Ndemanga ya Mtsutso pa Kufunika kwa Njira Yoyenera
Chosankha cha anthu chimatanthauza kuti boma lingapereke mawonekedwe a inshuwalansi omwe alimi angagule, kulipira chithandizo chawo chaumoyo. Zingagwire ntchito ngati pulogalamu ya Medicare ikugwira ntchito kwa anthu okalamba kapena a VA akugwira ntchito kwa azamwali. Palibe chisankho cha anthu chomwe chinaphatikizidwa mulamulo la Affordable Care Act (ACA) lachithandizo chachithandizo cha zaumoyo cha March 2010, koma akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti zidzakhala gawo la mapepala a kulipira.
Ambiri Achimereka ali ndi lingaliro ngati mtundu wa anthu uyenera kukhalapo, ndipo nthawi zambiri malingaliro awo amapangidwa popanda kumvetsetsa kwenikweni momwe gulu lingagwire ntchito. Pano pali kufotokoza kwina pa mawu ndi mawu.
Kodi anthu angasankhe bwanji?
Pulogalamu ya inshuwalansi ya umoyo idzayendetsedwa ndi boma koma idzagwiritsidwa ntchito monga inshuwalansi yathanzi.
- Kudzigwirizanitsa: Njira imodzi ndiyofunsira inshuwalansi yaumwini kukhala yokhazikika; ndiko kuti, kulipiridwa kokha ndi malipiro omwe amaperekedwa ndi omwe "ali" a pulogalamuyo.
- Ndondomeko Yolipira: Njira ina idzakhala yopereka ndalama zothandizidwa ndi boma, kupyolera misonkho.
- Federal or State Administered: Njira ina ndi yoti chisankho cha anthu sichitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi boma la federal; mmalo mwake, iwo ukhoza kuperekedwa ndi mayiko ena, ndipo akuti akhoza kukhazikitsa zofuna zawo zomwe.
Zosankha za anthu sizinali mbali ya kusintha, kuyambira pomwe, koma ngati asungichuma apadera samatha kusunga mitengo yoyenera, ndikusunga iwo okhala ndi zinthu zomwe zakhalapo kale, zikhoza kuyambitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa chisankho cha anthu.
Ndani angaphatikizidwe ndi ndondomeko ya inshuwaransi yaumoyo?
Pali magulu awiri omwe akutsutsidwa ndi inshuwalansi ya umoyo omwe angapeze mosavuta, kapena kupeza mwayi wambiri wa inshuwalansi monga momwe analili poyamba ACA.
- Choyamba: Anthu omwe sangakwanitse kugula inshuwalansi yapadera, makamaka omwe amagwira ntchito kwa abwana omwe sapereka inshuwalansi ngati phindu, angapeze njira yowonjezera yokhala ndi ndalama zambiri.
- Chachiwiri: Chosankhidwa pagulu chingathandizenso anthu omwe alipo kale kuti agule inshuwalansi yotsika mtengo. The Affordable Care Act ya 2010 (Obamacare) adaonetsetsa kuti gululi silingasankhidwe ndi a inshuwalansi. Chosankha cha anthu chomwe chingasinthe kapena kusintha ACA chiyenera kupitiriza chitetezochi.
- Gulu lina - achinyamata, athanzi - adzatumikiridwa ndi chisankho cha anthu, ngakhale kuti ali ndi vuto lalikulu kupeza inshuwalansi ya umoyo.
Momwe inshuwalansi ya umoyo inagwirira ntchito ACA isanayambe kuti palibe aliyense amene amayenera kutenga nawo mbali; kaya mukufuna kukhala ndi inshuwalansi ya thanzi. Mwachizoloŵezi, izi zikutanthauza kuti anthu omwe adalowa mu inshuwalansi anali anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito chithandizo chaumoyo kwambiri
Akatswiri ambiri ndi ndale amavomereza kuti ngati ntchito ya anthu ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kapena ayi, aliyense wogwira ntchito ayenera kuyenera kugula chithandizo, kaya kudzera pa inshuwalansi yaumwini kapena yapadera, kuti athetse ndalama. Pofuna kubweretsa ndalama kwa aliyense, achinyamata, thanzi labwino ayenera kulipira kuti athetse mavuto a zachuma kwa ena. Madalitso kwa anthu aang'ono, omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino omwe sagwiritse ntchito mauthenga awo angapo ndiye kuti akadzakalamba kapena ngati akudwala, chithandizochi chidzapezeka kwa iwo mochepa kuposa momwe zingakhalire.
Ganizirani za chisankho cha anthu ngati mmene mukuganizira za chitetezo cha anthu. Mukulipira pamene muli wamng'ono, kuti mupeze phindu lanu mukakalamba kapena mukulemala.
Ndalama Yogwira Ntchito Yopindulitsa ya 2010 ikufuna kutenga nawo gawo, ndi chilango kwa iwo omwe sali.
Phindu la Inshuwalansi ya Umoyo Waukulu
Mwina chofunikira kwambiri "pro" ndi chakuti popeza boma liri lalikulu kwambiri, ndipo chifukwa chakuti anthu ambiri amatha kutenga nawo mbali pazomwe anthu angasankhe, mtengo wa zosowa zaumoyo umatha. Izi zikutanthawuza kuti malipiro angakhale otsika kuposa omwe amaperekedwa kwa makampani a inshuwalansi.
Chifukwa chiyani mtengowu ungakhale wotsikirapo kwambiri ndi chisankho cha anthu?
- Choyamba, chifukwa boma liribe phindu. Popeza cholinga chawo ndikutenga ndalama zawo, koma osapindula ndi ntchitoyi, safunikira kupeza phindu phindu lawo.
- Chachiwiri, chifukwa ndalama zothandizira zidzakhala zochepa. Palibe ndalama zogulitsa, ndalama zazing'ono zoyang'anira. Chiwerengero cha mapulogalamu omwe alipo panopa (Medicare, Medicaid, Tricare, CHIP ndi VA) pafupifupi 3% mpaka 11%. Chiwerengero cha inshuwalansi zapadera chimatha kuchokera 25% kufika 35%.
- Chachitatu, chifukwa gulu lalikulu kwambiri liri ndi mphamvu zogwirira ntchito zabwino. Mphamvu zabwino zogwiritsira ntchito zingapangitse mitengo ya mitengo kuti ikhale yochepa pazinthu zonse za chithandizo chaumoyo. Kuonjezerapo, chifukwa amsinkhu wothandizira okhawo angakhale otsutsana ndi chisankho cha anthu, mabungwe oyang'anira okhaokha ayenera kuchepetsa malipiro awo ndi kuyanjana kwambiri, nawonso.
Palinso funso la kulipira msonkho. Zomwe anthu angasankhe zingakhale msonkho wosasankhidwa chifukwa, ndithudi, sizimapeza phindu. Ogulitsa okhawo amakhalapo pokhapokha kuti apange phindu kwa iwo eni ndi iwo omwe ali ndi ndalama. Phindu lawo likanakhoza kulipira msonkho - mtengo umene iwo akanayenera kunyamula ndikuphatikizira pa malipiro awo.
Mmodzi mwa "zilakolako" zina zimatchula; ndiko kuti, inshuwalansi ya umoyo waumphawi ingaperekenso mwayi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti anthu akhoza kusuntha kapena kusintha ntchito popanda kuwopa kutaya inshuwalansi ya umoyo wawo kapena kusinthana ndi ndondomeko ina ya chisamaliro. Chifukwa cha chisankho cha boma, iwo akhoza kusuntha kulikonse mu dziko lawo. Ndi pulogalamu ya federal, iwo akhoza kusuntha kulikonse mu United States. ACA imalola kuti zikhale zotheka, koma munthu angasinthe kupita ku dongosolo lina ngati akusintha ntchito kapena akusamuka. Pokhala ndi mwayi wotsatsa anthu, sipangakhale kusowa kosintha ku dongosolo lina, kuthetsa vuto losankha ndondomeko yatsopano.
Kutaya kwa Inshuwalansi ya Umoyo Wathanzi
Malonda a inshuwalansi yaumoyo onse amagwirizana ndi akatswiri ogwira ntchito zaumoyo. Komabe, zomwe zimakhudza akatswiri potsiriza zimatsikira pansi kuti zikhudze odwala, nazonso.
Ogwiritsira ntchito payekha a zaumoyo akudandaula kuti chisankho cha pagulu, chifukwa chimawononga ndalama zochepa, ndipo chifukwa chakuti chikanakhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu yolankhulana, angawachotse ntchito. Iwo sangathe kukwanitsa kusamalira mautumiki awo kapena kupitiriza kulipira awo oyang'anira. Kuwonjezera apo, amachititsa mantha omwe pamapeto pake anthu ambiri angapite kumalo ena onse, kuti United States ikhoza kukhala ndi malipiro amodzi .
Othandizira amakhudzidwanso ndi zosankha za anthu. Mphamvu yaikulu yokambiranayi ikanikakamiza otsika mtengo kwa odwala, koma zambiri za mtengo wotsikazo zidzanyamulidwa ndi othandizira. Madokotala akuwopa kuti adzabwezeredwa pamitengo yochepa kuposa momwe aliri tsopano.
Okonza chisamaliro cha chithandizo chaumoyo akuwonetsa kuti madokotala omwe adzalandira malipiro amtunduwu angapangitse madokotala ndi othandizira ambiri kukana odwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito njira iliyonse yomwe anthu amagula, kuphatikizapo Medicare, Medicaid, TriCare, VA, ndi CHIP.
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