Matenda otsekemera, omwe amatchedwanso IVH, akutuluka m'magazi a ubongo . Vuto la IVV likhoza kukhala lofatsa kapena lolemera, malingana ndi kuchuluka kwa magazi. Ana ena amene ali ndi IVH sangakhale ndi zotsatira za nthawi yaitali, pamene ana omwe ali ndi magazi ochulukirapo angakhale ndi kuchedwa kwachitukuko kapena zotsatira zina zotha.
Ngati mwana wanu atapezeka kuti ali ndi magazi ochepa, kuphunzira zambiri momwe mungathere pa matendawa kungakuthandizeni kumvetsa zomwe zikuchitika ndi mwana wanu komanso mmene angachiritse.
Kuwopsa kwa IVH
Kwa makanda, kutentha kwa magazi kumagawidwa ndi momwe kuwonongeka kwa magazi kulili koopsa.
- Mkalasi 1: Kutaya magazi kumangokhala kumtunda, malo osalimba pafupi ndi zinyama zam'mimba zomwe zili ndi timapepala tating'onoting'ono tambiri. Kalasi 1 IV imatchedwanso kuti majeremusi oyambitsa matenda.
- Kalasi 2: Kupuma kwa magazi kumapezeka mu zinyama zam'mimba, koma zinyama zimakhalabe zofanana.
- Kalasi 3: Kupuma kwa magazi kumapezeka m'matumbo, ndipo kutuluka kwa magazi kwachititsa kuti ziphuphu ziwonjezeke, kapena kukula.
- Gawo 4: Magazi amapezeka m'makina am'mimba, omwe asungunuka, komanso m'madera oyandikana nawo a ubongo. Kalasi 4 IV imatchedwanso kutaya magazi.
Maphunziro a Gulu la 1 ndi a 2 omwe amayamba kuchepetsa magazi amawoneka ngati ofatsa, pamene magazi a m'kalasi 3 ndi 4 ndi oopsa kwambiri, ndi zizindikiro zoyambirira zoopsa komanso mavuto ena a nthawi yaitali.
Zimayambitsa
Kukula kwa chiphuphu kumayambitsa vuto la kuchepa kwa magazi, ndipo mavenda ambiri a IV amapezeka m'mimba osachepera 30 masabata kapena masentimita 3 (5 oz).
Kuchuluka kwa magazi kumayambiriro kwa moyo wa preemie, ndipo 90 peresenti imapezeka masiku atatu oyambirira a moyo. Madokotala amaganiza kuti zinthu zingapo zimagwirizanitsa kupanga adani kuti atenge HIV. Choyamba, mitsempha ya magazi mu ubongo wa preemie ndi yofooka kwambiri kuposa yomwe imakhala mwana wamwamuna. Makanda oyambirira nawonso akhoza kuvutika ndi mafupipafupi omwe amapezeka m'magazi otsika kwambiri ndipo amatha kusintha kwambiri kuthamanga kwa magazi.
Zizindikiro
Ana omwe akudwala kutaya magazi pang'ono sangakhale ndi zizindikiro zilizonse. Zizindikiro zowonongeka kwambiri m'mimba mwa ana asanakwane ndi awa:
- Kuwonjezeka kwa ziwalo za apnea ndi bradycardia
- Kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa minofu
- Zokonzanso zochepetsedwa
- Zowonongeka kwambiri
- Kugona mokwanira
Kudziwa
Kutentha kwa m'mimba kumawoneka ndi mutu wa ultrasound . Nthawi zambiri zipatala zambiri zimawonetsa ana onse asanakwane kwa IVH mkati mwa sabata yoyamba ya moyo, komanso asanatuluke kuchipatala.
Chithandizo
Mwamwayi, palibe njira yothetsera kupha magazi poyambitsa. Chithandizo cha IVH chikuyimira zizindikiro za magazi ndipo zingaphatikizepo chithandizo chowonjezera cha kupuma kapena mankhwala a apnea ndi bradycardia.
Pafupifupi 10 peresenti ya ana omwe ali ndi magazi oyambitsa matenda amadzimadzi adzatulutsa hydrocephalus , yomwe imakhala ndi mchere wambiri m'mphepete mwake. Hydrocephalus imapangitsa mutu wa mwana kukula mofulumira kusiyana ndi kawirikawiri kuti upeze malo amchere wambiri ndipo ukhoza kuyika kupanikizika kwa minofu yovuta ya ubongo. Hydrocephalus ikhoza kuchoka yokha, kapena opaleshoni imafunika. Madokotala angasankhe kukhazikitsa ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VP shunt) kukhetsa madzi ndi kuchepetsa kupweteka kwa ubongo.
Zotsatira Zakale
Zotsatira za nthawi yayitali zikhoza kukhala zofatsa kapena zovuta ndipo nthawi zambiri zimagwirizana ndi kuopsa kwa magazi.
Makanda omwe ali ndi zaka 1 kapena 2 amachotsedwa sangakhale ndi zotsatira zokhazikika kapena akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatira zobisika zomwe n'zovuta kuziyeza.
Ana ambiri omwe ali ndi magazi oopsa kwambiri sangakhale ndi zotsatira zokhazokha, koma ana omwe amadwala matenda a m'kalasi yachitatu kapena ya 4 omwe ali ndi ana ali pachiopsezo chachikulu. Kuchedwa kuchedwa kungakhale koopsa kwambiri pakati pa ana awa. Ana omwe ali ndi mbiri yamagazi akuluakulu angathenso kuvutika chifukwa cha kusamvetsetsana kolakwika komanso mavuto ena monga kusokonezeka kwa matendawa (ADHD).
Kupewa
Chifukwa chakuti IVH ingayambitse mavuto aakulu ndipo simungakhoze kuimitsa pamene yayamba, madokotala ndi asayansi akhala akuyesetsa kuti athe kupewa.
Kupewa kutengeredwa koyambirira ndi njira yabwino yopezera IVH, kotero amayi omwe ali ndi mavuto omwe angakhale nawo poyambitsa matendawa ayenera kulankhula ndi madokotala awo za kuchepetsa chiopsezo chawo. Mankhwala ambili aphunziridwa kuti ali ndi udindo woteteza HIV. Mankhwala opatsirana pogonana kwa amayi omwe ali pachiopsezo choyamba kubereka amasonyezedwa kuti amateteza, koma ayenera kuperekedwa pawindo laling'ono la nthawi. Mankhwala ena, indomethacin, amasonyezanso kuti amateteza.
Zotsatira
- Hansen, Thor Willy Ruud. "Prophylaxis ya Intraventricular Hemorrhage M'nyamata Zakale: Zatsopano Zopangira Zida, Mavuto Atsopano." Matenda Othandiza Odwala Odwala Jan. 2006: 7; 90-92.
- Gardner, Marsha. "Zotsatira mwa Ana Opeza Zotsutsa za Neurologic monga Matenda a Preterm" Uchikulire wa Ana Nov / Dec 2005: 31; 448-457.
- Sears MD, William, Sears MD, Robert, Sears MD, James, Sears RN, Martha. Buku Loyamba la Ana: Zonse Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa Zokhudza Mwana Wanu Wamasiye Kuyambira Kubadwa mpaka M'badwo Wina . Little, Brown ndi Co., New York, 2004.
- Medline Plus. "Hemorrhage Intraventricular ya Newborn" Anapezeka 8-20-09 kuchokera pa webusaitiyi.