Mukakhala ndi ululu wa khutu kapena mukuganiza kuti mwana wanu amatha, mukhoza kukhala ndi matenda a khutu. Matenda a pakati pa khutu amatchedwa otitis media ndipo ndi omwe amamva matenda ambiri omwe amamva. Kukhumudwa, makutu amvekedwe , ndi kumva mosamalitsa ndizo zizindikiro zonse, koma zochepa (zosakwiya, kuchepa kwa chakudya, ndi zina) zingathe kuchitanso.
Matendawa ndi ovuta kuzindikira ana omwe amatha kufotokoza momwe akumverera koma zingakhale zovuta kuti makolo adziwitse ana ndi ana.
Zizindikiro Zowonjezereka
Zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro za matenda a khutu pakati pa akulu ndi ana ndi awa:
- Kumva ululu (otalgia), makamaka mu khutu limodzi kapena pamene wagona pansi
- Kumva kutayika: Zimene zingathe kumveka ngati kuti mukuvala khutu la khutu m'makutu omwe athudzidwa.
- Kumverera kwodzaza mu khutu
- Kumverera ngati kuti mukudwala kwambiri
- Mitsuko yamakono (kutsegula)
- Madzi amatha kusungunuka ndi makina oyendera magetsi
Nthawi zambiri ana amakhala ndi kachilombo ka pakati pamutu kapena chimfine. Mungathe kuyembekezera kuti adzakhala ndi zizindikiro zozizira monga chifuwa komanso mphuno zisanayambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Makanda ndi ana ang'onoang'ono sangathe kukuuzani kuti akumva kupweteka kwa khutu, choncho muyenera kudziwa zizindikiro zomwe amasonyeza. .
Kuwonjezera pa iwo omwe atchulidwa pamwamba, funani:
- Kugwiritsira kapena kumangirira makutu (izi zimasonyeza ululu, ngakhale sizingakhale chifukwa cha matenda a khutu)
- Kuwonetsa zizindikiro za kumva mosamveka kapena kutayika kwakumva mwa kusamvera mawu
- Kutentha kwa madigiri 100 kapena apamwamba
- Nsomba, kusanza, ndi kutsekula m'mimba
- Kukhumudwa, kukwiya, kulira kwakukulu, kusakhoza kunyengedwa
- Kuvutika kugona, kapena kugona kapena kugona
- Kuchepetsa kudya
- Mawu; kusowa mphamvu kapena chidwi pa masewera
Zizindikiro Zambiri
Kutsekedwa kwa makutu mkati mwa khutu lamkati kungayambitse kutsekemera kotchedwa eardrum, mwa madzi mwadzidzidzi otuluka mndandanda wa chikasu, wobiriwira kapena wamagazi. Kumva ululu kumatha kugonjetsa mofulumira. Mwinamwake mukulira m'makutu ndi kutembenuka kwa mazenera.
Otitis Media With Effusion
Otitis media ndi effusion, amatchedwanso secretory otitis media, ndi kusungunula zamadzimadzi mkati mwa khutu lamkati. Ikhoza kutsatira matenda a khutu la pakati. Nthawi zina, kuwonongeka kumeneku kunayamba chifukwa cha katemera wotsekemera wa eustachian wopanda matenda, koma mchere umakhala ndi mabakiteriya omwe angathe kukhala matenda a khutu.
Otitis media ndi effusion nthawi zambiri alibe zizindikiro, koma zingaperekedwe ndi:
- Kumverera kwodzaza mu khutu
- Kutaya kwakumvetsera pang'ono (mukhoza kutulutsa voliyumu kapena kanema)
- Kuwomba kapena kumveka kumveka ndi kumeza
Odwala Otitis Media
Matenda otchedwa otitis media (kubwereza kachilombo ka HIV kapena matenda opatsirana) angapangitse zizindikiro zina, komanso zizindikiro zowonjezera. Inu kapena mwana wanu mwinamwake mukudziwanso zizindikiro za matenda a khutu mutatha kukhala ndi chimfine kapena madzi otsekemera pakati pa khutu (chifukwa cha eardrum).
Izi ziphatikizapo:
- Kumva kutayika
- Makutu osamva
- Kusambira ndi kutupa kumbuyo kwa khutu
- Kusamalitsa zinthu
- Kufooka kwa nkhope
- Kumva ululu kwambiri
- Mutu
- Kusokonezeka
- Kutopa
Mavuto
Mphungu ikhoza kutha chifukwa cha kukakamizidwa kwa madzi osungunuka ndi kuponyera m'makutu. Phokoso kapena phokoso laling'onong'ono limakula m'kamwa (tympanic membrane). Kawirikawiri, izi zidzatha pokhapokha patatha masabata angapo osafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala. Kuthamanga kwamtundu umene mungakhale nako ndi kupweteka kwa eardrum kungabweretse msuzi kapena kusanza. Muyenera kumuwona dokotala kuti apeze mankhwala oyenera. Ngati mphuno isalephera kuchiza, ikhoza kuyenera kukonza opaleshoni.
Matenda a makutu amkati angayambitse kupweteka kwa kumva, kuteteza kutulutsa mawu kuchokera ku khutu lakunja kupita kumutu wamkati. Kwa ana, matenda opatsirana mobwerezabwereza ndi kutayika kwakumvetsera amatha kukhumudwitsa chilankhulo ndi chilankhulidwe cha chinenero ndipo zingachititse ana kuti asathe kupeza kumene kuli phokoso. Ana angakhale ndi zovuta zambiri kusiyanitsa ndi kumvetsetsa mawu pamene ali phokoso ngati m'kalasi.
Matenda oterewa angathandize pa zovuta zowonongeka . Kutaya kwakumva kwachikhalire sikusowa, koma kumatha kukhala ndi matenda opitirira nthawi ndi nthawi.
Matenda otchedwa otitis media angayambitse labyrinthitis ndi kuwonongeka kwa makutu osalimba omwe amamvetsera ndi kumvetsera bwino. Mitsempha ( cholesteatoma ) imatha kukhalanso pakati pa khutu.
Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri, mabakiteriya otitis nthawi zina amafalitsa mafupa a mastoid ( mastoiditis ) kapena khutu lamkati. Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amatha kufalikira ku ubongo ndikuyambitsa matenda a meningitis kapena abscess.
Nthawi Yomwe Muwone Dokotala
American Academy of Pediatrics imalimbikitsa njira yothetsera ululu ndikudikirira masiku awiri kapena atatu kuti awone ngati ikupita, monga momwe zidzakhalira. Muyenera kufunsa dokotala wanu nthawi imene mwana ayenera kuwonedwa. Kupweteka kwakumva komwe kumapweteka kapena kusintha, malungo, ndi ngalande ndi magazi kapena pus-makamaka kwa mwana wosapitirira miyezi 6-amafunika kuchipatala.
Akuluakulu ayenera kuitana dokotala akamamva kupweteka kwa khutu kapena zizindikiro zina kuti aphunzire ngati adikire kapena abwere kudzafufuza.
Dokotala adzalitsimikizira kuti ali ndi zizindikiro za kutupa (redness, bulging) ya eardrum pa kuunika kwa thupi.
Ngati inu kapena mwana wanu mukuchiritsidwa ndi matenda a khutu la pakati, onetsetsani kuti dokotala wanu akukuuzani kuti mukuyenera kusintha. Ngati khutu silinayankhe mankhwala, kapena ngati zizindikiro zatsopano zikupezeka, pitani dokotala kapena dokotala wanu. Mofananamo, ngati zizindikiro zatsopano zidziwika mutatha kuchiza otitis media ndi effusion, auzeni dokotala wanu.
Zotsatira:
> Kutenga Kwakutu (Middle Ear). Chipatala cha Mayo. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/ear-infections/symptoms-causes/syc-20351616?p=1.
> Makutu Amamva. MedlinePlus. https://medlineplus.gov/earinfections.html.
> Kliegman RM, Stanton BMD, St. Geme J, Schor NF. Nelson Buku Lophunzitsa Mankhwala, 2 Maulendo. München: Mabuku a Elsevier; 2015.
> Liberman MC, Liberman LD, Nyumba SF. Kuwonongeka Kwakumva Kwachizolowezi Kumayambitsa Kukhazikitsidwa kwa Cochlear. PLoS ONE 2015: 10 (11): e0142341. lembani: 10.1371 / magazini.pone.0142341.
> Lieberthal AS, Carroll AE, Chonmaitree T, et al. Kuzindikira ndi Kulamulira kwa Acute Otitis Media. Matenda . 2013; 131 (3). do: 10.1542 / peds.2012-3488.