Anthu ambiri achikulire amakhala ndi vutoli, ndipo opaleshoni ya cataract ndi imodzi mwa njira zabwino kwambiri zochitira opaleshoni ku America. Ngati mukufufuza chithandizo chamatenda, mukhoza kukhala opaleshoni ya laser cataract.
Kuchita opaleshoni ya cataract yachibadwa kumatsirizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito tsamba laling'ono kuti likhale loyamba, motsogozedwa ndi ndondomeko yoyendetsedwa ndi phacoemulsifier.
Puloemulsifier ndi chipangizo cha ultrasound chomwe chimagwedeza pamtunda wothamanga kwambiri kuti kadotiyo imatulutsidwa kapena kusungunuka mu zidutswa zing'onoting'ono ndi kuponyedwa bwino mwa diso.
Mu 2011, Dipatimenti ya Chakudya ndi Mankhwala inavomereza makampani angapo a laser opaleshoni ya laser cataract, yomwe imatchedwa optius femtosecond laser cataract.
Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo
Pakati pa opaleshoni ya cataract, kachilombo kakang'ono kamapangidwira pang'onopang'ono ya cornea . Chombocho chimapangidwa ndi chitsulo kapena tsamba la diamondi limene dokotalayo amachita. Kusungunula kotereku kumangopitirira 2 mpaka 2.5 mm m'litali ndipo lili ndi chigawo chophindikizira ndi chophindikizira kuti pasakhale zofunikira.
Mu opaleshoni ya laser cataract, ndi laser femsecsecond laser, dotolo angayang'ane chithunzi chokweza, chapamwamba chomwe wapatsidwa kwa iye ndi chipangizo cha OCT chokwanira . Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwazing'onoting'ono kungathe kukhazikitsidwa mwakuthupi popanda kuwerengera zomwe ochita opaleshoniyo akuganizira.
Kuwombera kwapadera kumeneku kumakhala kosavuta komanso kusindikizira bwino kuposa mankhwala opangidwa ndi opaleshoni.
Gawo lotsatila la opaleshoni ya chigulugala ndi chidziwitso. Pakati pa capsulotomy, dokotalayo amalira pang'onopang'ono kutsogolo kwa kapeni wothandizira kamene imagwira lenti ndi katemera. Kulondola kwa gawo ili la opaleshoni kungakhale kosiyana ndi dokotala wa opaleshoni kwa dokotala wa opaleshoni monga momwe chidziwitso cha capsulotomy chimadalira chochitika cha opaleshoni.
Dokotala wa opaleshoniyo adzalenga chitsekochi pogwiritsa ntchito singano kuti atseke kabowo kakang'ono mu kapsule. Dokotalayo adzagwiritsa ntchito forceps kudula bwalo kutsogolo kwa kapsule. Ichi ndi mbali yovuta ya opaleshoni chifukwa kapsule yakale idzakhalabe yowonjezera malingaliro atsopano kapena makina a intraocular, omwe amalowetsedwera mu diso kuti asinthe malo okalamba a khate.
Mu opaleshoni ya laser cataract, capsulotomy imapangidwa mwangwiro zozungulira mawonekedwe ndipo kwathunthu wosiyana ndi opaleshoni. Chombo chozungulirachi chikhoza kukhazikitsidwa mwangwiro kuti chigwirizanitse choyikapo cha lens latsopano mmalo mwake.
Akachipatala akachitidwa opaleshoni ya cataract, dokotalayo amagwiritsa ntchito chipangizo cha phacoemulsifier chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri kuthamanga kwa ultrasound kuti iwononge kadotiyo mzidutswa ting'onoting'ono, zomwe zimayesedwa bwino.
Ndi laser femsecsecond laser, disolo limathyoledwa kukhala zidutswa zing'onozing'ono monga ndi phacoemulsifier. Ubwino wogwiritsira ntchito laser ndikuti mphamvu zochepa zimatha kupasula cataract padera, motero kuchepetsa mavuto omwe angakhalepo, monga kuswa mwadzidzidzi kapsule, kapena mavuto aakulu, monga magazi kapena retina.
Chinthu chotsatira pa njira ya cataract ndiyo kuyika choyikapo chatsopano cha mitsempha ya intraocular m'malo mwa lens lomwe poyamba linachotsedwa.
Kwa odwala ambiri, mphamvu yowonongeka ya lenti yatsopano imayesera kuchepetsa kufunikira kwa wodwalayo kuvala magalasi chifukwa cha ntchito zamtunda pambuyo pa opaleshoni. Ngati munthu amene akuchitidwa opaleshoni ali pafupi kapena akuyang'anitsitsa, kupangira kwala kwa mandala kudzabwezeretsa mankhwalawa.
Nthaŵi zina, astigmatism yotsala idzauka , kuchititsa osapitirira masomphenya pambuyo pa opaleshoni. Madokotala ambiri opanga opaleshoni amapanga makina ang'onoang'ono pogwiritsa ntchito tsamba kuti athe kubwezeretseratu. Apanso, pogwiritsa ntchito laser, molondola, kuikidwa bwino, kugwiritsidwa ntchito laser-incduced incisions kungapangidwe pofuna kuyesa kusokoneza.
Kodi Opaleshoni ya Laser Cataract Ndi Yabwino?
Kuchita opaleshoni ya cataract yachikhalidwe kumakhala njira yabwino kwambiri komanso yothandiza. Ambiri a madokotala amakhulupirira kuti opaleshoni ya laser wodwala matenda a cataract ndizotsatilapo pakapita patsogolo kuti apititse patsogolo chitetezo ndi zotsatira za anthu okhala opaleshoni ya cataract. Ambiri opaleshoni ya odwala cataract amakhulupirira kuti pamapeto pake opaleshoni ya cataract idzachitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito laser.
Masiku ano, opaleshoni ya cataract ya laser idzawoneka bwino kwambiri pa multifocal kapena presbyopia-correcting implant opaleshoni. Izi zimapangitsa kuti anthu asadalire masewera olimbitsa thupi poyendetsa masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kuyang'ana pakati. Izi zimapangidwa kuti zimuthandize wodwalayo kuti azingoyang'ana magalasi ochepa. Kuchita opaleshoni imeneyi kumafuna molunjika kwambiri, motero laser femsecond laser.
Zovuta za Opaleshoni ya Laser Cataract
Imodzi mwa zovuta zochepa za opaleshoni ya cataract ya laser ndi nkhawa yodzikongoletsa. Anthu omwe amatsatira njira ya laser nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ubweya wambiri tsiku lotsatira opaleshoni, chifukwa chochita chida pa opaleshoni.
Zotsatira zachiwiri ndizofunika. Machitidwe a laser omwe panopa ali a FDA-ovomerezedwa opaleshoni ya cataract amawononga dokotala wina aliyense kuchokera $ 400,000 mpaka $ 500,000 kuti agule. Ochita opaleshoni nthawi zina amavutika ndi lingaliro lakuti ngakhale kuti zipangizo zamakono zatsopano zikhoza kukhala zabwino pambali zina, kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa mtengo sikungakhale kopindulitsa kwa wodwala kapena dongosolo la chithandizo chaumoyo ambiri. N'zosakayikitsa kuti Medicare ndi makampani a inshuwalansi adzakwaniritsa njirayi.
Chachitatu, ngakhale kuti njira iliyonse ya laser ndi yotetezeka, njira yonseyo imatenga nthawi yayitali, kuonjezera chiopsezo cha mavuto kapena matenda. Mu manja ophunzitsidwa ndi opaleshoni ya cataract, opaleshoni yachilendo yachilendo ikhoza kutenga mphindi khumi ndi ziwiri mphindi khumi ndi zisanu ndikuchita opaleshoni yokhayo, ndipo opaleshoni ya laser imatenga nthawi yaitali.
Zotsatira
Cunningham, Derek ndi Walter Whitely. "Femto-Phaco: Kodi tikuona kusintha kwotsatira kwa opaleshoni ya cataract?" Economics Oposometric, May 2012.
Guttman, Cheryl. "FDA Oks amasonyeza kuti FS femtosecond laser yolengedwa." Ophthalmology Times, May 2012.