Kodi muyenera kudziwa chiyani za khansara ndi ntchito? Kodi mungatenge nthawi? Kodi maufulu anu ovomerezeka ndi ati? Kodi muyenera kunena chiyani kapena kuntchito?
Kufufuza khansa ya m'mawere kungakhale koopsya pamagulu ambiri, osati momwe matenda ndi chithandizochi zingakhudzire munthu kuti agwire ntchito. Si ndalama zokhazokha, koma nthawi zambiri, inshuwalansi ya umoyo imene abwana amapeza.
Musanayambe kufotokoza za matendawa, khalani ndi nthawi yofufuza malamulo a kampaniyo, kuphatikizapo kupita kuchipatala ndi nthawi yosintha. Zingakhalenso zomveka kupeza wothandizira ofesi amene wayamba kale kuyendayenda ndi malo ogona.
Kuuza Bwana ndi Anzanu
Kawirikawiri, kugawira uthenga wabwino ndi ogwira ntchito sikovuta, koma pokambirana za matenda a khansa ya m'mawere, mawuwa angagwidwe mkamwa mwanu.
Choyamba, musafulumire . Palibe chifukwa cholankhulana ndi bwana kapena anzanu atangomva nkhaniyi. Yembekezani mpaka zimamveka bwino.
Palibe njira yabwino kapena yolakwika yofotokozera khansa . Anthu ena amatha kukhala omasuka kulankhula ndi abwana awo kapena oyang'anira oyambirira, kupeĊµa kusamvana komwe kungachoke ku mkungudza wa ofesi. Taganizirani kukhazikitsa msonkhano kapena masana, kotero mukhoza kutsimikiza kuti mumamvetsera. Komanso, kumbukirani kuti zokambirana pakati pa bwana ndi antchito zimatetezedwa.
Woyang'anira ali ndi udindo wovomerezeka kuti asunge nkhaniyo payekha. Komabe, ogwirira nawo ntchito alibe udindo womwewo.
Kulankhula ndi anzanu za matenda a kansa sikofunikira; Komabe, ogwira ntchito limodzi angakhale chithandizo chosayembekezereka. Si zachilendo kwa anzako kuti apereke chithandizo chofunikira kwa iwo omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mawere.
Thandizo limeneli lingaphatikizepo chithandizo chaumwini pa ntchito, kuperekedwa kwa masiku otchuthi, kapena pulogalamu ya ndalama.
Konzekerani mafunso. Anzako amatha kufunsa za dongosolo la mankhwala ndi zotsatira zake. Musaganize kuti mukuyenera kugawana zomwe mukufuna kuti musunge . Woyang'anira kapena bwana angafune kudziwa malo ogona. American Cancer Society ikusonyeza kukhala ndi ndondomeko mu malingaliro musanalankhule ndi bwana wanu. Koma kwa iwo omwe sali otsimikiza panobe, musawope kunena, "Sindikudziwa, kodi ndingabwerere kwa inu?"
Kufunsa Malo Okhalamo
Olemba ntchito amafunidwa ndi malamulo a federal kuti apereke "malo ogwira ntchito" kwa aliyense amene ali ndi chilema. Malingana ndi a America omwe ali ndi Disability Act (ADA), khansara imayenera kukhala wolumala pamene matendawa kapena zotsatira zake pa chithandizo amalepheretsa "ntchito zazikulu za moyo". Onani gawo lotsatila kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza ziyeneretso za khansa monga olumala.
Malo ogonawa akhoza kukhala osiyanasiyana, malinga ndi zosowa za munthu. Malingana ndi US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), zitsanzo za malo ogona ndi awa:
- Nthawi yoti apange dokotala ndikubwezereni kuchipatala
- Kupuma kwakanthawi patsiku la ntchito kuti mupumule ndi kubwezeretsa
- Ntchito yomasintha
- Kupereka ntchito zina kwa kanthawi kochepa
- Kusintha kwa malo omwe amagwira ntchito, monga kusintha kwa kutentha kapena ntchito zamasamba kumatonthoza
- Ntchito yochokera kunyumba
Malingana ndi EEOC, mawu omveka ndi ofunika. Ogwira ntchito ndi khansa ya m'mawere sangathe kupempha abwana awo kuti awapatse "mavuto aakulu." Mawu akuti "mavuto osayenera" ndi osiyana kwa kampani iliyonse. Koma ambiri mwa malowa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi chilema chirichonse, osati kansana chabe, makampani amawononga ndalama kwambiri.
Kafukufuku wa bungwe la International Foundation of Employee Benefit Plans, lomwe linalongosola za amayi ogwira ntchito ndi khansa ya m'mawere, anapeza kuti olemba ntchito ambiri anali okonzeka kupereka malo ogona.
Ponena za ndondomeko, kafukufukuyu anafotokoza kuti pafupifupi 85% analola wogwira ntchito ndi khansa ya m'mawere kuti achepetse maola ake, 79% amalola kuti pakhale ndondomeko yosinthika, 47% anapanga telefoni kusankha ntchito ndipo 62% amavomereza kuswa kwafupipafupi patsiku kupumula ndi kuchira.
Olemba ntchito adati adakonzanso ntchito yomanga ntchitoyo, kuphatikizapo kupereka ntchito yosiyana (58%), kusintha masabata kapena mapulogalamu ena omwe anagwirizana kale (60%) ndi kugawa ntchito (28%).
Ufulu Wachilamulo wa Olemala ndi FMLA
Pansi pa ADA, khansa ikuyeneretseratu pazochitika. Chochitikacho chimateteza anthu kuti asatayike ntchito chifukwa cha kulemala ndipo amapereka malangizo kwa olemba ntchito zokhudza malo oyenera. EEOC ya US, yomwe imalimbikitsa ADA, imapereka chitsanzo chotsatira cha mkazi yemwe ali ndi khansara ya m'mawere yemwe angayenere kutetezedwa kwa ntchito pansi pa ntchitoyi.
"Pambuyo pa lumpectomy ndi ma radiation a khansara ya m'mawere, wogulitsa makompyuta anali ndi chipsinjo chachikulu kwambiri ndi kutopa kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.Anapitirizabe kugwira ntchito pamene akuchiritsidwa, ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri ankayenera kubwera m'mawa, kukagwira ntchito madzulo kuti azikhala ndi nthawi yopuma komanso atakhala ndi nkhawa komanso akusanza. Anatopa kwambiri atabwera kunyumba kukaphika, kugula kapena kuchita ntchito zapakhomo ndipo ankadalira mwamuna ndi ana ake okha kuti achite ntchitoyi. Khansa ndilemala chifukwa imamulepheretsa kusamalira yekha . "
Ngati mukumva kuti ufulu wanu waphwanyidwa kapena mutatulutsidwa kuchoka kuntchito chifukwa cha matenda anu, muyenera kulipira "pasanathe masiku 180 kuchokera kuchitidwa cholakwika," malinga ndi EEOC. EEOC ikhoza kufika pa (800) 669-4000.
Makampani ambiri amapereka malipiro olemala kwa ogwira ntchito odwala kwambiri kapena ovulala, koma nthawi zambiri mapulaniwa amafuna kuti azigwira ntchito. Lankhulani ndi anthu omwe akuyimira zaumphawi komanso momwe mungasonkhanitsire ngati abwana anu amapereka ndondomeko.
Family Medical Leave Act (FMLA) imatetezanso ntchito za anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a khansa. Komabe, sikuti aliyense amatha kutetezedwa ndi FMLA. Wogwira ntchito ayenera kuti anagwira ntchito kwa abwana kwa miyezi 12 isanayambe pempho la FMLA ndipo agwira ntchito maola oposa 1,250 m'chaka cha kalendala. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, olemba ntchito omwe ali ndi antchito oposa 50 sayenera kutsatira malamulo a FMLA.
Ngati atetezedwa ndi FMLA, mukhoza kutenga masabata khumi ndi awiri omwe simukulipidwa kuchokera kuntchito. Izi zimawathandiza antchito omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu, monga khansa ya m'mawere, kugwiritsa ntchito ulendo wawo "mwachindunji." Izi zikutanthawuza kuti wogwira ntchito akhoza kuchotsa tsiku limodzi sabata iliyonse kapena kutenga masabata awiri kuti amweze kuchokera kuchipatala pamene akusunga masabata otsala kuti adzigwiritse ntchito pa mankhwala ochizira kapena mankhwala.
Zotsatira:
American Cancer Society. Chikhalidwe cha Amishonale Achilema: Chidziwitso kwa Anthu Amene Akuyang'anitsitsa Khansa. Kusinthidwa 11/21/14.
American Cancer Society. Kuchokera kwa Makolo a Zamankhwala ndi Zamankhwala (FMLA). Kusinthidwa 11/21/14.
American Cancer Society. Kugwira Ntchito pa Chithandizo cha Khansa. Kusinthidwa 04/14/14.
Hansen, J., Feuerstein, M., Calvio., Ndi C. Olsen. Odwala opatsirana khansa ya m'mimba. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine . 2008. 50 (7): 777-84.
Neumark, D., Bradley, C., Henry, M., ndi B. Dahman. Kupitiriza ntchito pamene mukupatsidwa khansa ya m'mawere: udindo wa malo ogwira ntchito. Kukonzekera kwa Zamalonda ndi Ntchito . 2015. 68 (8): 916-954.
Paalman, C. et al. Ntchito ndi maubwino apakati pa zaka khumi pambuyo pa matenda a khansa ya m'mawere: phunziro lochokera kwa anthu. British Journal ya Cancer . 2016. 114 (1): 81-7.