Matenda a Parkinson amadziwika ndi zizindikiro zambiri zomwe zimatha kuyang'aniridwa bwino. Njira zothandizira matenda a Parkinson ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana, opaleshoni komanso mankhwala opatsirana.
Ngati muli ndi matenda a Parkinson, mungapindule ndi chithandizo cha kutentha kwanu ndi zizindikiro zina zamagalimoto, ndipo mungafunike chithandizo cha zina zomwe sizinawonongeke ndi matenda a Parkinson, monga vuto la kugona, pseudobulbar limakhudza , ndi vuto lomeza .
Ambiri mwa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa matenda a Parkinson angakhalenso ndi zotsatirapo. Ngati zotsatira za mankhwala a Parkinson a matenda anu zimakuvutitsani kwambiri, ndiye kuti mukhoza kupindula ndi kumwa mankhwala opatsirana omwe akuwongolera.
Mankhwala Othandizira Zizindikiro za Matenda a Parkinson
Zizindikiro zowopsa za matenda a Parkinson ndizozunjenjemera, kuuma, ndi kusala.
Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zazikulu za matenda a Parkinson ndi kuchepa kwa dopamine, khungu lofunika kwambiri la ubongo, mu ubongo. Mankhwala ambiri omwe amachititsa kuchepetsa zizindikiro za matenda a Parkinson ndi omwe amachititsa kuti dopamine isinthe kapena kukonzanso zomwe zimachitika mu ubongo:
- Levodopa / carbidopa - Levodopa amapita ku dopamine mu thupi. Mukafikira ubongo, zimakhala zothandiza pa zizindikiro za matenda a Parkinson. Carbidopa imaletsa levodopa kuti iwonongeke mpaka mawonekedwe ake m'thupi, zomwe zimachepetsa zotsatira za dopamine m'thupi, ndipo zimapangitsa zotsatira za dopamine mu ubongo.
- Tolcapone ndi entacapone - Mankhwala awa amagwira ntchito poonjezera zomwe a levodopa amachita ndipo motero angathe kuwonjezeredwa ngati mankhwala ochiritsira kwa anthu omwe akutenga levodopa / carbidopa.
- Dopamine agonists - Mankhwala monga pramipexole ndi ropinirole amatsanzira mwachindunji zotsatira za dopamine kuchepetsa zizindikiro za matenda a Parkinson.
- Amantadine - Mankhwalawa amachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa dopamine m'thupi ndi ubongo ndipo agwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a Parkinson. Zimathandizanso pochiza dyskinesia, yomwe ndi imodzi mwa zotsatira zoyipa za kugwiritsa ntchito levodopa nthawi yaitali.
- Selegiline - Mankhwalawa amalepheretsa kuwonongeka kwa dopamine, kuti izigwira ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali.
- Trihexyphenidyl ndi benztropine (anticholinergics) - Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito poletsa mankhwala amtundu wotchedwa acetylcholine, omwe amapezeka mu ubongo ndi thupi. Mankhwalawa ndi othandiza kwambiri pochiza achinyamata ndi matenda a Parkinson, kapena anthu omwe chizindikiro chawo chachikulu chikuwomba.
Matenda Okhudza Matenda Odwala Matenda a Parkinson
Matenda ena azachipatala amapezeka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Parkinson. Ngati muli ndi matenda a Parkinson, mungafunikire chithandizo chamankhwala pa chimodzi mwazifukwazi kuphatikizapo chithandizo chimene mumalandira kuti muchepetse kutentha kwa thupi, kuuma kwa minofu, ndi mavuto oyenera a matenda a Parkinson:
- Kusokonezeka maganizo
- Kusagona
- Miyendo yopanda chilema
- Kuthamanga kwa magazi
- Dementia
- Pseudobulbar zimakhudza
- Khungu louma
- Kuthetsa mavuto
- Kutsekedwa
Matenda Osati achipatala a Matenda a Parkinson
Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a Parkinson amatha kusintha zina mwa zizindikiro mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala, zakuthupi, ndi kulankhula.
Zizindikiro za matenda a Parkinson omwe angathe kuchepetsedwa ndi mankhwala ndi awa:
- Kupweteka kwa misampha ndi kukhwima
- Kusamalitsa mavuto
- Kuvuta kwa kulankhula
- Kuthetsa mavuto
Opaleshoni ya Matenda a Parkinson
Kuwongolera kwambiri ubongo (DBS) pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chogwiritsidwa ntchito opaleshoni mu ubongo kwagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthetsa zizindikiro zina za matenda a Parkinson pamene sangathe kulamuliridwa ndi mankhwala okha. Njira imeneyi ndi yopindulitsa kwa anthu ena omwe ali ndi matenda a Parkinson, koma kawirikawiri anthu omwe ali ndi DBS amafunikiranso kumwa mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa. Pali zotsatizana ndi zowonongeka ku DBS .
Zotsatira Zotsatira za Matenda a Parkinson
Pali zotsatira zochepa zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha mankhwala omwe amachiza matenda a Parkinson. Ngati mankhwala anu akuthandizira kuchepetsa zizindikiro za matenda a Parkinson, dokotala wanu akhoza kuchepetsa mlingo wanu kapena kusintha kwa mankhwala ena.
Koma, ngakhale mutakhala ndi zotsatirapo, simungathe kuletsa kumwa mankhwala a Parkinson, kapena ngati zizindikiro zanu zidzabwerera. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mungafunikire kumwa mankhwala owonjezera kuti muwone zotsatira zomwe mukukumana nazo. Zotsatira zofala za mankhwala a Parkinson ndi awa:
- Hallucinations - zizindikiro ndizowona zabodza kapena mau. Mankhwala ambiri ochiritsira matenda a Parkinson amachititsa kuti dopamine ayambe kusokonezeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti dopamine ayambe kugwira ntchito mu ubongo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu asamangoganizira za matendawa. Anthu ena amene amamva zowawa ngati mankhwala a Parkinson amafunika kutenga mankhwala ochepetsa antipsychotic kuti achepetse malingaliro.
- Dyskinesia - Dyskinesias ndi kayendetsedwe kadzidzidzi kaŵirikaŵiri kamene kamakhala chifukwa cha ntchito ya nthawi yaitali ya mankhwala a Parkinson. Dyskinesias ikhoza kuchitika ngati kayendedwe kadzidzidzi, ndipo ikhoza kuwonetseranso ngati kuyenda mofulumira, kupotoza. Dyskinesias ikhoza kukhala yovutitsa, koma imakhalanso yosasangalatsa kapena yopweteka. Pali mankhwala omwe angathe kuchepetsa dyskinesias, ndipo nthawi zina DBS imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yochepetsera mankhwala a Parkinson.
- Kutaya - Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a Parkinson amadziwa kuti zizindikiro zimakhala zovuta kwambiri pakati pa mankhwala ochepetsa mankhwala. Zochitikazi zingathe kufotokozedwa monga 'kuvala', 'kusiya nthawi' kapena 'kusiya syndrome,' ndipo imayang'aniridwa ndi kusintha mayeza mankhwala ndi nthawi, komanso kuwonjezera mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti dopamine ayambe. Kuchita opaleshoni ndi imodzi mwa njira zogwiritsira ntchito kuvala.
Kodi Pali Chithandizo cha Matenda a Parkinson?
Pakalipano, palibe mankhwala a matenda a Parkinson. Mankhwala, opaleshoni, ndi njira zochiritsira zimapangidwira kuthetsa zizindikiro. Matenda a Parkinson ndi osowa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zimafika poipa kwambiri pakapita nthawi.
Ngati mwapezeka kuti muli ndi matenda a Parkinson, izi zikutanthauza kuti mukufunikira kuchita opaleshoni kapena kumwa mankhwala kwa nthawi yaitali. Kawirikawiri, chifukwa cha momwe matendawa amachitira nthawi, anthu ambiri omwe amakhala ndi matenda a Parkinson amafunika kusintha ma ARV kapena nthawi zina.
Malangizo atsopano mu Matenda a Parkinson
Njira yothandizira maselo ndi jini ndiyo njira ziwiri zatsopano zofufuza kafukufuku wa Parkinson. Pakadali pano, njirazi sizinayambe kupezeka kwa odwala, kupatula mwina mu kafukufuku .
Mawu Ochokera
Matenda a Parkinson ndi matenda omwe amafunika kuwonetsa nthawi zonse. Ngati mwapezeka kuti muli ndi matenda a Parkinson, kufulumira kwanu ndi kuchepa kwanu kungachepetse m'kupita kwa nthawi, ndipo muyenera kusamala kwambiri kuti muteteze zinthu zomwe zingakuike pangozi ngati mutayika.
Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a Parkinson amakumana ndi vutoli komanso amatha kuonetsetsa kuti zizindikiro zimakhala ndi mankhwala, mankhwala, opaleshoni, kapena kuphatikiza njirazi. Komabe, kawirikawiri, anthu okhala ndi matenda a Parkinson akupitirizabe kuwona zizindikiro zina ngakhale kuti akuchipatala kapena opaleshoni.
Kawirikawiri, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Parkinson amatha kukhala ndi moyo wopindulitsa ndipo nthawi zambiri amatha kupitiriza kugwira nawo ntchito komanso kuchita nawo zinthu zolimbitsa thupi.
> Chitsime
> Oertel W Schulz JB, Oertel W, et al, Chithandizo ndi zamakono za matenda a Parkinson: Buku lothandizira asayansi,. J Neurochem. 2016.