Ofufuza Akakamba za "Cholinga Choti Achitire"
Pogwiritsidwa ntchito pa kafukufuku wa zachipatala, mawu omwe akufuna kulandira amatanthauza mtundu wopanga maphunziro. Phunziro limeneli, asayansi akufufuza zotsatira za phunziro lawo kuchokera pa zomwe odwala anawuzidwa kuti achite. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, madokotala amayang'ana zotsatira zokhudzana ndi momwe akuyenera kuti azichitiridwa, osati zomwe zinachitikadi.
Mwachitsanzo, ngati munthu ali pulogalamu yachipatala nthawi zonse amatha kuchipatala koma amatha kupeza opaleshoni-kapena palibe mankhwala onse-zotsatira zake zimaganiziridwa ngati mbali ya gulu lachipatala. M'dziko lokongola, ndithudi, cholinga chochiza ndi chithandizo chenicheni chidzakhala chimodzimodzi. M'dziko lenileni, zimasiyana kwambiri, malingana ndi chikhalidwe cha zomwe zikuphunziridwa.
Chifukwa Chimene Zitsanzozi Zimagwiritsidwira Ntchito
Cholinga chotengera zitsanzo chikugwiritsidwa ntchito pa zifukwa zingapo. Chinthu chachikulu kwambiri ndichokuti, pogwiritsa ntchito machitidwe enieni, amangokhala oganiza bwino. Asayansi akufuna kudziŵa momwe mankhwala osokoneza bongo angagwire ntchito mu dziko lenileni. Mudziko lenileni, sikuti aliyense amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala monga momwe akufunira . Sikuti onse amatha kupeza opaleshoni omwe akulimbikitsidwa. Pogwiritsira ntchito cholinga chochitira chitsanzo, asayansi angathe kulingalira mmene mankhwala amachitira zinthu zosavuta kwenikweni. Cholinga chochitira chithandizo chikuvomereza momveka bwino kuti momwe mankhwala akugwiritsira ntchito mu labu sangakhale ochepa kwambiri ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito kumunda.
Ndipotu, chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe madokotala amalonjeza kuti zimakhala zokhumudwitsa kwambiri akamamasulidwa ndi kuti anthu samazitengera momwe amachitira pa maphunzirowo. (Palinso kawirikawiri kusiyana pakati pa odwala enieni ndi ofufuza.)
Zovuta
Si anthu onse omwe amakonda cholinga choyesa mayesero.
Chifukwa chimodzi ndi chakuti akhoza kunyalanyaza kuti mankhwala angathe kuchita bwino. Mwachitsanzo, mayesero oyambirira a pre-exposure prophylaxis kwa azimayi achiwerewere amasonyeza kuti chithandizocho chinkawoneka kuti n'chogwira ntchito ... koma mwa anthu omwe adachigwira nthawi zonse. Zotsatira zonse zomwe zikuwonetsedwa ndi cholinga chochitira zitsanzo zinali zochepa zolimbikitsa. Anthu ena amanena kuti mankhwala samagwira ntchito ngati odwala sangatenge. Ena amati simungathe kuweruza mankhwala ngati odwala sakuwatsatira. Onse awiri ali ndi mfundo. Palibe yankho langwiro. Ndondomeko iti yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito moyenera kwambiri imadalira pa funsolo.
Nthawi zina asayansi omwe amayamba kupanga phunziro kuti apeze kafukufuku wofuna kuchiritsidwa amatha kupenda chithandizo chomwecho ndi njira. (Kuti awonetsetse puloteni, amayerekezera anthu omwe adalandira chithandizo monga momwe adanenera, mosasamala kanthu za kusintha.) Izi zimachitika pamene cholinga chochitira kafukufuku sichisonyeza zotsatirapo kapena zotsatira zake, koma zotsatira zina amawonekera kwa anthu omwe kwenikweni anatenga mankhwala. Komabe, kafukufuku wamasewerowa, omwe amatha kusanthula, amasangalatsidwa ndi olemba masewera. Zingapereke zotsatira zosokoneza pa zifukwa zingapo.
Chifukwa chimodzi ndi chakuti iwo omwe adalandira chithandizochi akhoza kukhala osiyana ndi omwe sanatero.
Pamene cholinga chochitira phunziro sichiri chodalirika kuposa poyamba, maphunziro owonetsetsa kwambiri, asayansi nthawi zambiri amafunsa chifukwa chake. Izi zikhoza kukhala kuyesayesa kupulumutsa zomwe zinachitidwa kuti ndizochiritsidwa. Ngati zikuchitika, mwachitsanzo, kuti anthu samamwa mankhwala chifukwa amakonda zoipa, vutoli lingatheke mosavuta. Komabe, nthawi zina zimayambitsa mayesero ang'onoang'ono sangathe kuphatikizidwa mu phunziro lalikulu, ndipo madokotala sadziwa konse chifukwa chake.
Chowonadi ndi chakuti, kusiyana komwe kulipo pakati pa mayesero oyambirira a mphamvu ndi cholinga chochitira kafukufuku, ndi chifukwa chomwecho cholinga chochitira zitsanzo ndi zofunika.
Kuphunzira kotereku kumafuna kutseka kusiyana pakati pa momwe mankhwala amagwiritsira ntchito maphunziro a kafukufuku ndi momwe amachitira ntchito kudziko lenileni. Kusiyana kumeneko kungakhale kwakukulu.
> Zotsatira:
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> Mensch BS, Brown ER, Liu K, Marrazzo J, Chirenje ZM, Gomez K, Piper J, Patterson K, van der Straten A. Kufotokozera Kugwirizana pa Mutu wa VOICE: Kodi Kuululidwa kwa Ntchito Yowonjezera Kuwonjezeka pa Ulendo Womaliza? AIDS Behav. 2016 Nov; 20 (11): 2654-2661.
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