Ngati mwapezeka kuti muli ndi khansara ya mapapo osapanga , opaleshoni ikhoza kusankhidwa ngati njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira. Izi ndizowona ngati khansayo yadziwika kale ndipo sinafalikire kumadera ena a thupi.
Pali mitundu inayi ya opaleshoni yogwiritsidwa ntchito pa khansa ya m'mapapo yopanda maselo:
- Kuyanjidwa - Kuchita opaleshoni kumachotsa gawo laling'ono la mapapo pomwe chotupacho chiri. Ndondomekoyi imatchulidwa kuti wedge resection ngati chidutswa chochepa cha minofu chimatengedwa, kapena segmental resection pamene minofu yaying'ono.
- Kutsata Manja - Njira yopaleshoni yomwe imachotsa mbali ya bronchus.
- Lobectomy - Kuchotsa lobe lonse (gawo) la mapapo lachitidwa ndi njirayi.
- Pneumonectomy - Pneumonectomy imachotsa mapapo onse.
Komabe sikuti nthawi zonse opaleshoni ndi yosankha. Matenda ena sangathe kugwira ntchito, kapena simungathe kuchitidwa opaleshoni chifukwa cha zifukwa zina zamankhwala.
Mankhwala Osakaniza Opaleshoni a Khansa
Chemotherapy imaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza khansa kupha maselo a khansa m'thupi kapena kusunga maselo omwe alipo. Ngakhale atatha opaleshoni, maselo ena a khansa angakhalebe, ndipo mankhwala a chemotherapy akhoza kuwonjezeredwa ku dongosolo la chithandizo kuti athe kuwathetsa. Makina ambiri a mankhwalawa amaperekedwa mwa jekeseni mu mitsempha (IV) kapena ndi catheter. Mankhwala ochepa amaperekedwa mu mawonekedwe a mapiritsi.
Mankhwalawa amachititsa khansa pogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi kuti aphe khansa. Zingagwiritsidwe ntchito asanayambe opaleshoni kupita ku zotupa zowonongeka, kapena atatha opaleshoni kuti muphe maselo otsala a khansa.
Nthawi zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphatikiza ndi chemotherapy monga dongosolo lalikulu la mankhwala m'malo opaleshoni.
Njira zambiri zothandizidwa ndi ma radiation zimaperekedwa ndi makina (kunja kwa dzuwa) ndi miyezi yomwe imayang'ana mwachindunji pa chotupacho. Palinso mtundu wina wa mankhwala opatsirana ndi ma radiation (mkati mwa radiation), momwe kachidutswa kakang'ono ka zinthu zotulutsa mavitamini kamayikidwa pafupi kapena mu chotupacho.
Laser Therapy imagwiritsa ntchito njira yolondola ya kuwala kwa laser kuti iphe maselo a kansa.
Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) - Njira imeneyi imaphatikizaponso kugwiritsa ntchito laser. Mankhwala apadera amajambulidwa m'magazi pamene amadziwika ndi maselo onse m'thupi. M'maselo abwino, mankhwala amachoka mofulumira, koma amakhalabe nthawi yayitali m'maselo a khansa. Kenaka, pamene laser ikukonzekera khansa, mankhwalawa amavomereza ndipo amapha kansalu ya khansa.
PDT ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuthetsa zizindikiro za khansa ya m'mapapo, monga kutuluka m'magazi kapena kutsekedwa kwa ndege. Imeneyi ndi njira yothandizira otupa kwambiri omwe sangathe kuchitidwa m'njira zambiri.
Dokotala wanu adzabwera ndi dongosolo labwino kwambiri la chithandizo pazochitika zanu ndipo adzayang'anitsitsa bwino momwe ikugwirira ntchito, pamodzi ndi kuthekera kwanu kupirira. Onetsetsani kupereka ndemanga kwa dokotala nthawi zonse, kuti athetse vuto lililonse limene mungakhale nalo.
> Chitsime:
Chidziwitso cha nkhaniyi chinachokera ku NCI, chomwe chiri kugawa kwa National Institutes of Health (NIH).