Madokotala Amagwiritsa Ntchito Zipangizo Zambiri Kuti Azindikire Poizoni wa Pakinoni M'chipatala
Kuzindikira poizoni wa carbon monoxide n'kovuta kuposa momwe kumveka. Mwachidziŵikire, kutuluka kwa carbon monoxide kumawopsa kwambiri ku carbon monoxide m'magazi, ndipo ndiwo matenda. Zoona zake n'zakuti mpweya wa carbon monoxide uli m'kati mwake (momwe carbon monoxide ilili mumlengalenga) komanso nthawi (nthawi yomwe wodwalayo anali kupuma), zomwe zimatanthauza kuti poizoni wa carbon monoxide ndi kuphatikizapo kuzindikira zizindikiro komanso zizindikiro. kuyesa kuchuluka kwa CO mu magazi.
Kudziyesa / Kuyezetsa Pakhomo
Palibe njira yodzidzimitsira yokha ya poizoni ya carbon monoxide, koma aliyense yemwe ali ndi chisokonezo kapena kutayika kwa chidziwitso ayenera kukhala ndi 911 akuwayitanitsa. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, muyenera kukayikira poizoni wa carbon monoxide ngati anthu oposa mmodzi m'nyumba yomwe ili ndi magetsi (ng'anjo, moto, magetsi, magetsi, etc.) akudandaula za mutu ndi nseru.
Ngati akuganiza kuti poizoni wa carbon dioxide ndi poizoni, anthu onse ogwira ntchito ayenera kumapita panja kukapumira mpweya wabwino, komanso kuitanitsa 911. Ngati mukuganiza kuti CO ndi poizoni, musayese kuyendetsa galimoto; Itanani ambulansi.
CO mu Magazi
Mpweya wa monixide (CO) umamangiriza ku hemoglobin mofanana ndi mmene mpweya umachitira. Mwatsoka, hemoglobin ili ndi maulendo pafupifupi 230 ogwirizana ndi CO kuposa momwe amachitira oksijeni, kotero ngakhale ngakhale pang'ono pulogalamu ya carbon monoxide imene imaphatikizidwa imayendera hemoglobin ndi kutulutsa oksijeni kuchokera ku equation. Timatchedwa hemoglobin yomwe imagwirizanitsidwa ndi CO "carboxyhemoglobin," ndipo ndiyo njira imene timagwiritsira ntchito kudziŵa kuopsa kwa poizoni wa carbon monoxide.
Kuyesa Woyamba Woyamba
Otsutsa ena oyambirira amatha kuyeza carboxyhemoglobin m'magazi pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chotchedwa pulse carbon monoxide oximeter. Makamaka, kutentha kwa CO-oximeter kumayambitsa kukwanira kwa kaboni monoxide mu hemoglobin (SpCO). Amagwiritsa ntchito mafunde amphamvu (kawirikawiri amawoneka pamapazi) kuti ayese kuchuluka kwa carbon monoxide osasvasively.
Mtundu wina wosayenerera umagwiritsa ntchito mpweya wokhala ndi mpweya wabwino kuti udziwe kuti mumakhala monixoni. Kafukufuku wina apeza kuti CO yowonongeka si yolondola monga poizoni wa carbon monoxide.
SpCO siyinayambe kuwerengedwa ndi anthu onse oyamba, kotero mbiri ndi zofufuza zakuthupi akadalibe golide pa malo. Mwamwayi, chikhalidwe cha oximetry, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeza kokha ngati hemoglobini yodzaza ndi oxgyen kapena ayi, yanyengedwa ndi poizoni wa carbon monoxide kuti iwonetse mpweya wokwanira wochuluka wa oxygen pamene carboxyhemoglobin ilipo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti kukhale kofunikira kwambiri kupeza mbiri yabwino komanso kuunika kwa wodwalayo.
Mayesero a Laboratory
Mu chipatala, kuyesedwa kosavuta koma koyenera kwambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Amatchedwa mpweya wa magazi.
Magazi a gazi amayeza kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa mlengalenga-kawirikawiri mpweya ndi carbon dioxide-m'magazi mwa kukhetsa magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha. Mayeso ena ambiri a magazi amachotsa magazi m'mitsempha, yomwe ndi yophweka komanso yotetezeka kwa wodwalayo.
Kuyeza magazi kwa magazi kumayendera mpweya ndi carbon dioxide chifukwa mpweya umenewo umasintha kwambiri musanatuluke magazi. Mpweya wambiri wam'madzi-m'malo mochita mitsempha yotchedwa hemoglobin yotulutsa mpweya wabwino ndi kuchotsa mpweya woipa.
Popeza mpweya wa monoxide sugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mosavuta kuchotsedwa m'magazi, amatha kuyesedwa kupyolera mwazi wamagazi kapena wamagazi.
Mayesero a gazi amagazi amaonedwa kuti ndi olondola kuposa kupweteka kwa CO-oximetry. Ngakhale kuti oximetry ikuthandiza kuzindikira odwala omwe ali pamalo omwe ali ndi poizoni wa carbon monoxide, mpweya wamagazi uyenera kupezeka kuti utsimikizire ma carboxyhemoglobin levels.
Kujambula
Kuopsa kwa poizoni ya carbon monoxide yomwe imachokera ku mpweya waukulu wa carbon monoxide mufupikitsa nthawi yayitali sizomwe zimakhudza mpweya wa carbon monoxide. Kukhalitsa kwa nthawi yaitali (carbon) monoxide m'magazi ochepa kwambiri kungayambitsenso kuwonongeka kwa minofu, makamaka mtima ndi ubongo.
Ngakhale kuti magulu a carboxyhemoglobin omwe ali ndi matenda odwala nthawi zambiri amakhala ochepa kusiyana ndi odwala kwambiri, pali njira zina zodziwira kuwonongeka. Chofala kwambiri ndi kuyang'ana zidazi kudzera mu imaging zachipatala. Kujambula kwa magnetic resonance (MRI) ndiyo njira yabwino yopenda ubongo kuti iwonongeke ndi poizoni ya carbon monoxide.
Kusanthula Kusiyanasiyana
Chifukwa cha zizindikiro zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa poizoni wa carbon monoxide -maso, kusanza, mutu, kutopa, kupweteka pamfupa-zina zimaganiziridwa nthawi zonse. Mavuto a carbon monoxide m'nyumba ya wodwalayo amasonyeza kuti akhoza kukhala ndi poizoni wa carbon dioxide, koma zifukwa zinanso ziyenera kuchotsedwa.
Mndandandanda wa zosiyanitsa zosiyana ndizomwe zimadziwika kwambiri. Mlandu uliwonse uli wosiyana ndipo uyenera kuyesedwa malinga ndi momwe wodwala akufotokozera, mbiri, ndi mayesero.
> Zotsatira:
> Cannon, C., Bilkowski, R., Adhikari, S., & Nasr, I. (2004). Kugwirizana kwa carboxyhemoglobin pakati pa zinyama ndi zowononga magazi. Annals Of Emergency Medicine , 44 (4), S55. lembani: 10.1016 / j.annemergmed.2004.07.181
> Hullin, T., Aboab, J., Desseaux, K., Chevret, S., & Annane, D. (2017). Kugwirizana pakati pa kuchepa kwa kachipatala ndi zosiyana siyana zomwe sizingawonongeke za ndondomeko ya carbon monoxide: Phunziro la anthu. PLoS ONE , 12 (3), e0174672. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0174672
> Kuroda, H., Fujihara, K., Kushimoto, S., & Aoki, M. (2015). Kulemba kwa kachipatala kowonongeka kwa sequiloe ya neurologic pambuyo poizoni wa carbon monoxide ndi zinthu zogwirizana ndi zotsatira. Neurotoxicology , 48 , 35-43. lembani: 10.1016 / j.neuro.2015.03.002
> McKenzie, LB, Roberts, KJ, Shields, WC, McDonald, E., Omaki, E., Abdel-Rasoul, M., & Gielen, AC (2017). Kugawidwa ndi Kuunika kwa Kaloboni Monoxide Detector Kulowetsedwa mu Zida ziwiri: Emergency Dipatimenti ndi Urban Community. Journal of Environmental Health , 79 (9), 24-30.
> Rose, JJ, Wang, L., Xu, Q., McTiernan, CF, Shiva, S., Tejero, J., & Gladwin, MT (2017). Poizoni wa Pakinoni Monoxide: Pathogenesis, Management, ndi Directions Zamtsogolo za Thandizo. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine , 195 (5), 596-606. http://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201606-1275CI