Maphunziro a zamoyo ndizopadera za mankhwala amkati. Choncho, dokotala yemwe akukonzekera kuchita zamoyo kumayambiriro amayamba kudzera mu pulojekiti ya mankhwala osungirako mankhwala ndikuyendera macheza kuti apeze maphunziro apadera ndi omwe amachititsa kuti azitsatira.
Akatswiri a zachipatala amapereka chithandizo chamankhwala kuteteza, kuyeza ndi kuchiza matenda ndi mkhalidwe wa mtima ndi mtima, kuphatikizapo mitsempha.
Chifukwa munda wa mtima umaphatikizapo mitundu yambiri ya matenda ndi njira, pali mitundu yambiri ya zamoyo zomwe munthu angasankhe kuchita malinga ndi zofuna zake ndi masewero ake, ndi mtundu wa ntchito omwe angafune. Katswiri wa zamoyo si dokotala wa opaleshoni. Madokotala omwe amatsegula opaleshoni ya mtima ndi opaleshoni ya cardio-thoracic, ndipo amatsiriza pulogalamu ya opaleshoni yokhalapo, osakhala mankhwala osungirako mankhwala monga akatswiri a cardiologists amachitira.
Maphunziro ndi Maphunziro
Kachiwiri, akatswiri a cardiologists amayamba ndi maphunziro monga internists, kuphatikizapo zaka 4 za sukulu ya zamankhwala, kuphatikizapo maphunziro a zaka zitatu. Pambuyo pomaliza mankhwala osungirako mankhwala, woyembekezera katswiri wa zamoyo angalowe mu mitundu yambiri ya ziyanjano za mtima. Kuyanjana kwa moyo ndi zaka 2-3 malinga ndi mtundu wa chiyanjano.
Katswiri Wosamalira Katemera Wosakanikirana
Katswiri wamagetsi wosagwira ntchito makamaka amayang'anira ntchito, kuwona odwala kuti ateteze ndi kuthetsa mavuto a mtima.
Wachiwerengero wamkulu wa mankhwala osadziwika amawona odwala 25-30 tsiku mu ofesi. Akatswiri osagwira ntchito m'magulu samatsata njira; makamaka amayesa mayesero kuti athe kuzindikira mavuto a mtima. Ngati vutoli likuchiritsidwa ndi zakudya kapena mankhwala, dokotalayo adzapereka mankhwala oyenera kapena mankhwala oyenera.
Komabe, ngati vuto la mtima likufuna mtundu uliwonse wa opaleshoni, katswiri wamagetsi amene sali wowopsya am'bwezera wodwalayo kwa dokotala wina.
Akatswiri osagwira ntchito m'magulu amayesa mayeso monga ECHO , mayesero opsinjika maganizo, ndi EKG's ( electrocardiograms ). Chitukuko china chaposachedwapa kwa akatswiri a cardiologists omwe sali ovunda, omwe akhala akupindulitsa kwambiri, ndi mapulumuki a nyukiliya. Mapulaneti a nyukiliya amaphatikizapo apamwamba kwambiri "kamera ya nyukiliya" yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutenga zithunzi za mtima pamene wodwalayo ali ndi jekeseni ya radioactive. Zithunzi za nyukiliyazi zimakhala zogwira mtima kwambiri kusiyana ndi mayesero ena oti mupeze matenda osiyanasiyana.
Malipiro Othandiza Anthu Osayembekezereka Akatswiri a Cardiologists: Pafupifupi madola 400,000 pachaka, malinga ndi MGMA.
Othandiza, Osati Opatsirana Okhulupirira
Akatswiri odwala matenda a cardiologist amachititsa zinthu zonse zomwe sizingakhale zosayembekezereka m'magulu a cardiologists angathe kuchita, kuphatikizapo pang'ono. Akatswiri odwala matenda a mtima amaphunzitsidwa njira yowatengera yomwe imatchedwa catheterization ya mtima, imene imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupeza mitsempha ya mitsempha. Choncho, nthawi yosagwirizana ndi matenda a moyo imagawanika pakati pa ofesi yoyendera ndi nthawi mu "labati ya cath" kuchita macatheterizations awa. Ngati chitetezo chimapezeka, ndi njira zina zowonjezera, munthu wodwala mtima sangathe kulowererapo kuti athetse vutoli.
Choncho, munthu wosagwirizana ndi matenda a mtima angamuuze wodwalayo kwa katswiri wa mtima wa angioplasty kapena njira iliyonse yofunikira.
Malipiro Othandizira, Osati Othandizira Opeza Maphunziro a Cardiologists: Ambiri osadziwika, osagwirizana ndi matenda a mtima amapeza madola 454,000, malinga ndi MGMA.
Ophunzira a Cardiologists
Mtundu uwu wamaganizo umafuna maphunziro a chiyanjano, a 1-2 zaka kuphatikizapo zaka zitatu za chiyanjano cha mtima. Katswiri wa zamoyo amatha kuchita njira zowonjezereka kwambiri kuposa katswiri wamagetsi wotsutsa komanso wosadziwika.
Akatswiri ena amatha kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yawo yambiri m'chipatala pogwiritsa ntchito bulloon angioplasty kutsegula mitsempha yotsekedwa, kapena kuika mitsempha yaying'ono m'mitsempha yowopsya.
Ambiri odwala matenda a mtima amathera maulendo angapo mlungu uliwonse mu ofesi, akutsatira odwala pambuyo pa njira, kapena kuwafunsana iwo asanayambe njira. Akatswiri a cardiologists amatha kumaliza njira zambiri pachaka, kuphatikizapo 300 catheterizations ndi 100 angioplasties .
Malipiro Ovomerezeka a Cardiologist: Malipiro pafupifupi $ 545,000 pachaka, malinga ndi MGMA.
Electrophysiologists (EP)
Njira ina yokha kwa akatswiri a cardiologist ndiyo kukwaniritsa gawo limodzi la zaka ziwiri mpaka kuwiri mwa electrophysiology, yomwe ndi kuphunzira kwa magetsi a mtima omwe amachititsa kuti mtima ukhale wofulumira. Maganizo a magetsi sakugwira ntchito bwino, izi zingayambitse mtima wamtundu umene ungawonongeke ngati sunasankhidwe. Posachedwapa, njira yokhayo yothetsera mavuto osagwirizana ndi mtima ndiyo kukhazikitsa pacemaker. Tsopano, ngakhale kuti izi ndi mbali ya zomwe EP imachita, palinso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya opaleshoni monga ablation yomwe imalepheretsa kwambiri mtima womwe suli wogwira ntchito, komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuti athetse vuto la arrhythmias.
Malipiro a Electrophysiologists: EP imapeza ndalama zokwana madola 480,000 pachaka, malinga ndi MGMA.
Ngati Mukuganizira Ntchito Yogwira Mtima
Chifukwa zimatenga zaka zambiri kuti aphunzire kukhala katswiri wa zamoyo, ndipo chifukwa munda umadalira kwambiri zamakono ndi zamakono, munthu ayenera kudziwa zomwe zimachitika m'tsogolo. Mwina simukufuna kupita ndi "zotentha tsopano", koma fufuzani zina zomwe mungafunike zaka khumi kuchokera pano.
Chitsanzo chimodzi ndi opaleshoni ya mtima. Zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri zapitazo, kupitirira opaleshoni kunali kukulirakulira monga kutchuka kwa njira imodzi yokha yothetsera kutseka. Choncho, madokotala ambiri omwe anapeza opaleshoni anaganiza zopaleshoni. Komabe, panopa pali njira zina zambiri zomwe zimapewa kuperewera kwa opaleshoni ya mtima monga masentimenti ndi mabuloni omwe amaikidwa ndi opaleshoni ya opaleshoni ya opaleshoni, tsopano pali madokotala ambiri opaleshoni akumenyera ntchito zabwino kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti pali ntchito kunja uko kwa opaleshoni ya mtima, ntchito yabwino kwambiri ndi yopikisana, pamene akatswiri a cardiologists amatha kusankha bwino ntchito zawo chifukwa kupereka ndi kufuna kumafuna akatswiri a cardiologists.