Matenda a QT aatali (LQTS), matenda obadwa nawo omwe amagwira ntchito ya magetsi, ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zimachitika mwadzidzidzi kwa othamanga achinyamata. Magulu omwe amawopsyeza moyo wawo omwe amawoneka ndi LQTS amakhala otheka kwambiri pakapita masewera olimbitsa thupi, choncho anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi vutoli ayenera kukhala ochepa. Komabe, anthu okhudzidwa nthawi zambiri sali oletsedwa kuntchito zonse.
Kudziwa chomwe chiri chovomerezeka ndikofunika kwa kukhala kwawo otetezeka.
Kodi Ndi Matenda Otani Kwambiri Kwambiri?
LQTS ndi chizolowezi chogonana chomwe chimachepetsa "recharging" maselo a mtima pambuyo poti "athamangitsidwa" ndi magetsi a mtima. Kuchedwa kumeneku kumawonetsedwa ndi nyengo ya QT yaitali kwa ECG . Kusalongosoka kwa magetsi komwe kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi LQTS kungapangitse mtima wamagayimu (mtundu wa ventricular tachycardia wotchedwa torsades de pointses) umene ungapangitse syncope (kutaya chidziwitso) kapena kufa mwadzidzidzi.
Kwa odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi LQTS, chiopsezo chotenga makondomuwa chimawonjezeka nthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Kawirikawiri, ali ndi LQTS, palibe zizindikiro mpaka munthu yemwe wakhudzidwayo atamva tachycardia yam'mimba (kachiwiri, kawirikawiri pamapeto). Pamene chimbudzichi chimachitika, zizindikiro zikhoza kusiyana ndi masekondi angapo a chizungulire chokwanira mpaka kumadzidzidzidzidzidwa mwadzidzidzi ndi imfa kuchokera kumangidwa kwa mtima.
Matendawa amapangidwa ndi kuyang'ana ECG, yomwe imasonyeza nthawi yayitali ya QT.
Ngakhale kuti LQTS ndi matenda obadwa nawo, pali mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana (yofanana ndi majini osiyanasiyana omwe angakhalepo). Ngakhale kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chakufa mwadzidzidzi, ena sali oopsa kwambiri.
Kawirikawiri, odwala omwe ali pachiopsezo chachikulu adzakhala ndi mbiri yolimba ya banja la anthu omwe adakumana ndi syncope kapena imfa yadzidzidzi, nthawi zambiri pazochita zolimbitsa thupi.
LQTS nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi beta blockers , komanso kupeŵa mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti nthawi yayitali ikhale yaitali. Ngati chiopsezo cha imfa yodzidzimutsa chimaweruzidwa kukhala chokwanira, chophimba chokhachokha chingakhale chofunika.
Kodi Ndondomeko Zambiri Zophunzitsira Bwanji Achinyamata Achinyamata Omwe Ali ndi LQTS?
Anthu omwe ali ndi LQTS akulimbikitsidwa kuti asamachite masewera olimbitsa thupi ngati chimodzi mwa zotsatirazi chikukhudza iwo:
- mbiri ya kutaya chidziwitso (syncope) kapena kubwezeretsedwa kuchoka kumtima
- Nthawi za QT zimakhala zotalika kwambiri (ndiko kuti, muyeso wotchedwa "kayendedwe ka QT - QTc - imapitiriridwa mpaka 470 msec mwa amuna, kapena 480 msec mwa akazi)
Aliyense amene ali ndi LQTS osadziŵa kuti ayenera kuletsa ntchito zotani ayenera kulankhula ndi adokotala.
Kawirikawiri, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi monga bowling kapena golf, komanso kuchita masewero olimbitsa thupi monga kuphatikiza tennis, biking ndi skating, ndilololedwa kwa othamanga ena ambiri omwe ali ndi LQTS.
Popeza kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya LQTS ikuwoneka, ntchito zosiyana zotsatila zingakhale zabwino kwambiri pazinthu zina. Mwachitsanzo, anthu omwe ali ndi LQTS mtundu 3 amawoneka kuti ali ndi chiopsezo chochepa pa nthawi ya masewera olimbitsa thupi kuposa omwe ali ndi mitundu ina; anthu omwe ali ndi LQTS mtundu 1 akhoza kukhala pangozi makamaka pamene akusambira kapena kutha.
Choncho, ochita masewera olimba angaganize kuti ali ndi majeremusi, kuti alole kuti zochitika zawo zikhale zofanana ndi zosiyana siyana.
Mu November 2015, kuchita masewera olimbikitsa ochita masewera olimbirana ndi LQTS kunasinthidwa ndi American Heart Association ndi American College of Cardiology. Akatswiri tsopano akulangiza kuti, ngati othamanga achinyamata omwe ali ndi LQTS alibe zizindikilo (makamaka osati zochitika za minofu kapena syncope zogwirizana ndi zochita zolimbitsa thupi), amatha kuchita nawo masewera olimbirana IF:
Iwo, madokotala awo, ndi makolo awo kapena othandizira (ngati ali aang'ono) amamvetsa zoopsa zomwe zingakhalepo ndi masewera othamanga, ndipo ali okonzeka komanso okhoza kuteteza
- amapewa mankhwala alionse omwe amatha nthawi yayitali
- amapeza chipangizo chodzidzimutsa chotchedwa defibrillator (AED) chokhachokha monga gawo la zida zawo zamasewero
- Akuluakulu a magulu amaphunzitsidwa ndipo akukonzekera kutenga zoyenera kuchita ngati pangakhale vuto ladzidzidzi, kuphatikizapo kuthekera komanso kufunitsitsa kugwiritsa ntchito AED
> Zotsatira:
> Moss AJ. QT Syndrome Yakale. JAMA 2003; 289: 2041.
> Li H, Fuentes-Garcia J, Towbin JA. Malingaliro amasiku ano mu Long QT Syndrome. Mwana wamwamuna Cardiol 2000; 21: 542.
> Ziphika, DP, Ackerman, MJ, Estes NA, 3, et al. Task Force 7: Arrhythmias. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 45: 1354.
> Maron BJ, Zipes DP, Kovacs RJ, et al. Malingaliro Ovomerezeka ndi Oletsedwa Othandizira Othamanga Ndi Osowa Maganizo. Circulation 2015; DOI: 10.1161 / CIR.0000000000000236.