Odzipiritsa amaonedwa ngati 'ovuta' ndi madokotala
Ambiri a ife timapita ku intaneti kuti tidziwe zambiri zaumoyo. Malinga ndi Pew Research Center, mu 2014, 87 peresenti ya anthu akuluakulu a ku America anali ndi mwayi wopita ku intaneti, ndipo mu 2012, 72 peresenti ya anthu omwe anafunsidwa kuti adafufuza pa Intaneti kuti adziwe zaumoyo m'chaka chathachi.
Osati kale kwambiri, odwala anali odziwa kulandira chithandizo chamankhwala.
Dokotala angatenge mphindi zingapo kuti afotokoze matenda, matenda ake ndi njira yomwe amayembekezera, kenako ndifotokoze momwe mungasankhire mankhwala. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa intaneti-teknoloji yomwe yasintha mankhwala kuposa china chilichonse chopangidwa ndi winawake - dokotala-wodwalayo mphamvu zasintha, nayenso. Tsopano, aliyense angathe kupeza mosavuta zokhudzana ndi zaumoyo, ndipo odwala amabweretsa chidziwitso ichi ku ulendo wa ofesi.
Ndichidziwitso cha chidziwitso cha chigumulachi, madokotala akudandaula za momwe odwala awo amachitira zinthu zonsezi ndi momwe chidziwitso chimenechi chidzakhudzire "mgwirizano wa odwala," omwe, malinga ndi alembi Susan Dorr Goold ndi Mack Lipkin, Jr, amatanthauzidwa monga "chithunzithunzi chomwe deta imasonkhanitsidwira, zizindikiro ndi mapulani zimapangidwa, kutsata kumakwaniritsidwa, ndi machiritso, kuwuza mtima, ndi kuthandizidwa."
Kuchokera ku lingaliro lachipatala, chidziwitso cha zachipatala chomwe chimapezeka pa intaneti chimaphatikizapo kukhala chowonjezera ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino kuti chidziwitse chisankho chanu chachipatala-osati chikhale m'malo mwake.
Malangizo a zamankhwala omwe amapezeka pa intaneti sayenera kutsogolera kudzidziwitsa okha kapena mankhwala.
Intaneti Kufufuza Odwala
Odwala amagwiritsa ntchito intaneti m'njira ziwiri.
Choyamba, odwala amafunafuna zambiri asanayambe kupita kuchipatala kuti akaone ngati akufunikira kuwona katswiri wa zaumoyo kuti ayambe.
Chachiwiri, odwala amafufuza pa intaneti pambuyo pa nthawi yoti atsimikizidwe kapena chifukwa cha kusakhutira ndi kuchuluka kwa tsatanetsatane wa opereka chithandizo.
Ngakhale kuti akupeza uthenga wokhudzana ndi thanzi labwino kuchokera pa intaneti, anthu ambiri samagwiritsa ntchito intaneti kudzifufuza okha ndipo m'malo mwake amayendera ndi madokotala kuti athe kupeza matenda. Kuwonjezera apo, anthu ambiri amapitanso kwa madokotala awo ndi mafunso okhudza mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kudziwa za njira zina zochiritsira komanso njira zowatumizira kwa akatswiri.
Ofufuza pa intaneti omwe amagwira ntchito makamaka ndi anthu omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu omwe samangodziwa zambiri za matenda awo pogwiritsa ntchito intaneti komanso amapempha ena kuti awathandize. Kuphatikizanso apo, anthu omwe alibe inshuwalansi nthawi zambiri amapita ku intaneti kuti aphunzire zambiri za zizindikiro ndi matenda. Potsirizira pake, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda osowa, omwe angakakamizedwe kukomana ndi ena monga iwo enieni, nthawi zambiri amagawana zambiri ndi nkhani zamasayansi pogwiritsa ntchito nsanamira za pa intaneti.
Madokotala Akuyankha mu Njira Zitatu
Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa 2005 wolembedwa pa Patient Education and Counseling , Miriam McMullan akupereka kuti munthu wodwalayo atapereka chithandizo cha umoyo pa intaneti kwa dokotala kapena wina wothandizira zaumoyo, wothandizira zaumoyo angayankhe njira imodzi kapena iwiri.
Ubale weniweni wathanzi . Wogwira ntchito zaumoyo angaganize kuti mphamvu yake yachipatala ikuopsezedwa kapena kuponyedwa ndi chidziwitso chimene wodwalayo akulankhula ndipo adzateteza "maganizo a akatswiri" motero kutseka kukambirana kulikonse.
Izi zimachitika pakati pa madokotala omwe ali ndi luso la zamakono lodziwa zambiri. Dokotalayo adzagwiritsa ntchito ulendo wotsalira wotsalira kuti atsogolere wodwalayo kuntchito yomwe akufuna. Njirayi imapangitsa wodwalayo kukhala wosakhutira ndi wokhumudwa, ndipo odwala amatha kuchoka ku chikhulupiliro kuti amadzikonzekera bwino kuposa dokotala akufuna kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala komanso njira zothandizira chithandizo pa intaneti.
Ubale weniweni woleza mtima . Ndi chochitika ichi, wothandizira zaumoyo ndi wodwalayo amagwira nawo ntchito ndikuyang'ana pazako Intaneti.
Ngakhale wodwala ali ndi nthawi yochuluka yekha kuti afufuze intaneti, dokotala kapena wothandizira zaumoyo angatenge nthawi pamene wodwala akumana kuti ayambe kugula ukonde pamodzi ndi wodwalayo ndikumuwongolera kuzipangizo zina zowonjezera. Akatswiri amati njira iyi ndi yabwino; Komabe, anthu ambiri amadandaula kuti palibe nthawi yokwanira yochezera pafupipafupi kuti akafufuze pa intaneti ndi wodwalayo ndikukambirana za njira zomwe mungachite ndi matenda.
Malembo a pa intaneti . Kumapeto kwa kuyankhulana, wothandizira zaumoyo akhoza kulangiza kwa wodwalayo mawebusaiti kuti atchulidwe. Ndi mawebusaiti ambirimbiri okhudzana ndi thanzi labwino, ndizosatheka kuti wothandizira aziwathandiza. M'malo mwake, akhoza kulangiza mawebusaiti angapo kuchokera ku mabungwe olemekezeka, monga CDC, MedlinePlus kapena NHS Choices.
Malingaliro Amankhwala Opanga Mauthenga Abwino pa Intaneti
Palibe chodabwitsa kuposa momwe madokotala amamvera ndikumvetsera mafunso kuchokera kwa odwala 24/7. Pachifukwa ichi, Dr Farrah Ahmed ndi anzake adayambitsa magulu asanu ndi awiri omwe ali ndi madokotala a banja 48 omwe anali ndi ntchito zambiri ku Toronto.
Malinga ndi ochita kafukufukuwo, "Mitu itatu yodziwika bwino: (1) zomwe zimachitika ndi odwala, (2) katundu wodwala, ndi (3) kutanthauzira dokotala ndi kufotokozera mfundo."
Zochitika Zodziwika za Odwala
Madokotala mu gululo adanena kuti odwala ena omwe anali ndi uthenga wa umoyo wa intaneti anali osokonezeka kapena osokonezeka ndi deta. Gulu laling'ono la odwala linagwiritsa ntchito intaneti kuti liphunzire zambiri za matenda awo omwe asanakhazikitsidwe kapena kuti azidzipenda okha kapena popanda kudzipangira. Odwala omwe ankagwiritsa ntchito intaneti kuti azidziona okha ndi kudzipweteka, ankaona kuti ndi "zovuta."
Madokotala amachititsa kuti odwala akhudzidwe kwambiri ndikudziŵa zambiri zachipatala, chizoloŵezi cha odwala kulandira chidziwitso cha thanzi la chikhulupiriro chopanda khungu komanso kusowa kwa odwala kuti aone bwinobwino za umoyo wabwino.
Madokotala ankakonda pamene odwala ankagwiritsa ntchito intaneti kuti aphunzire zambiri za matenda awo omwe asanakhazikitsidwe. Komabe, madokotala sankawakonda pamene odwala amagwiritsira ntchito chidziwitso kuti adziwonetse kapena azidziyesa kapena kuyesa chidziwitso cha dokotala. Osati kokha madokotala amachititsa odwalawa kukhala ovuta koma "osowa," "otsutsana" ndi "ovuta" komanso ochokera kwa akatswiri. Madokotala nthawi zambiri ankakambirana za mkwiyo ndi kukhumudwa pofuna kuteteza matenda awo ndi odwala awo.
Pano pali ndemanga zenizeni za madokotala kuchokera ku magulu otsogolera:
"Iwo [odwala] akudzala ndi zinthu zopusa kwambiri nthawi zambiri, zomwe sakudziwa kutanthauzira, zomwe kaŵirikaŵiri zimawamasulira."
"Akubweretsa nkhani zosaoneka komanso zinthu zosiyana siyana, ndipo zina mwazo ndizowopsya. ... Akuganiza kuti zonse zikuchitika."
"Ndikuganiza kuti pali vuto limodzi pomwe intaneti ili yothandiza. Ngati munthuyo ali ndi matendawa, ndipo akufuna kufufuza zambiri, adziphunzitse okha ..., ndikupeza kuti zithandizira panthawi yomwe ... sikuti ndikudya nthawi. "
Ngongole ya Dokotala
Ambiri mwa madokotala omwe adafunsidwa pa phunziroli adapeza kuti kugwiritsira ntchito zokhudzana ndi umoyo wodwala ndikutaya nthawi, ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito mawu otsatirawa pofotokoza zochitikazo: "wokhumudwitsa," "wokhumudwitsa," "wokwiya," "wopwetekedwa mtima," ndi "mutu" "Madokotala amati adziona kuti ndizolemetsa kuthana ndi zomwe wodwalayo akudziwitsa, komanso kuti analibe nthawi yochita zimenezi.
Ponseponse, panali zifukwa zambiri pakati pa gulu la gululi. Kuwonjezera pa zovuta zokhudzana ndi zokhudzana ndi umoyo wathanzi, madokotala ambiri adawonetsa nkhaŵa za ubwino ndi kuchuluka kwa chidziwitso cha umoyo pa intaneti. Pomalizira pake, madokotala ena achikulire anavomereza kuti luso lawo la pakompyuta linali loipa.
Nazi ndemanga zingapo kuchokera ku gulu loyang'ana:
"Nditangotuluka mndandanda ndikudandaula ... [chifukwa cha] zovuta ndi zina zonse."
"Sindimaganizira odwala akudziŵa, koma ndi zovuta ngati akukupatsani papepala, mukudziwa, mapepala 60 .... Nthawi imakhala yovuta kwambiri, choncho zimakhala zovuta kwambiri."
Kutanthauzira kwa Dokotala ndi Contextualization Information
Ngakhale kuti sizinali zonse zomwe zidakondwera nazo, madokotala ambiri mu phunziroli adawona kuyika kwa odwala matenda a Internet pazochitika zawo. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, ndi udindo wa dokotala kulingalira mbiri yakale yachipatala ya wodwala aliyense pokambirana za ukhondo wa intaneti. Kwa odwala omwe anali odziphunzitsa okha, kapena amagwiritsa ntchito intaneti kuti aphunzire zambiri za zinthu zomwe zisanachitikepo, njirayi inali yowonjezera komanso yochiritsira.
Komabe, madokotala anapeza kuti kunali kovuta kuphunzitsa odwala omwe anali okhumudwa kapena osokonezeka ndi zomwe zili pa intaneti. Potsirizira pake, odwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito intaneti kudzifufuza okha ndi kudzipangira nthawi zambiri amaika madokotala "pomwepo" ndipo amawauza kuti ateteze matenda awo onse pamene akuyenera kulongosola mfundo zolakwika zomwe amachotsa pa intaneti.
Chochititsa chidwi, adokotala ochepa sankaganiza kuti kutanthauzira uthenga wathanzi pa intaneti kunali udindo wawo. Komanso, madokotala ena amapita mpaka "ozimitsa" odwala omwe anapempha chidziwitso choterowo, kutumiza odwalawo kwa akatswiri, kapena kupereka ndalama zambiri paulendowo-onse omwe amadziona kuti ndi otetezeka.
Pansi
Zaumoyo pa intaneti ndi osatha. Zina mwazinthu izi ndizowopsya, makamaka ngati simukumvetsa zonse zomwe zikufotokozedwa. Mwachitsanzo, kusiyana kosiyana pakati pa mutu ndi kupwetekedwa, koma mwayi wokhala ndi mutu wina uliwonse ndi ochepa kwambiri-makamaka ngati ndinu wamng'ono komanso wathanzi.
Zomwe zimapezeka kuchokera pa intaneti zingakhale zothandiza kwambiri monga momwe ziliri ndi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu omwe akufuna kudziwa zambiri zokhudza chisamaliro chawo. Komabe, zingakhalenso zowononga, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi munthu yemwe amamasula yekha kudzidzimva yekha, kapena kupitirirapo, munthu amene amadzipangitsa yekha kudzidzimva, zomwe zingawononge thupi. Kumbukirani kuti dokotala wanu angakuthandizeni kuika zomwe mwazipeza pa intaneti.
Chofunika kwambiri, matenda othetsera matenda sangathe kukhazikika pazinthu za ukhondo pa intaneti yekha. Kuzindikira ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri cha katswiri. Dokotala amadalira mankhwala a chipatala komanso zambiri zamankhwala. Zina mwa izo zimapezeka pa intaneti kuti apeze wodwalayo. Mwachindunji, pogwiritsa ntchito mbiri yachipatala ndi zofufuza za thupi, dokotala amachepetsa kusiyana kwa matenda, kapena kuika patsogolo mndandanda wa zovuta zowunikira. Zotsatira kuchokera ku mayesero opatsirana amatsimikiziridwa kuti zimapezeka.
Ngati mumapeza zambiri pa intaneti zomwe mungafune kuti dokotala wanu awerenge ndi kufotokoza, ndi lingaliro lothandiza kusiya chidziwitso ichi kwa dokotala wanu ndikumufunsa kuti ayang'ane pamene ali ndi nthawi. Mwinanso, mungathe kukonza msonkhano wosankhidwa kuti mukambirane zomwe mukukumana nazo.
> Zotsatira:
> Ahmad F et al. Kodi Amankhwala Amakonzekera Odwala Odziŵa Zaumoyo pa Intaneti? Journal of Medical Internet Research. 2006; 8: 3.
> Mfundo Zaumoyo. Pew Research Research. http://www.pewinternet.org/fact-sheets/health-fact-sheet/.
> Kuehn BM. Odwala Amapita Kufunafuna Thandizo, Malangizo Othandiza pa Zaumoyo. JAMA. 2011; 305: 16.
> Lanseng EJ ndi Andreassen TW. Mapulogalamu a Zamagetsi: Kuphunzira Kukonzekera kwa Anthu ndi Maganizo pa Kuchita Kudziwa Kwambiri. International Journal of Service Industry Management. 2007; 18: 4.
> McMullan, M. Odwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito intaneti kupeza zokhudzana ndi umoyo: Izi zimakhudza bwanji ubale wathanzi. Maphunziro a Umoyo ndi Uphungu. 2006; 63.