Kukwapulika kungaoneke ngati chinthu chosadziŵika. Ndipo, makamaka, sizingatheke. Palibe amene angadziwe nthawi yomwe sitiroko idzachitike. Koma pali njira zina zodziwira ngati mukutheka kapena mukudwala sitiroko. Zoyezetsa zina zosavuta, komanso ngakhale mayesero angapo omwe mungadzipangire nokha angakuthandizeni kudziwa ngati muli pachiopsezo chowopsya.
Kudziwa kuti ndibwino kuti mukhale ndi stroke n'kofunika chifukwa chakuti zinthu zambiri zomwe zimawopsya zimasintha kapena kusintha pang'ono. Mayesero otsatirawa angathe kukuthandizani kupeza mtundu umene muyenera kuchita kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu.
Kuthamanga kwa Mtima
Dokotala wanu atamvera mtima wanu pogwiritsa ntchito stethoscope, kumveka komwe mtima wanu umapangitsa kungathandize dokotala kudziwa ngati muli ndi vuto lomwe limakhudza mtima wanu wamagetsi kapena ngati muli ndi chiwerengero chosasinthasintha cha mtima wanu. Mavuto a mtima wa valve ndi mavuto amtima amadziwika kuti amachititsa kuzimitsa magazi. Mwamwayi, matenda a valve ya mtima ndi zovuta za mtima zimakhala zochiritsidwa zikadziwika.
Nthawi zina, ngati muli ndi phokoso la mtima, mungafunikire kufufuzidwa ndi mayeso ena a mtima, monga electrocardiogram (EKG) kapena echocardiogram.
EKG
An EKG amawunika mtima wanu pogwiritsa ntchito timagulu ting'onoting'ono ta zitsulo zomwe zimapezeka pachikopa. Kuyesedwa kopweteka, EKG siimaphatikizapo singano kapena jekeseni ndipo sikufuna kuti mutenge mankhwala alionse. Mukakhala ndi EKG, mafunde amapangidwa ndi makompyuta amapangidwa, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi mtima wanu.
Ndondomekoyi, yomwe ingasindikizidwe pamapepala, imauza madokotala zofunika zambiri zokhudza momwe mtima wanu ukugwirira ntchito. Kutentha kwa mtima kosasinthasintha kapena mtima wosasinthasintha mu mtima kungakuike pangozi ya kupweteka.
Chimodzi mwa zizoloŵezi za mtima wamba, zosakanikirana ndi magazi, zimawonjezera kupanga magazi omwe angayende kupita ku ubongo, kuchititsa kupweteka. Matenda a atrial ndi achilendo ndipo ndi mtima wosachiritsika. Nthawi zina, anthu amene amapezeka kuti ali ndi matenda a atrial amafunika kutenga ochepa magazi kuti achepetse mwayi wokhala ndi stroke.
Echocardiogram
Kapepala ka echocardiogram si yowoneka ngati mayesero ena mndandandawu. Katswiri wa zojambulajambula samayesedwa ngati kuyezetsa kuyesa, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa mavuto angapo a mtima omwe sungakhoze kufufuzidwa mokwanira ndi kuthamanga kwa mtima ndi EKG. Katswiri wina wotchedwa echocardiogram ndi mtundu wa mtima ultrasound umene umagwiritsidwa ntchito kusunga kayendedwe ka mtima. Ndi chithunzithunzi chosuntha cha mtima wanu mukuchitapo kanthu, ndipo sichifuna singano kapena jekeseni. Kafukufuku wamakono amatenga nthawi yaitali kuti athe kumaliza kuposa EKG. Ngati muli ndi echocardiogram, dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni kukambirana ndi katswiri wa cardiologist, yemwe ndi dokotala yemwe amadziwitsa ndi kuyang'anira matenda a mtima.
Kupanikizika kwa Magazi
Anthu oposa 3/4 mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a stroke ali ndi vuto la kuthamanga kwa magazi, lomwe lakhala likudziwika kale ngati kuthamanga kwa magazi kuposa 140mmHg / 90 mmHg. Malangizo atsopano atsopano ochizira matenda opatsirana amapereka mankhwala othandizira kuthamanga kwa magazi pafupipafupi 120 mmHg. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati mwauzidwa kale kuti muli ndi 'borderline' yowonjezera kuthamanga, kuthamanga kwanu kwa magazi kungapangidwe m'gulu la matenda oopsa. Ndipo, ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kuti muthe kuthamanga kwa magazi, mungafunike kusintha kusintha kwa mlingo wanu wa mankhwala kuti mufike ku tanthauzo latsopano la kuthamanga kwa magazi.
Kuthamanga kwa magazi kumatanthawuza kuti kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakhala kwanthawi yaitali. Patapita nthawi, izi zimayambitsa matenda a mitsempha ya m'mtima, mitsempha yamakono komanso mitsempha ya m'mitsempha , yomwe imayambitsa matenda. Kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi matenda ochiritsidwa. Anthu ena ali ndi chiwerengero cha matenda oopsa kwambiri, ndipo pali zinthu zina zomwe zimayambitsa matenda oopsa kwambiri. Kuthamanga kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi kumaphatikizapo kuyendetsa zakudya, kuchepetsa mchere, kuyang'anira kulemera, kupsinjika maganizo ndi mankhwala a mphamvu.
Kusokonezeka kwa karotidi
Muli ndi mitsempha yambiri, yotchedwa mitsempha ya carotid, m'khosi mwanu. Mitsempha ya carotid imapereka magazi ku ubongo wanu. Matenda a mitsempha imeneyi amachititsa kuti mapangidwe a magazi apangidwe. Mitsempha yamagazi imayambitsa mikwingwirima mwa kusokoneza kuthamanga kwa magazi ku mitsempha ya ubongo. Kawirikawiri, dokotala wanu angadziwe ngati mitsempha imodzi kapena mawiri a carotid ali ndi matendawa pakumvetsera magazi akutuluka m'khosi mwako ndi stethoscope.
Kawirikawiri, ngati muli ndi phokoso lachilendo la matenda a carotid, mudzafunikira mayesero ena, monga carotid ultrasound kapena carotid angiogram, kuti mupitirize kufufuza thanzi la mitsempha yanu ya carotid. Nthawi zina, ngati matenda a mitsempha ya carotid ndi ochulukirapo, mungafunike kukonza opaleshoni kuti mupewe kupwetekedwa.
Mafuta ndi Cholesterol Mndandanda
Magazi anu a cholesterol ndi mafuta amawerengeka mosavuta ndi mayeso a magazi. Kwa zaka zambiri, zakhala zikukangana zokhudzana ndi 'mafuta abwino' ndi 'mafuta oipa' mu zakudya zanu. Izi ndizo chifukwa kafukufuku wamankhwala wakhala akuwululira pang'onopang'ono mfundo zofunika zokhudzana ndi mafuta omwe amadya mafuta a kolesterolini ndi triglycerides m'magazi. Anthu ena amadziwika kwambiri ku mafuta akulu ndi ma kolesterolini chifukwa cha majini. Komabe, mitsempha yapamwamba ya triglycerides ndi LDL cholesterol ndizoopsa kwa stroke, mosasamala kanthu kuti chifukwa chake ndi chibadwa kapena zakudya. Izi zili choncho chifukwa mafuta ambiri ndi mafuta a mitsempha angayambitse matenda opatsirana ndipo amathandizira kupanga mapangidwe a magazi, omwe amachititsa kukwapulidwa ndi matenda a mtima.
Zotsatira zamakono za mafuta abwino kwambiri a mafuta ndi ma cholesterol ndi awa:
* Pansi pa 150 mg / dL kwa triglycerides
* Pansi pa 100 mg / dL ya LDL
* Pamwamba pa 50 mg / dl kwa HDL
* M'munsikati ya 200 mg / dL kwa kolesterolo yathunthu
Pezani zambiri za mafuta anu abwino ndi mafuta a cholesterol ndipo phunzirani zambiri za malangizo omwe alipo potsatira mafuta ndi cholesterol . Ngati mwatulutsa mafuta ndi mafuta a kolesterolini, muyenera kudziwa kuti zotsatirazi ndizomwe zingatheke komanso kuti mutha kuchepetsa zakudya, zolimbitsa thupi komanso mankhwala.
Magazi Sugar
Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amakhala awiri kapena katatu odwala matendawa. Komanso, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amakhala ndi kachilombo msinkhu kusiyana ndi omwe sali odwala matenda a shuga. Pali mayesero ambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeza shuga ya magazi. Mayesowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa ngati muli ndi shuga kapena matenda a shuga oyambirira.
Kuyeza magazi kwa shuga m'magazi kumapanga mlingo wa magazi m'magazi musanathe maola 8-12 akusala kudya ndi zakumwa. Kuyezetsa magazi, mayeso a hemoglobini A1c, kumayang'ana momwe thupi lanu limakhudzira thupi lanu pakapita masabata 6-12 musanayambe magazi. Kusakaniza shuga ndi hemoglobini A1c zotsatira zowunika zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kudziwa ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga a m'malire, matenda a shuga oyambirira, kapena matenda a shuga osatetezedwa. Matenda a shuga ndi matenda ochiritsidwa omwe angathe kusamalidwa ndi zakudya, mankhwala kapena onse awiri.
Kudzikonda Kwakukha
Izi sizomwe zimakhala zovuta kwambiri chifukwa zimatsimikizira ngati simungathe kuchita nawo nthawi zonse. Izi zimaphatikizapo luso lanu lochita ntchito monga kuvala, kutsuka mano, kusamba, kusamalira ukhondo wanu ndi kudyetsa nokha. Kufooka kwokhoza kusamaliza ntchitoyi mosamalitsa kwawonetsedwa kukhala stroke predictor. Choncho, muyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu ngati mwazindikira kuti inuyo kapena wokondedwa wanu akuchepa pang'onopang'ono kuthetsa chisamaliro chanu. Mukhoza kufufuza kuti mudziwe zambiri za momwe kudziperekera kungagwiritsidwe ntchito poyesa chiopsezo chanu cha sitiroko .
Kuyenda Mofulumira
Kafukufuku wina wa sayansi kuchokera ku College of Medicine ya Albert Einstein yemwe adawona liwiro loyenda la amayi 13,000 adapeza kuti iwo omwe anali ndi liwiro lochedwa kwambiri kuposa onse omwe anali ndi liwiro loposa lija omwe anali ndi liwiro loyenda mofulumira kwambiri. Kuyenda kumadalira pazinthu zingapo monga mphamvu ya minofu, kugwirizana, kulingalira komanso mtima ndi mapapo. Choncho, ngakhale pangakhalebe phindu loti 'lifulumizitse' kuyenda kwanu kuti muthamangitse, kuyenda pang'onopang'ono ndi mbendera yofiira yomwe ingasonyeze kuti pangakhale chiopsezo cha kupweteka.
Kuyenda koyendetsedwe kogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Albert Einstein College of Medicine kunatanthawuza liwiro loyenda mofulumira monga mamita 1.24 pamphindi, msinkhu woyenda wamba ngati 1.06-1.24 mamita pamphindi ndi msinkhu wopita pang'onopang'ono mofulumira kwambiri kuposa mamita 1.06 pamphindi.
Kuima pa Mmodzi Mmodzi
Ofufuza a ku Japan atulutsa zotsatira za kafukufuku wa sayansi omwe anamaliza kuti kukhala wokhoza kuima pamtunda umodzi kwautali kuposa masekondi makumi asanu ndi awiri ndi chizindikiro china chomwe chingathe kudziwa mwayi wa munthu wokhala ndi stroke. Phunzirolo linapeza kuti akuluakulu omwe sankatha kuima pamlendo umodzi kwa masekondi makumi awiri ndi awiri amakhala ndi mbiri ya zikwapu zamkati. Kukwapula kwapadera ndi matenda omwe sagwilitsila nchito zizindikilo za thupi, koma akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatira zofatsa kapena zosadziŵika monga kufooka kwa kulingalira, kukumbukira, ndi kudzidalira. Kawirikawiri, zotsatira zachinsinsi za stroke osadziwika zimakhala zosazindikirika, motero munthu amene wakhala akukwapulidwa mwakachetechete nthawi zambiri samadziwa za iwo. Koma, ngati mwakhala ndi stroke, mwachidule mumakhala kuti muli pachiopsezo kuti muyambe kuchitapo kanthu kuti muyankhule ndi dokotala wanu za njira zomwe zingachepetse mwayi wanu wopeza sitiroko. Kuonjezerapo, pali zizoloŵezi zamakhalidwe zomwe zingachepetse mwayi wokhala ndi stroke.
Zotsatira:
Kusiyanitsa kwa kugonana kwapangidwe ka kupwetekedwa kwa ischemic: zochitika panopo, Alyana A Samai ndi Sheryl Martin-Schild, Vascular Health ndi Risk Management, July 2015
Kuyenda mofulumira komanso chiopsezo chazochitika ndizochitika pakati pa amayi omwe amachititsa amayi, McGinn AP, Kaplan RC, Verghese J, Rosenbaum DM, Psychi BM, Baird AE, Lynch JK, Wolf PA, Kooperberg C, Larson JC, Wassertheil-Smoller S, Stroke, 2008