Chodetsa nkhaŵa chofala cha okalamba monga malingaliro amthupi ndi amalingaliro akuyamba kuchepa ndi msinkhu ndikuti sadzakhalanso okhutira. Komanso, udindo wa "sandwich generation" kusamalira makolo okalamba watsogolera kufunika kwa kayendedwe kabwino ndi njira zothandizira okalamba. Njira zothandizira okalamba kukhala moyo wawo wokhazikika m'zaka zagolidi zikukhala zosowa zawo.
Ngati mumakhudzidwa nokha kapena wokondedwa wanu kufufuza kafukufuku wothandizira angathe kuthandizira kukhazikitsa ngati munthu ali wotetezeka kuti akhale yekha. Mwamwayi, masiku ano pali zipangizo zamakono, zipangizo zamagetsi ndi zipangizo zoyankhulirana zomwe zingathandize kuthetsa mavuto omwe angakhale nawo okalamba. Tikukhala m'nthaŵiyi pamene tisamukira kumalo osungirako othandizira kapena nyumba yosungirako okalamba sikungapeŵe, ndipo "ukalamba m'malo" tsopano ndizotheka ngakhale kwa iwo omwe akudwala. Pokonzekera bwino, luso la sayansi komanso thandizo la banja komanso anthu okalamba, anthu okalamba angapitirize kukhala kunyumba zawo mpaka m'dzinja la moyo bwinobwino komanso molimbika.
Zosayira Zosakaniza Zogwira
Mapiri akuimira chidwi chachikulu kwa anthu akuluakulu, mabanja awo ndi osamalira awo. Mpaka pano, munthu amene ali pachiopsezo chogwera ayenera kuvala alamu ya phokoso ndi kukanikiza batani ngati chintchito chinachitika, akuchenjeza malo operekera chithandizo omwe akusowa thandizo.
Ndondomekoyi ili ndi zofooka, kuphatikizapo okalamba ambiri omwe sali kuvala chipangizo kapena sakutha kukankhira batani pamene kugwa kwachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa.
Mwamwayi, palinso zosankha zowonjezereka zomwe zimapezeka pomwe munthu agwa ndi kuonetsetsa ntchito zodzidzimutsa.
Brad Mager ndi Neal Patwari omwe amapanga magetsi a University of Utah anapanga njira ina yomwe imagwira ntchito ngati njira yopanda waya. Lingaliro lawo ndi lakuti malo a munthu akhoza kuzindikira kugwa ndi kutumiza tcheru ngati chochitika chikuchitika. Njira yawo yatsopano imachokera ku makonzedwe a masensa omwe apangidwa kuti awone mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana a wailesi akufanana ndi malo a munthu mu chipinda. Ndondomekoyi imatha kupanga chithunzi cha 3D cha munthu - njira yotchedwa radio tomography - ndi kuzindikira ngati munthu akuima, atakhala pansi kapena atagona.
Njira yothetsera yankho yaperekedwa ndi Dr. Francois Charpillet ndi gulu lake. Charpillet, yemwe ali mkulu wa kafukufuku ku National Institute for Research mu Computer Science ndi Control ku France, wakhala akugwiritsira ntchito njira yowagwiritsira ntchito yomwe ingagwiritse ntchito matayala abwino. Makhalidwe atsopano, obisika pansi pa matayala anzeru, amagwiritsa ntchito kuphatikiza mphamvu zamagetsi ndi atatu-axis accelerometers. Zayesedwa kale ndipo zasonyeza kuti zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi okalamba omwe akukhala pawokha.
Njira Yatsopano Yothandizira GPS
Kuwonongeka kwa chidziwitso kungapangitse dziko la munthu kukhala malo oopsa, kuchititsa nkhaŵa yaikulu kwa aliyense wogwira ntchito.
Kusokonezeka ndi kusokonezeka ndi vuto lalikulu kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kukumbukira, ndipo malinga ndi Alzheimer's Association, anthu asanu ndi mmodzi mwa khumi aliwonse omwe ali ndi matenda a 'dementia' amadzichepetsera ndikudziyika okha pangozi yovulazidwa kapena kufa.
Kugunda kwa GPS ndi chiyambi chomwe chinatuluka mu 2015 ndipo chikhoza kulowetsedwa mkati mwa nsapato za munthu, kumapangitsa kuti malo ake agwiritsidwe. Chipangizo ichi chophatikizidwa chomwe chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi pulogalamu ya m'manja ndi webusaitiyi, kotero kuti mamembala a banja kapena / kapena osamalira angapeze mosavuta munthu woyendayenda. Komanso, n'zotheka kukhazikitsa chigawo ndi dongosolo, ndipo ngati munthu akuyenda kunja kwa dera, tcheru imatumizidwa.
Wowonetsera ufulu wa GPS, wopangidwa ndi Bluewater Security, akukonzekera makamaka anthu akuluakulu odwala matenda a maganizo. Amakhala ngati wotchi ndipo amalola kuti mamembala awo azitsatira okondedwa awo popanda kuchitapo kanthu. Chipangizocho chimaphatikizaponso phokoso loopseza lomwe lingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi wobvala kuti azindikire thandizo kuti abwere ndi kuthandiza ngati wina ataya. Zida zina zamagetsi zomwe zimatha kuyendetsa zimayendanso. Zida zimenezi zingathe kuwerenga kuchuluka kwa masewero omwe munthu ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu cha dementia kapena amayesa kukwera m'madera atatu. Ndemanga yomwe inalembedwa mu International Journal of Gerontology inapeza kuti sensWatch sensor inali yothandiza kwambiri pakutsata khalidwe la anthu okalamba.
Smart Home Technologies kwa Okalamba
Telecare - chisamaliro chakumidzi chomwe chimathandiza okalamba ndi omwe amanyengerera - nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito masensa osiyanasiyana ndi ma digito kuti awonjezere chitetezo cha nyumba. Nyumba zoyipa, kuphatikizapo matekinoloje osiyanasiyana ndi masensa, amadziwika kuti ndi othandiza komanso ogwira mtima ndipo angapangitse kukhala okalamba kukhala otetezeka kwambiri. Telecare ikuphatikizapo zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zamakina komanso opanda waya, komanso zipangizo zamakono monga zitovu ndi uvuni zomwe zakhala zikuyendetsa bwino chitetezo, zipinda zogona, zipangizo zowunikira, kanema ndi maulendo ofulumira. Mabungwe ambiri a kafukufuku akhala akugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono zamakono, ndipo pali polojekiti yomwe ikuchitika ku United States ndi European Union kuti apitirize kusintha kwa lusoli.
Machitidwe ena owonetsera angathe tsopano kubwereranso pa foni yam'manja, kuchepetsa mtengo wa zowonongeka. Mafoni a m'manja angathandize mitundu yosiyanasiyana yowonongeka yomwe yatsimikiziridwa pa okalamba. Kuyesedwa koyenerera ndi kuyerekezera, komanso kuyang'anira ntchito ndi kuzindikira, zafufuzidwa kale pogwiritsa ntchito foni. M'mbuyomu chaka chino, owonetsa anthu okalamba, Salvatore Tedesco, John Barton ndi Brendan O'Flynn wa ku Tyndall National Institute, akuwonetsanso kuti mafoni angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chida cholimbikitsa kulimbikitsa anthu okalamba, kupititsa patsogolo kuzindikira ndi kuwathandiza mu moyo wakhama.
> Zosowa
> Alzheimer's Association. Kuthamanga ndi kutayika. https://www.alz.org/care/alzheimers-dementia-wandering.asp
> Daher M, Diab A, El Badaoui El Najjar M, Ali Khalil M, Charpillet F. Akuluakulu Otsogolera Otsata ndi Kuzindikira Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zida Zamagetsi. IEEE Sensors Journal , 2017; 17 (2): 469-479.
> Lin Q, Zhang D, Chen L, Ni H, Zhou X. Nkhani Yopenda: Kuyang'anira Akulu Omwe Akutsatira Maganizo Pogwiritsa Ntchito Zowonongeka Zotsatira: A Survey. International Journal of Gerontology, 2014; 8: 49-55.
> Magita B, Patwari N, Bocca M. Kuzindikira kugwilitsila nchito pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo za RF. 2013 IEEE ya Mchaka cha 24 cha Msonkhano Wapadziko Lonse payekha, Indoor, ndi Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC).
> Tedesco S, Barton J, O'Flynn B. Kuwunika Ntchito Ntchito Oyendetsa Anthu Akuluakulu: Kafukufuku Wofufuza, Malo Ogulitsa ndi Ntchito ya Inshuwalansi. Sensors, 2017; 17 (6): 1-39.