Zowawa pa ubwana zingakhale ndi zotsatira za moyo pa thanzi ndi moyo. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, sikumangokhala kovuta kwambiri pa ubwana komwe kumakhudza ubwino, komanso kutalika, kwa moyo wa munthu. Zochitika zosiyanasiyana zovuta za ana, zomwe zimatchedwanso ACEs, zingakhale ndi zotsatira za nthawi yaitali pa thanzi. Phunziro loyamba la ACEs likuwoneka pa magawo asanu ndi awiri a zovuta za ana.
Izi zimangokhala kulumbirira kapena kunyozedwa ndi achikulire kunyumba, kuchitidwa nkhanza ndi kugonana, kukakhala ndi wachibale yemwe amachitira nkhanza zinthu kapena anali wodwala kwambiri. ACE oyesedwa anaphatikizanso kukhala ndi munthu wina m'banja kuti apite kundende kapena kuona kholo likuchitidwa mwamphamvu.
Chimene phunzirolo linapeza chinali chodabwitsa. Sizinangowonetsera kuti chizunzo chachikulu chinali ndi zotsatira za nthawi yaitali. Mmalo mwake, izo zasonyeza kuti panali mgwirizano wothandizira pakati pa zochitika zovuta za ana ndi zifukwa zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa imfa. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, ma ACE ambiri amene adakumana nawo (kuyambira 0 mpaka 7), amachititsa kuti pakhale chiopsezo cha zotsatira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo:
- Maphunziro apansi
- Zopeza ndalama
- Ulova
- Matenda a mtima
- Sitiroko
- Matenda a shuga
- Matenda a maganizo
- Kusuta mowa kapena kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso
- Phumu
- Matenda a chiwindi
Kusokonezeka kwa ana, monga kuyerekezedwa ndi mawerengero apamwamba a ACEs, kwawonetsedwanso kuti kuonjezera chiopsezo cha mavuto osiyanasiyana okhudzana ndi kugonana kuphatikizapo:
- Kuyambira kugonana pamene ali wamng'ono kuposa owerengeka
- Mimba yautsikana
- Chiwawa chogonana
- Ambiri ogonana nawo
- Chiwawa chokwatirana
- Matenda opatsirana pogonana
Zovuta zochitika za ana ndizofala kwambiri. Phunziro loyambiriralo, oposa theka la ophunzirawo anali ndi mtundu umodzi wowonetsera.
Kuwonjezera apo, ngati iwo akanakhala ndi chiwonetsero chimodzi, iwo akanakhala nawo ochuluka. Ana oposa anayi (5) aliwonse omwe adakumana ndi vuto linalake lopwetekedwa kapena kusokonezeka kwa nyumba, adawonanso kachiwiri. Komabe, kupitirira 6 peresenti yokha pokhapokha kunawonetsedwa maulendo anai kapena kuposa. Ndi anthu awa amene anali pangozi yaikulu ya zotsatira zosiyanasiyana.
Kodi zimatheka bwanji kuti zochitika zomwe zimachitika ali mwana zingakhudze moyo wonse wa munthu? Zikuwoneka kuti zimakhudzana kwambiri ndi makhalidwe-onse amadziŵa komanso osadziŵa. Izi zanenedwa, ndizotheka kuti pali zina, zomwe sizinakhalidwe, zomwe zimagwira ntchito. Zinthu izi zingagwirizane ndi zikhalidwe zamakhalidwe ndipo, monga choncho, zikhale zovuta kuziyeza. Komabe, kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti zovuta zomwe zimachitikira ana zingagwirizane ndi kusintha kwa chitetezo cha mthupi chomwe chimapangitsa anthu kukhala ndi matenda ambiri. Angakhalenso akugwirizana ndi kusintha kwa kagayidwe kamene kamagwirizanitsidwa ndi shuga ndi mavuto ena azaumoyo.
Kumvetsetsa zokhudzana pakati pa zipsinjo za mwana ndi matenda zingakhale zovuta. Kuyang'ana ubale pakati pa zovuta za ana ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana ndi njira imodzi yodziwira njirayo.
Zovuta za Ana ndi Matenda Opatsirana pogonana
Pamene ana amachitira nkhanza kapena mitundu ina yachisokonezo, amasintha njira zomwe amachitira ndi dziko lapansi.
Kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti ana omwe adakumana ndi zowawa amatha kukhala ndi makhalidwe angapo osagwirizana. Izi zikuphatikizapo kusokonezeka kudya, kusuta, kugwiritsa ntchito mowa mwauchidakwa, ndi khalidwe loopsa la kugonana . Zonsezi zikhoza kupangitsa anthu kumverera bwino kwa kanthaŵi kochepa, ndi kuwathandiza kuthana nawo. Mwamwayi, khalidwe lolimbana ndi vutoli likugwirizananso ndi mavuto ambiri azadwala pakagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali.
Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti ma ACE ambiri omwe akumana nawo, amawopsa kwambiri kuti apeze kuti ali ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana. Chiyanjano pakati pa ACEs ndi STD chawonetsedwa mwa amuna ndi akazi komanso m'mitundu yonse.
Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa chakuti ma ACE ambiri amakhala ndi munthu, ndizowonjezereka kuti adzalandira zifukwa chimodzi kapena zingapo zomwe zimayambitsa chiwerewere. Anthu omwe ali ndi ziwerengero zazikulu za ACEs awonetsedwa kuti akhoza kuyamba kugonana asanakwanitse zaka 15, amakhala ndi zibwenzi zogonana zoposa 30, ndipo ali ndi vuto la kumwa mowa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Ndipotu, chiopsezo chowonjezereka cha matenda opatsirana pogonana ndi ma ACE ambiri chikuwonekera kuti chachitika chifukwa cha chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha makhalidwe amenewa.
Kusokonezeka kwa Ana ndi Kulephera Kugonana
Mwina mosakayikira, palinso deta yolumikiza kupsinjika kwa ubwana kuntchito yopanda kugonana. Anthu omwe akufunafuna mankhwala opatsirana pogonana ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi ACE ambiri kuposa anthu ambiri. Izi sizikuwonetsa zowopsya zomwe tatchulidwa pamwambapa koma kuti thanzi labwino ndi labwino komanso lachidziwitso. Kuphatikiza pa kukhudza khalidwe, chisonkhezero chimakhudza chojambulidwa ndi kugwirizana. Izi zikasokonezeka, zingayambitse kugonana chifukwa chosowa chidwi kapena chisangalalo ku mantha ndi ululu.
Kufotokozera Zotsatira Zakale za Zovuta za Ana
Chitetezo chabwino kwambiri pa zotsatira za nthawi yaitali za kupsinjika kwa ana ndikumasintha kuti dziko likhale lochepa kuti ana ochepa akhudzidwe kwambiri. Komabe, sizingatheke nthawi zonse. Ndi chifukwa chake nkofunika kuthandizanso anthu kuthana ndi zotsatira za nthawi yachisokonezo pa thanzi lawo. Izi zimaphatikizapo luso la kuphunzitsa zokhudzana ndi kupirira bwino komanso kulimbitsa mtima komanso kuthandiza anthu kuthana ndi mavuto awo mwachithandizo chodziwitsidwa ndi zoopsa komanso zina zowonongeka.
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