Nthawi zambiri timaganiza za makalenseni monga makina opanga mankhwala kuti athetse mavuto athu. Ndipotu, makina ojambulira amadziwika kwambiri ndipo amapezeka padziko lonse lapansi kuti anthu amawayang'ana ngati zinthu zamtengo wapatali kusiyana ndi zipangizo zamankhwala. Koma lero, makina ojambulira amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti athetse mavuto aakulu a maso a zachipatala. Kwa nthawi yaitali, madokotala owona akhala akugwiritsa ntchito "makenseni okhudza kugwiritsira ntchito" kuti athane ndi mavuto a maso monga filamentary keratitis, zochitika zapachilendo zomwe zimachitika nthawi zonse komanso zofooka zam'thupi ndi abrasions.
Posachedwapa, zipangizo zamakono monga Prokera zimabweretsa machiritso ku cornea kudzera m'matenda amniotic. Mitundu ya amniotic imachotsedwa ku pulasitiki ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga mtundu wa lenti yamagetsi kuti zithandize kuchiritsa cornea. Komabe, ochita kafukufuku ayamba kugwiritsa ntchito makina othandizira kuti athandize odwala komanso chikhalidwe chawo. Mankhwala opangidwa ndi maselo ofunika kwambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda aakulu a maso.
Kodi Maselo Atsamba Ndi Chiyani?
Maselo a tsinde ndiwo maselo m'thupi lathu omwe alibe ntchito ndipo akudikirira kuti asandulidwe maselo odziwika kuti achite ntchito zina. Pali mitundu iwiri ya maselo amadzimadzi: maselo am'madzi a embryonic ndi maselo akuluakulu (nthawi zina amawatcha maselo osakanikirana a maselo.) Maselowa amatha kusiyanitsa mitundu yambiri ya maselo monga khungu, diso, mitsempha ndi maselo osokonezeka. Ma maselo akuluakulu amapezeka m'malo ambiri m'thupi ndipo amakhalabe ochepa mpaka matenda kapena minofu imachitika.
Kenako amasiyanitsa mitundu yambiri ya selo kuti isinthe minofu. Iwo amaganiza kuti akhoza kugawa ndikudziwerengera okha kwamuyaya.
Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, maselo amkati a embryonic amangobadwa kuchokera mu msinkhu wa munthu wa masiku 4 mpaka 5. Pogwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kufufuza, iwo amapangidwa mu labotale ndipo sichipezeka mwachindunji kwa anthu.
Mamembala am'madzi a embryonic amatha kusiyanitsa mu minofu iliyonse m'thupi la munthu, pamene maselo akuluakulu amakhala ochepa pa zomwe angapange. Kusagwirizana kumayenderana ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa maselo amadzimadzi kuchipatala, koma kawirikawiri izi zimaphatikizapo maselo amadzimadzi amadzimadzi, monga maselo akuluakulu amatha kupezeka mwachindunji ndi thupi ndipo samaphatikizapo mazira a munthu nkomwe.
Kodi Zimagwira Ntchito Bwanji?
Zosavuta komanso zotsika mtengo, ndondomekoyi si yowopsya ndipo safuna kugwiritsa ntchito minofu ya anthu akunja kapena zinyama. Mankhwala ochepa kwambiri m'maso a wodwalayo amakololedwa kuti asatengedwe. Amayikidwa pa makina opangidwira a hydrogel ovomerezeka a FDA. Maselo amenewa akuleredwa ndikukula mu seramu ya wodwalayo.
Maselo amathithi amakula mofulumira ndikuphimba pamwamba pa lens yolumikizana mu nkhani ya masabata awiri kapena atatu. Pamene diso iliikidwa pa diso la wodwala, maselo amasamukira ku cornea mu njira yomwe asayansi samvetsa. Maselo anayamba kukula ndikupanga maselo atsopano a maselo omwe angathe kuyembekezera kubwezeretsa masomphenya ndikukonza vuto la maso. Mandala amatha kukhala osungunuka. Palibe sutures ndipo palibe zipangizo zamakono zomwe zimayenera kukwaniritsa njirayi.
Mankhwala am'mbuyo amatha kugwiritsa ntchito maselo osakanikirana akuphatikizira maselo pa diso pogwiritsa ntchito minofu ya anthu.
Komabe, kupambana kwabwino kumasiyanasiyana ndipo kumatha kulephera patatha zaka zingapo pamene diso lochiritsi silingathe kusunga maselo ofunika. Kugwiritsira ntchito maselo ammunsi a wodwala m'malo mwa maselo amagazi angapangitse kuti azidandaula za kukanidwa. Izi zingakhale zothandiza kwambiri pa nthawi imene mabanki amatha kuwonongeka kapena osapezeka, kapena m'malo omwe alibe mabanki amtundu wambiri. Zitsulo zamakono zatsopano zoterezi zimakhala ndi zikwama zopangira nyumba ndi kuteteza maselo amkati.
Kodi Maselo Atsulo Othandizira Amagwiritsa Ntchito Liti?
Ma lens okhala ndi maselo amadzimadzi amayang'aniridwa kwambiri pochiza matenda a cornea , mawonekedwe ooneka ngati a dome pambali kutsogolo kwa diso.
Kuvulala kwa khunyu kumakhudza kwambiri mbali yakutali ya cornea, maselo a epithelial, ndipo ikhoza kuyambitsidwa ndi zilonda kuchokera ku opaleshoni, zipsinjo zoopsa, matenda, zofooka zaumphawi ndi kutupa kwa maso owuma. Zizindikiro za matenda a corneal zimaphatikizapo kupweteka, kuvundula, kusinthasintha masomphenya ndi kuunika kwa mphamvu.
Chizoloŵezi chofala kwambiri chomwe chimachiritsidwa ndi selo wothandizira ndi makuloni okalamba omwe amakula ali osowa maselo osokonezeka. Kulephera kwa maselo a Limbal kungayambitse chifukwa cha kutentha kwa mankhwala, kutenthedwa kwa mafuta komanso kutentha kwa thupi komwe kumatchedwa congenital aniridia. Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti madokotala akuwona kuwonjezeka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lachilendo cha maselo omwe amachokera kuzinthu zina monga ma lens omwe amagwira ntchito nthawi yaitali, opaleshoni yapamwamba monga diso lopuma, opaleshoni ya odwala matenda enaake komanso opaleshoni ya glaucoma ndi pterygium.
> Chitsime:
> Di Girolamo, Nick. Njira Yogwiritsira Ntchito Lenti Yowonjezera ndi Kusakaniza kwa Autologous Epithelial Progenitors kwa Ocular Surface Reconstruction. Kusindikiza , 2009.