Malangizo ochepetsa kuchepetsa kudalira kwa chamba cha mankhwala.
Kusuta chamba ndizozoloŵera, monga momwe ma TV akuwonetsera, ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi mankhwala osuta chamba .
M'mayiko ngati Canada, kumene madokotala amatha kupereka mankhwala osuta monga momwe amakhalira ndi lamulo la federal, kudalira mankhwala kumakhala kovuta.
Madokotala akufuna kupereka mankhwala kuti athe kuchepetsa zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi matenda aakulu monga multiple sclerosis popanda kuwonjezera kudalira pa mankhwala.
Pofuna kuchepetsa kudalira ndi kugwiritsira ntchito molakwa, madokotala ena a ku Canada adalongosola momwe angagwiritsire ntchito papepala moyenera.
Kusuta Chidakwa ndi Kupirira
Nthano yochuluka yochuluka ya chamba ndi yakuti mankhwalawa "sakhala osokoneza bongo." Chonde kumbukirani kuti chamba, monga mankhwala alionse, imakhala ndi nkhanza, kulekerera, ndi kudalira. Ndipotu, pakati pa 9 ndi 12 peresenti ya ogwiritsira ntchito onse ndi ovuta omwe ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa amachititsa kuti thupi ndi zotsatira zake zitheke. Zotsatira zoterezi zikuphatikizapo kugwiritsidwa ntchito kosagwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lonse, kuwonongeka kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kusokoneza ntchito kuntchito ndi kusukulu, kusokoneza mgwirizano wa chikhalidwe, ndi ngozi yowopsa ya galimoto.
Kudalira chimbudzi kumayamba pang'onopang'ono kwa iwo amene amasuta nthawi zonse. Pakapita nthawi, anthu omwe amadalira mankhwalawa amayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mphika tsiku ndi tsiku komanso kuchuluka kwa mlingo. Ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amadalira mankhwalawa angayang'anenso zovuta zambiri ndi kukonzekera.
Monga momwe ziliri ndi mankhwala aliwonse, kudalira chigololo kumachepetsa zotsatira zokondweretsa kapena zosangalatsa za mankhwala. Izi zimachepetsa mu zosangalatsa kwa ogwiritsira ntchito ogwira ntchito omwe amasonyeza kuti akulekerera chizolowezi cha chamba ndi zotsatira za thupi. Zizindikiro zina za kulekerera kwa mankhwala ndi zotsatira zake zimaphatikizansopo kuphatikizapo kuwonjezeka kwa chidukitso-kuwonjezereka kuwonjezeka kwa kugunda kwa mtima (tachycardia) ndi kuchepa kumapeto kwa jekeseni wothandizira (blood-shot shot).
Pambuyo pa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, chizoloŵezi cha mbodya chimayamba kukhala ndi zizindikiro zotsalira. Zizindikirozi zimatha masiku angapo pambuyo pa kutha ndipo zimaphatikizapo kukhumudwa, kukhumba, kutaya chiwerewere, ndi kusokonezeka kwa tulo. Mwamwayi, zizindikiro zoterezi zimatha mkati mwa masabata angapo osagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo ozoloŵera omwe amagwiritsira ntchito ntchito amalephera kuvomereza kuthupi ndi zotsatira za maganizo a mankhwala.
Poyerekeza ndi kuchoka kwa mankhwala ena monga heroin ndi mowa, kuchotsa kusuta chamba ndi kosavuta ndipo sikufuna kuti munthu azikhala m'chipatala. Komabe, mankhwalawa ndi othandizira omwe akukonzekera kusiya mankhwalawa.
Zaka zaposachedwapa, alimi ogwiritsa ntchito mphika ndi omwe akugawira mbatata akhala akugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga sinsemilla ndi kukonzekera mafuta a maoliva omwe ali okwera kwambiri mu THC, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osuta kwambiri.
M'zaka za m'ma 1970, chiwerengero cha THC mu mphika wa fodya chinali 1 peresenti koma tsopano pafupifupi 13 peresenti. Malingana ndi momwe chigulitsicho chimakonzera, chamba chikhoza kukhala ndi zokhudzana ndi THC. Kuwonjezeka kwachikulireku kumalimbitsa kudalira ndikudetsa nkhawa.
Malangizo Othandiza Kugwiritsa Ntchito Marijuana Zamankhwala
Palibe malangizo abwino omwe angapangitse kuti asuta fodya chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Utsogoleri wotere umadalira kufufuza bwino, ndipo pali kafukufuku wochepa pa nkhaniyo.
Komabe, pogwiritsa ntchito zomwe tikudziwa zokhudza udzu, madokotala akufalitsa ku Canada Medical Association Journal mu 2014 apereka uphungu wa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito chamba chamankhwala. Nazi zina mwa malangizo awo:
- Asanayambe kumwa mbidzi zachipatala, odwala ayenera kuyamba kukonzekera molankhulidwe ngati nabilone.
- Mankhwala osuta sayenera kusakanizidwa ndi chikonga kapena mowa.
- Ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osuta sayenera kusuta tsiku lililonse.
- Odwala amene amasuta chamba ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito vaporizer kuti achepetse kutaya mpweya wa carbon monoxide komanso mankhwala omwe angawonongeke.
- Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a maganizo, matenda ovutika maganizo, ndi matenda ena a maganizo ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa mosamala asanayambe kumwa mankhwala osuta. Kuphatikizanso apo, ogwiritsira ntchito ameneŵa ayenera kusuta chamba cogonana kokha nthaŵi zina.
- Katemera wouma uyenera kukhala wokhazikika kwa 9% ya ndondomeko ya THC.
- Ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osuta ayenera kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa fungo la 400 mg patsiku kapena kulikonse pakati pa 4 ndi 8 phokoso pamasiku omwe akugwiritsira ntchito.
- Anthu omwe amasuta mbatata sayenera kusunga mpweya wawo akusuta. Ngakhale kuli kovuta kufotokoza kuchuluka kwa THC ndi zida zowonongeka zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zilowerere m'mapapo, zimakhulupirira kuti kugwira mpweya wanu kumawonjezera bioavailability.
- Kugwiritsira ntchito chamba cogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ayenera kukhala kwa odwala zaka 25 kapena kuposerapo. (Ofufuza amafotokoza umboni wakuti chamba chimakhudza ubongo wopita patsogolo.)
- Mankhwala osokoneza bongo sayenera kuuzidwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto logwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
- Anthu sayenera kuyendetsa galimoto kapena kugwiritsa ntchito makina olimba kwa maola asanu ndi limodzi atatha kusuta chamba chamankhwala.
- Chimanga chogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha kuchepetsa zizindikiro za matenda ndi kusabweretsa kuledzera ndi kukhumudwa kwa chidziwitso. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, anthu omwe amasuta mbakata zachipatala sayenera kukhala ovuta kwambiri.
Potsirizira pake, chamba cha mankhwala chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda oopsa. Anthu omwe ali ndi mankhwala osuta sayenera kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala awo kuti azitha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kuti azikhala ndi nthawi zambiri.
Ku United States, akuluakulu a boma ndi boma akudandaula kwambiri ndi chamba cakuti amathera nthawi yaying'ono kuti agwirizane ndi nkhani yofunika kwambiri yomwe ilipo: M'mayiko ena, anthu amalamulidwa kusuta chamba mosasamala ndi mafashoni kudalira, kulekerera, ndi kuchotsa.
Zotsatira:
> Kahan M ndi Srivastava A, "Malamulo atsopano azachidakwa a zachipatala: mkuntho ukudza" Canadian Medical Association Journal, 2014.
Martin PR. Mutu 15. Matenda Okhudzana ndi Zinthu. Mu: Ebert MH, Loosen PT, Nurcombe B, Leckman JF. eds. Kufufuza Koyamba ndi Kuchiza: Psychiatry, 2e . New York, NY: Hill ya McGraw; 2008.
Mello NK, Mendelson JH. Mutu 394. Cocaine ndi Zina Zambiri Zogwiritsidwa Ntchito Mowa. Mu: Longo DL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Jameson J, Loscalzo J. eds. Mfundo za Harrison za Internal Medicine, 18e . New York, NY: Hill ya McGraw; 2012.