Lymphoma ndi khansa ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagazi oyera omwe amadziwika kuti lymphocytes. MALT lymphoma ndi mawonekedwe osadziwika bwino omwe si a Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) . MALT imayimira "mucosa-associated lymphoid minofu." Mosiyana ndi ma lymphomas ambiri omwe amayamba kukula m'kati mwa maselo am'mimba, mtundu wa lymphoma umakhala wochokera ku minofu yomwe ilipo mu ziwalo zina za thupi.
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma lymphocytes, ndipo munthu akhoza kukhala ndi lymphoma mwa mitundu iri yonseyi. Pali B-lymphocytes ndi T lymphocytes, mwachitsanzo, ndipo motero, pali B-cell lymphomas ndi T-cell lymphomas. MALT lymphoma imadziwikiranso kuti ndi "mbali yowonjezera ya B-cell lymphoma," yomwe imasonyeza kuti ndi mtundu wa B-cell osati Hodgkin lymphoma yomwe imachokera ku ziwalo zam'mimba koma ziwalo zina.
Kukula
MALT lymphomas ndi mbiri yokha ya 5% ya onse omwe si a Hodgkin. Zimakhala zachilendo kwa okalamba koma zikhoza kuchitika pazaka makumi awiri ndi makumi atatu. Amakhala ochepa kwambiri mwa akazi kuposa amuna.
Zilimbikitsidwa
Chiwalo chofala kwambiri ku MALT lymphoma ndi mimba, yomwe imabweretsa pafupifupi 2 pa mitundu itatu iliyonse. Pamene MALT lymphoma imayamba m'mimba, imatchedwanso "chapamimba cha MALT lymphoma." Koma ziwalo zina zimakhudzidwa ndi MALT lymphoma.
Matenda a m'mapapo, chithokomiro, mitsempha komanso diso likhoza kuthandizidwa ndi lymphoma.
Zimayambitsa
Matenda a m'mimba a mimba amayanjanitsidwa ndi matenda a bakiteriya. Helicobacter pylori ndi mtundu wa mabakiteriya omwe amachititsa kuti m'mimba azidwala mimba komanso amachititsa zilonda zam'mimba ndi zilonda zam'mimba, kapena kupsa mtima komanso kutupa m'mimba.
Kwa anthu ena, mabakiteriyawa angayambitsenso ma lymphomas a MALT. Gastric MALT lymphoma sizinali zachilendo m'njirayi kuti mitundu ina ya lymphoma yakhala ikugwirizana ndi matenda enaake , mavairasi, ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda . Izi zimakhala zomveka mukamaganizira za maselo a mitsempha, kuphatikizapo ma lymphocyte, monga gawo la chitetezo cha mthupi chomwe chimayesa kuzindikira ndi kulimbana ndi zamoyo zina zakuthupi mthupi lathu. Padziko lonse, pafupifupi 20% a khansa ndi ofanana ndi matenda. Zowopsa za ma lymphomas a MALT zimaphatikizansopo matenda a Chlamydophilia psittaci, ndi matenda omwe amachititsa kuti munthu azidwala.
Makhalidwe
MALT lymphomas ali ndi ma lymphomas ochepa. Zimakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo zimangokhala mbali imodzi yokha. Poyankhula za amphmasi omwe akukula mofulumira, ocologists nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti 'osayera.' Ambiri mwa odwala omwe ali ndi MALT lymphoma amapezeka msanga kuti matendawa asafalikire kwa ziwalo zina ndi ziwalo zina.
Zizindikiro
Zizindikiro za MALT lymphoma zimadalira chiwalo chomwe chikukhudzidwa. Pamene MALT lymphoma imakhudza mimba, mumatha kudzimva chisoni kapena mukhoza kulemera; Miphika yakuda imatheka chifukwa cha magazi m'mimba. Anthu ena amamva kupweteka kwambiri m'mimba.
Kudziwa
Kuti apeze matenda a MALT lymphoma, adokotala adzafunika kutenga chiwindi kuchokera ku chotupacho. Kwa ma lymphomas a MALT m'mimba, nthawi zambiri izi zimaphatikizapo kupuma kwapopopi. Madokotala adzayesanso kukhalapo kwa H. pylori mabakiteriya mmimba. Zoyezetsa zina zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa zimaphatikizapo mayesero a magazi, zizindikiro za mimba ndi chifuwa, komanso mayeso a mafupa .
Kusinthana
Kupanga ma lymphomas kumaphatikizapo magawo atatu osiyana. MALT Lymphomas amayamba kusinthana ndi magawo osiyanasiyana, kuyambira pa gawo 1 kupita ku gawo lachinayi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake. Kenaka kalata A kapena B imaperekedwa malinga ndi zizindikiro.
Palinso makalata ena awiri, E ndi S, momwe E imayimira 'kuchuluka kwowonjezera' kapena kunja kwa mchitidwe wamaliseche, ndipo S imaimira kukhalapo kwa khansara mumphuno. Matenda a MALT samawoneka m'magulu amtunduwu, komanso samafala ku ziwalo zina. Mafupa ambiri a MALT amapezeka mu Stage IE, kutanthauza kuti alipo mu chiwalo chimodzi chokha komanso kuti sali kunja kwa thupi. Pafupifupi 20 peresenti ya ma malymma a MALT ali patsogolo kwambiri.
Kuchiza
Kuchiza kwa malungo a MALT kumadalira chiwalo chokhudzidwa ndi siteji ya matenda. Kwa odwala ambiri, mankhwala amtundu ngati radiation kapena opaleshoni angakhale okwanira kuthana ndi matendawa, koma mankhwala ochizira monga chemotherapy amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga khansa yapamwamba ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kubwereranso ndi khansa yoyambirira.
Kuchiza kwa MALT lymphomas m'mimba kumaphatikizapo kuthetseratu matenda a H pylori. Izi zokha ndizokwanira kuthetsa khansara peresenti ya anthu.
Mawu Ochokera
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa chemotherapy kwa MALT lymphomas sikunaphunzitsidwe mofanana ndi maselo ena. M'mbuyomu, wakhala akuzoloŵera kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa mankhwala a chemotherapy omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa lymphoma yapamwamba yochepa osati ya Hodgkin. Nthawi zina mankhwala ophera ma antibiotic amalephereka, pali kugwirizana kwakukulu pankhani yakuti chemotherapy iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, koma silingagwirizanane ndi dongosolo labwino lachiritso.
Zotsatira:
Nakamura, S., ndi T. Matsumoto. Njira Yothandizira Mankhwala a Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma. Zipatala za Gastroenterology za kumpoto kwa America . 2015. 44 (3): 649-60.
Raderer, M., Kiesewetter, B., Ferreri, A. et al. Makhalidwe a Clinicopathologic ndi mankhwala a m'magawo amtundu wa lymphoma wa mucosa-associated lymphoid minofu (MALT lymphoma), CA: Cancer Journal for Clinicians . 2015 Nov 24. (Epub patsogolo pa kusindikiza).