Mitundu ndi Zitsanzo za Zizindikiro za M'mimba ndi Zifukwa Zake
Ngati dokotala wanu akunena kuti muli ndi mawerengedwe a m'mawere a mammogram, mwina mukuwopa. Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani?
Mwachidule
Kuwerengera kwa mimba ndi chimodzi mwa zomwe mwapeza pa mammogram , ndipo ndizofala kwambiri. Ndipotu theka la amayi opitirira zaka makumi asanu ndi awiri (50) adzakhala ndi mawerengedwe ena pa mammogram. Zikuwoneka ngati madontho oyera pa mammogram ndipo zimakhala zovuta kwambiri chifukwa cha khansa ya m'mawere, malinga ndi mtundu, kachitidwe, ndi makonzedwe a ma calculations.
Tiyeni tiphunzire za mtundu wa mawerengedwe a m'mawere ndi zomwe zimawapangitsa iwo.
Mitundu
Pali mitundu iwiri ya mawerengedwe a m'mawere, omwe nthawi zambiri amatanthauza zinthu zosiyana kwambiri. M'malo mwa "macro" kapena "micro" dokotala angagwiritse ntchito kufotokoza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ngati yaing'ono kapena yayikulu.
Zolemba
Zolemba zam'madzi ndizomwe zimakhala zazikulu za calcium deposits zomwe zimapezeka pamtambo. Zikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha kusintha kwachibadwa m'mimba mwa amayi, monga kuuma kwa mitsempha yake ya m'mawere. Zomwe zimapangidwanso zimatha kuimira malo otupa chifukwa cha kuvulala kokalamba kapena kupweteka kwa m'mawere.
Zolemba zamtunduwu sizikugwirizana kwambiri ndi khansa ya m'mawere. Malingana ndi American Cancer Society, zochitika zazikulu zimachitika pafupifupi 50 peresenti ya amayi oposa zaka 50 ndi pafupifupi 10 peresenti ya amayi osakwana zaka 50.
Mfundo zochepa
Zokwanira zazing'ono zing'onozing'ono zamagazi za calcium zomwe zikhoza kukhala chizindikiro choyamba cha khansa ya m'mawere , ngakhale si nthawi zonse.
Chitsanzo cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'thupi la amayi chimathandiza katswiri wa zamagetsi kudziwa ngati khansa ya m'mawere ikhoza kukhalapo.
Chitsanzo ndi Zithunzi
Chitsanzo ndi mawonekedwe a microcalcifications nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosiyana malingana ndi momwe kupezako kuli koyipa kapena koyipa. Mwachitsanzo, ziwerengero za eggshell kapena ziwerengero zooneka ngati mphutsi pa mammogram kawirikawiri zimakhala zowonongeka, monga momwe zimakhalira ngati mapulogalamu .
Benign amatanthawuza kuti mawerengedwe si chifukwa cha khansa. Zomwe zimapangidwira m'gulu losasunthika zimakhalanso zowonongeka.
Zofufuza zowopsya zingafotokozedwe kuti sizinali zachilendo kukula kapena mawonekedwe (zonunkhira.) Kusintha monga makina ofanana ndi ndondomeko yamtundu wambiri amawoneka mu khansa ya m'mawere, monga momwe ziwerengero zimasiyana mofanana ndi kukula kwake. Zomwe zimapangidwira m'magulu akuluakulu zimakhudzanso khansa.
Mavuto a Benign (Osati Khansa)
Pali zifukwa zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimayambitsa mawerengedwe a m'mawere, onse omwe ali ovuta komanso omwe amasonyeza kuti akudwala. Zina mwa zifukwa za mawerengero a m'mawere zosagwirizana ndi khansa ya m'mawere ndizo:
- Zosakaniza zokhudzana ndi kuvulala kwa mimba zakale (dystrophic changes), zotsalira kuchokera ku opaleshoni ya khansa yapachiyambi (fat necrosis), kapena chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa chifuwa cha m'mawere
- Mastitis kapena kutupa kumene kumayambitsa matenda a m'mawere
- Kalisiamu inasonkhanitsa mkati mwa mkaka wa mkaka wambiri
- Calcium yothira ndi madzi m'thupi lachiberekero
- Mafuta, mafuta onunkhira kapena mafinya amachititsa calcium pakhungu (ichi ndi chifukwa chake amai akulangizidwa kuti asavale zosakaniza pamaso pa mammograms)
- Kuchiza mankhwala a khansa ya m'mawere
- Kuwerengedwa mu mitsempha mkati mwa chifuwa chanu
- Zomwe zimapezeka mu fibroadenoma (kukula kwamanyazi)
Zotsatira Zotsatira
Ngati mammogram anu akuwonetsa zovuta zomwe zimayambitsa khansara ya m'mawere, biopsy ikulimbikitsidwa. Chidziwitso chimatanthauza kuti malo ochepa omwe amawoneka kuti amachotsa pachifuwa amachotsedwa ndipo amayang'aniridwa ndi microscope kwa maselo a kansa. Ndondomeko yomwe imachitika kawirikawiri pamene ma calcification amapezeka ndi chifuwa chachikulu cha pachifuwa cha m'mawere.
Chidziwitso sikuti nthawi zonse chimafunika ngati pali zochepa - nthawi zina zimangokhala zotsatila. Ndikofunika kwambiri kufufuza mayesero ndi mayesero kuti mutsimikizire kuti mumapeza zambiri zokhuza thanzi lanu.
Kukhala Wovomereza Wanu Ndi Mamemogram Yanu
Madokotala samatchula nthawi zonse mawu akuti "calcifications" pokambirana ndi amayi za mammograms. Mwina m'malo mwake amatchula "zosavuta kwenikweni." Ndikofunika kufunsa mwachindunji zomwe zinapezeka ngati muli ndi zotsatira zopanda pake. Muyeneranso kupempha kuti mudziwe ngati mukuuzidwa kuti muli ndi mawerengedwe.
Musaope kutchula dokotala wanu kapena namwino wake ndikufunseni zambiri zokhudza kukula kapena kachitidwe ka mawerengedwe. Ngati mukufuna kudziteteza nokha ndikofunika kukhala ndi zidutswa zonsezi ngati mukufuna. Pambuyo phunzirani za kufotokozedwa kwa mawerengedwe, funsani kuti chitsanzocho ndi chiyani.
Zotsatira
American Cancer Society. Mammograms ndi Zoyezetsa Zina za M'bambo: Kodi dokotala akuyang'ana chiani?
Nalawade YV. Kufufuza kwa mawerengedwe a m'mawere. Indian J Radiol Imaging. 2009. 19 (4): 282-86.
Park, J., Ko, K., Kim E., Kuzmiak, C., ndi H. Jung. Non-Mass Zilonda Zachifuwa pa Ultrasound: Zotsatira Zomaliza ndi Zowonongeka za Malignancy. Acta Radiologica . 2017. 1: 284185116683574.
Yi A et al. Mavuto Odzidzidzidzidwa Ndi Mavuto Omwe Amagwira Ntchito Mothana ndi Khansa ya M'thupi Patapita nthawi, khansa ya m'mawere imatulutsa ma ARV. Korean J Radiol. 2009. 10 (5): 496-507.
Wilkinson, L., Thomas, V., ndi N. Sharma. Kukula kwazing'ono pa Mammography: Njira zoyenera kutanthauzira ndi kusinthasintha. British Journal of Radiology . 2017. 90 (1069): 20160594.