Mankhwalawa amapangidwa ndi ziwalo zomwe zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti zitha kusintha chakudya, chomwe chimaperekedwa monga thupi lofunikira kwambiri m'thupi, kulowa mu mphamvu. Kwenikweni, dongosolo la m'mimba ndilo lalitali la chubu lomwe liri lotseguka kuchokera kumapeto awiri. Chakudya chimalowa pamapeto pake, kenaka chimadutsa mu chubu lakutali mkati mwa thupi lotchedwa m'mimba momwe zimakhala ndi zakudya zomwe thupi lingagwiritse ntchito, ndipo zotsalira zomwe sizinafotsidwe zimachotsedwa kuchokera kumapeto ena.
Ndondomeko ya chimbudzi imakhala yosavuta monga choncho. Mankhwalawa, omwe kachiwindi kaŵirikaŵiri amawoneka ngati mbali, amakhudza njira zofunikira ndi zovuta m'thupi lakumadya zakudya. Ndondomekoyi imayambira kuchokera mu kuyamwa kwa chakudya.
Chofunikira kwambiri, ntchito zazikulu za thirakiti la GI ndizofunika kudya ndi kutumiza chakudya, kusunga madzi ndi mavitamini omwe amafunikira kuti chimbudzicho chilowetse, kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala opangidwa, ndikuchotseratu zitsamba zotsala. Komabe, kuti mumvetsetse momwe lirilonse lirilonse likukhudzira timapepala ta GI pamodzi, ndi momwe ziwalo zina za machitidwe osiyanasiyana a thupi zimakakamizana wina ndi mzache, nkofunika kuti odwala matenda a chiwindi amvetsetse pomwe chiyambicho chimayamba - pakamwa.
Matenda a m'mimba
Tsamba la m'mimba ndilo lalitali la chubu kudzera mu thupi kumene chakudya chimadutsa pamene chimadutsa m'mimba.
Zimagwira ntchito ngati chipata cha chakudya pamene chimalowa m'kamwa, komanso njira yomwe imasamalira kudzera pa pharynx ndi pulopus . GI Tract imagwiranso ntchito ngati malo osungiramo katundu monga nyama yomwe imadulidwa chakudya imadulidwa mmimba musanalowetse thupi pamene zakudya zimatengedwera kuzinthu zina zomwe zimapangidwira.
Pomalizira pake, imakhala ngati "zotayira katundu" ngati zipangizo zomwe sizinakumbidwe zimachotsedwa pansi pa chubu kudzera mu anus.
Ntchito zonsezi sizingatheke kupyolera mu GI thirakiti yokha. Mavitamini, mapuloteni osakanikirana, zikondamoyo, chiwindi, ndulu, ndi ziwalo zina ndi zamadzimadzi zimathandiza kukumba chakudya ndi kutumiza zakudya. Chiwalo chilichonse chikuyambitsidwa ndi mahomoni omwe amati thupi lonse liziyenda molingana. Choncho, dongosolo lakumagwirira ntchito limagwirizanitsidwa ndipo likugwirizana ndi machitidwe ena a thupi. Zimagwirizana ndi kayendetsedwe ka ziwalo monga ziwalo zomwe zili mmenemo, monga chiwindi, ndizo zoyendetsa ndi / kapena kukonza zakudya zamatumbo m'matumbo ku thupi lonse. Mitsempha ya mitsempha, yomwe imayambitsa matenda a chiwindi a chiwindi kwambiri pamene ili ndi matenda, imathandizanso kuti muyambe kuyendetsa mavitaminiwo, komanso kupweteka kwa thupi. Minofuyi imapereka chithunzithunzi kuti igwe ndi kusunthira chakudya kudzera mu thirakiti la GI. Mahomoni ndi mawonekedwe a mitsempha otchedwa enteric apolisi amadzimadzi amadzimadzi omwe amachititsa ntchito ya GI thirakiti.
Kumene Zinthu Zimatulutsidwa mu Tsamba Lalikulu la GI
Kutsegula koyamba kwa dongosolo la zakudya zomwe chakudya chimayambira ulendo wake ndi pakamwa.
Manyowa mkati mwa pakamwa amachitidwa ndi kutafuna ndi kudula chakudya pang'onopang'ono. Mankhusu, omwe ndi chinthu chamadzimadzi, akubisika ndipo amatsitsa chirichonse kuti chichotse ndondomeko yotha. Saliva amapangidwa ndi michere yomwe imayambitsa kuyamwa kwa chakudya ndi mafuta omwe ayenera kutengedwera pamtunda. Odwala matenda a hepatitis ayenera kumvetsa kuti ndi "othandizira," chifukwa chimagwirizanitsa chakudya podutsa m'mimba. Wosaka chakudya chogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi phula amatembenuzidwa kukhala chidutswa cha mpira chotchedwa bolus - chomwe chimatumizidwa kupita ku malo.
Pali minofu yopanda chidwi m'mimba yomwe imafota ndi kuyambitsa chakudya m'mimba.
Pamene chakudya chatsekedwa mkati ndi zida zapamwamba zimasandulika kukhala bolus ndipo kenako zimameza, zimachoka pakamwa kupita ku pharynx. Mtunduwu, kapena wotchedwa throat, umagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oundana. Odwala matenda a chiwindi ayeneranso kuzindikira kuti kupatulapo chakudya chokwanira kupita ku mimba, pharynx imanyamula mphepo ndi mphepo. Kuyambira pa pharynx mpaka m'mimba, chigwacho ndi dongo lomwe lili ndi makoma amphamvu omwe amachititsa kuti chakudyacho chikhale ndi mitsempha yambiri yomwe imagwira ntchito mosavuta. Njirayi imadziwika kuti peristalsis. Ngati pangakhale kupanikizika kwapadera pamene fetus yamezedwa, mitsempha yosavuta kumbuyo kwa bolus ikugwirizanitsa kotero kuti iyo isabwerere pakamwa. Pali mzere wokhala ndi maseŵero omwe amachititsa kuti bolus ikhale yothamangira m'mimba. Njira ya peristalsis ndi kayendedwe kamodzi kokha, kuyendetsa ndi kusunga chakudya kupita pansi mpaka m'mimba.
Zolemba:
Kararli TT. Kuyerekeza za m'mimba, kutengera thupi, ndi chilengedwe cha anthu komanso nyama zomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri. Matenda Osokoneza Bongo a Biopharm. 1995 Jul; 16 (5): 351-80.
Ménard D. Kupititsa patsogolo ntchito za m'mimba: mahomoni - ndi kukula kwa njira zowonongeka. Kodi J Gastroenterol. 2004 Jan; 18 (1): 39-44.