontha makasitomala. Kuzindikira kotereku kwa dziko lapansi losiyana kumatheka ndi womasulira. Kutanthauzira kwa munthu payekha, malinga ngati zili mkati mwa zokongoletsera zamaluso, kungapindulitse omvera kapena wogontha makasitomala.
Kutsiliza:
Omasulira O SL amapatsidwa ntchito yokha kuti athe kuyankhulana pakati pa omvetsera ndi ogontha makasitomala. Ndipotu, pamene anthu akumva ndi anthu osamva amalankhula, SL Omasulira sakufunika kuzindikiridwa, koma amawonedwa ngati osakhalako kapena osawoneka pambuyo poti maumboni oyambirira ndi maumboni atumizidwa. Nkhani (ku Canada) zokhudzana ndi Omasulira SL zikuphatikizapo: kuchepetsa boma, kusowa kwakukulu kwa ophunzira akugwira ntchito, kusowa kwa omasulira oyenerera SL komanso zofuna za omvera ndi anthu osamva.
Zida
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