A Primary Progressive Aphasia, kapena PPA, ndi vuto lachilankhulo lopitirira chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa zigawo zapakati, za parietal ndi zakanthawi za ubongo, nthawi zambiri kumanzere. Ndi mawonekedwe a dementia omwe amakhudza kwambiri chilankhulidwe ndi kulankhula. Munthu amati ali ndi PPA ngati vuto lachilankhulo ndilo chizindikiro chochititsa chidwi kwambiri chimene munthuyu ali nacho pa matendawa.
Wina yemwe ali ndi PPA angakhale ndi vuto ndi chilankhulidwe cha chinenero, mawu ofanana, chinthu chotchula, kapena kumvetsetsa mawu. Kulankhula ndizovuta kwambiri kwa wodwala wa PPA panthawi yonse ya matendawa, ngakhale kuti ntchito zina zamaganizo zimakhala zovuta komanso nthawi. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti munthu alibe PPA ngati mavuto a chinenero chawo amachokera ku machitidwe ena osokoneza ubongo kapena matenda okhudza matenda, kapena ngati afesiya imatha kusintha nthawi. PPA, monga dzina lake limatanthawuzira, matenda opitirirabe omwe adzaipiraipira ndi nthawi, ndipo pali mitundu itatu yosiyana-yopanda pake (yotchedwa agrammatic), logopedic, ndi semantic.
1. Zosasintha Zopanda PPA (nfvPPA)
Makhalidwe apadera a kusiyana kumeneku ndi kusowa kwa galamala mukulankhulidwa kwa mawu ndi kuyankhulana kapena kuyankhula mwakhama. Munthu akhoza kukhala ndi chizindikiritso chimodzi chokha komanso amadziwika kuti alibe.
"Kusasowa kwa galamala," mu nkhaniyi, kungatanthauze kugwiritsa ntchito mawu ophweka, osavuta, kapangidwe ka chiganizo cholakwika, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zolakwika zosasankhidwa. Kulankhula molimbika kumapepuka, kumagwira ntchito mwakhama, ndipo sichitha kulankhula mwachibadwa. Munthu yemwe ali ndi mitundu yosazindikira akhoza kukakamizika kulankhula pamtunda wotsika kwambiri chifukwa chovuta kupanga ziganizo kapena kugwiritsa ntchito minofu yofunikira kuti alankhule zomwe akuganiza.
Odwala ena akhoza kufotokozera kumvetsa zomwe akufuna kunena, koma osakhoza kupanga mawu molondola ndi milomo ndi lilime lawo.
2. Logopenic Variant PPA (lvPPA)
Mofananamo ndi odwala osalimba, odwala logopenic angamawoneke akuyankhula mochedwa, mopepuka, koma kupuma kumeneku kumayambitsidwa ndi mavuto ndi kupeza mawu. Munthu yemwe ali ndi kusiyana kwa logopenic amatha kuimitsa kulankhula osati chifukwa chakuti ali ndi vuto polankhula, koma chifukwa sangathe kupeza mawu enieni omwe akufuna kunena. Ndipotu, mawu akuti "logopenia," ochokera ku Chigiriki, amatanthauza "kusowa kwa mawu." Anthu omwe ali ndi mtundu umenewu wa PPA amakonda kuvutika kwambiri kukumbukira kwambiri kuposa omwe ali ndi mitundu ina ya PPA. Pokhala ndi nkhani zing'onozing'ono, vuto lakulankhula lingakhale lovuta kuzindikira, koma pofunsidwa kupereka mawu kapena mauthenga enieni ku mafunso ovuta, anthu omwe angagwiritse ntchito logopenic akhoza kulimbana. Iwo angatenge njira zambiri, zosafunika kuzungulira mpata mu kuthekera kwawo kupeza mawu. Kulankhula kozoloŵera, komabe, kuyenera kusungidwa bwino ndi kulankhula sikungaphatikizepo zolakwika zoonekeratu zovuta.
3. Kusintha kwa Semantic PPA (sVPPA)
Chodziwika bwino cha PPA yamatsenga ndizovuta kukumbukira mayina a zinthu za tsiku ndi tsiku ndi kusowa kumvetsetsa mawu.
Mwachitsanzo, wina akhoza kukhala ndi chilankhulo chowoneka ngati chachilendo, ndipo mwadzidzidzi amve mawu akuti "chivwende" ngati kuti ndi chinenero chachilendo. Kuonjezera apo, anthu amatha kutanthawuza tanthauzo la chinthucho-mwina sangathe, ngati, kutchula ngati chivwende chinali ngati cantaloupe kapena anyezi. Anthu omwe ali ndi zosiyanazi angakhalenso ndi dyslexia kapena dysgraphia (kutanthauza kuti adzalemba mawu monga momwe amamvekera, ndi kuwerenga mawu a foni monga mwalembedwa, mwachitsanzo kuwerenga "yacht" ngati "yachitsulo"). Ngakhale zili choncho, malingaliro ambiri amalingaliro akhoza kukhala osasunthika, monga kukumbukira zochitika za moyo, kuchita zovuta zodzikongoletsera, kapena kupeza njira yozungulira popanda zovuta.
Kuchiza ndi Kupatsirana
Matenda omwe sapezeka, PPA ikhoza kuyamba ngati kusokonekera kwachinsinsi. Komabe, monga matenda opitirira, zidzasintha ndi nthawi, ndipo wodwalayo akhoza kutaya mphamvu zonse zowerenga, kulemba, kuyankhula, ndi / kapena kumvetsetsa zomwe amva. Pakadalibe mankhwala omwe amavomerezedwa kuti athetse PPA, komabe kasamalidwe ka matendawa angaphatikizepo mawu omveka bwino ndi olankhula mawu kapena ochita ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito njira zina zoyankhulirana, monga kujambula kapena manja. Kuonjezera apo, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi PPA amapeza zothandiza kunyamula makadi omwe angafotokoze chikhalidwe chawo kwa ena. Ena amapezanso kuti zothandiza kulumikizana ndi ena ndi PPA, ndipo mawebusaiti omwe amagwirizanitsa odwala PPA padziko lonse angapezeke pa intaneti. Monga kusiyana kwa matendawa kumayambitsidwa ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana mkati mwa ubongo, nkofunika kumvetsetsa kusiyana kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana pofuna kusintha njira zothandizira.
> Zosowa
> Gorno-Tempini ML, Hillis AE, Weintraub S, Kertesz A, Mendez M, Cappa SF, et al. Chiwerengero cha Akhasia Yoyamba Kupitilira ndi Zosintha Zake. Neurology.2011; 76 (11): 1006-14.