Phunziro Lapeza Ambiri Ochepa Amayi Amadzipiritsa Mapuloteni Asanayambe Kufufuza
Stethoscopes amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi dokotala aliyense woyang'anira chisamaliro chachikulu, ndipo ndi chida chapadziko lonse cha malonda. Komabe, ndi ochepa okha madokotala omwe amaganiza kwambiri kuti aziwatsitsa.
Ngakhale kuti nkhaŵa zokhudzana ndi stethoscope zakhala zikudziwika kwa zaka makumi ambiri, sizinayambe zanyalanyazidwa ndi ukhondo wa stethoscope. Kafukufuku waposachedwapa amasonyeza kuti madokotala owerengeka kapena opanda mankhwala amawaza ma stethoscopes awo asanayambe kuwafufuza odwala.
Kuyang'anitsitsa Malo Opanda Mafinya
Pafupifupi 28 maphunziro, kuchuluka kwake kwa stethoscope kusokonezeka ndi mabakiteriya ndi 85 peresenti, ndipo kuyambira 47 mpaka 100 peresenti. M'mawu ena, ambiri a stethoscopes amatenga mabakiteriya.
Ngakhale kuti mabakiteriya ambiri omwe amapezeka pa stethoscopes sali odwala, kapena samayambitsa matenda, palinso nkhaŵa kuti sitima yotchedwa staphylococcus aureus , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , vanocycin resistococcici, ndi Clostridium difficile , zomwe zimayambitsa matenda.
Komanso, kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti mabakiteriyawa angathe kuchotsedwa ku stethoscope kupita khungu. Kafukufuku wina waposachedwapa amasonyeza kuti pakapita koyezetsa thupi, stethoscope imakhala yoipitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya monga momwe dzanja lalikulu la dokotala likugwiritsira ntchito panthawi yofufuza. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, ngati dokotala wanu akugwiritsa ntchito dzanja lamanja kuti akuyeseni inu, dzanja ili liri loipitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya monga stethoscope.
Mpaka pano, palibe kafukufuku amene adafufuza mgwirizano pakati pa stethoscopes ndi matenda okhudzana ndi thanzi.
Nthawi zambiri ma stethoscopes amayeretsedwa amakhudza mavayira awo ndi mabakiteriya. Kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti kawirikawiri matenda ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amachititsa kuti pakhale nthendayi kuyambira 84 peresenti mpaka 33 peresenti.
Chofunika koposa, kuyeretsa kwambiri kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha mankhwala ndi MRSA , chamoyo chosagonjetsa tizilombo.
N'zochititsa chidwi kuti 100 peresenti ya stethoscopes ya decontaminated imakhala yowonongeka ndi mabakiteriya atakhala odwala asanu kapena oposa.
Kafukufuku akuwonetsanso kuti opereka chithandizo chamankhwala amene amasamba m'manja nthawi zonse pakati pa odwala amakhalanso ndi poizoni wochepa kwambiri.
Stethoscope Ukhondo
Zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zipangizo zamankhwala zosafunikira, monga stethoscopes, zimatsukidwa ndi ethyl kapena isopropyl mowa. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito kusamba manja angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti asamalire ma stethoscopes.
Zotsatira zabwino, chithandizo cha ukhondo ndi ukhondo wa stethoscope chiyenera kuphatikizidwa. Njira imodzi yokondweretsedwa ya stethoscope kutayika kumayambitsa choyamba chophimba chifuwa cha stethoscope ndi mowa wodula manja, ndikutsuka m'manja pamene stethoscope ikuuma.
Mwinanso, oyeretsa manja opangidwa ndi ethanol, opukuta mowa, kapena chithovu chakumwa mowa amatha kugwiritsa ntchito kuyeretsa stethoscopes.
Mufukufuku wa 2017, Holleck ndi olemba mabuku anafufuza miyeso ya ukhondo wa stethoscope pakati pa antchito a nyumba, ophunzira azachipatala, ndi madokotala. Pulogalamuyi, ophunzirawo anaphunzitsidwa za ukhondo wa stethoscope pogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ya PowerPoint, mapepala ankatumizidwa kuti akumbutse aliyense kuti azitsuka ma stethoscopes, ndipo zoyeretsa zinapangidwa mosavuta.
Ophunzirawo anawonedwa mwachinsinsi kuchokera kunja kwa zipinda kuti azikhala oyeretsa komanso atsupa. Pambuyo pa maphunziro ndi maphunziro, palibe amene adawonetseratu mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito stethoscopes. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, ngakhale kuti aphunzitsidwa kuyeretsa stethoscopes awo, palibe amene adachita.
Kuchita chilungamo, phunziroli linali laling'ono. Pambuyo pa kulowererapo, anthu okwana 41 okha ndiwo anawonetsedwa chifukwa cha machitidwe a ukhondo wa stethoscope. Komabe, zofukufukuzi zikugwirizana ndi zomwe apeza kafukufuku wina wofufuza mitengo ya ukhondo wa stethoscope. Mwachidziwitso, kafukufuku wina adawona kuti anthu 4.6 peresenti ya ophunzira omwe amagwira ntchito pa malo atatu osukulu amachotsa ma stethoscopes awo m'miyezi 11.
Malingana ndi Holleck ndi alembi ena:
Ngakhale tikulephera, tikuganiza kuti izi zikuwunikira zofunikira, koma nthawi zambiri zimalepheretsa kuthetsa vuto la matenda pozindikira momwe kawirikawiri stethoscope ukhondo wasagwiritsidwira ntchito, ndipo zikuwonetsa kuti maphunziro apamwamba sangakhale yankho. Timakhulupirira kuti ukhondo wa stethoscope uyenera kuphatikizidwa muzitsulo zonse za ukhondo. Mwinamwake kuyankha kungaperekedwe poyitanitsa wothandizira, monga dokotala wokhalapo wamkulu, kukhala mtsogoleri ndi gulu lothandizira kukukumbutsani ndikuonetsetsa kuti stethoscope ndi ukhondo wachitidwa.
Mawu Ochokera
Zikuwoneka kuti madokotala ochepa okha amatsuka ma stethoscopes awo asanayambe kumufufuza wodwalayo. Ngakhale kuti mabakiteriya ambiri omwe amapezeka pa stethoscopes sagwidwa ndi matenda, mabakiteriya owopsa kwambiri (ndi mavairasi) amapitanso ku stethoscopes. Mabakiteriyawa akhoza kusamutsidwa kuchokera ku stethoscopes kupita khungu ndipo akhoza kukhala ngati magwero a matenda.
Mukaona kuti dokotala wanu kapena wothandizira zaumoyo alephera kusamba m'manja kapena stethoscope, muyenera kupempha kuti achite zimenezo. Madokotala ali otanganidwa ndi anthu, ndipo zikutheka kuti amaiwala kuyeretsa ma stethoscopes awo nthawi zonse. Mwa kukumbutsa dokotala wanu kapena wothandizira zaumoyo za ukhondo wabwino, mukhoza kuthandiza kupewa matenda.
Madokotala ndi akatswiri ena azachipatala amafunika kuzindikira kuti stethoscopes ikhoza kukhala yodetsedwa ngati manja ndipo imafunika kuti ikhale ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda patatha ntchito iliyonse. Kuchita zimenezi kungapangitse chisamaliro cha odwala komanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kufalitsa matenda-makamaka mabakiteriya omwe sagonjetsedwa ngati MRSA.
> Zotsatira:
> Bukharie, HA, et al. Kuwonongeka kwa bakiteriya kwa stethoscopes. J Family Community Med. 2004; 11: 31-33.
> O'Flaherty, N, Fenelon, L. Stethoscope ndi matenda othandizira matenda: njoka mu udzu kapena woyang'anira wosalakwa? Journal of Infection Hospital. 2015; 91: 1-7.
> Holleck, Jürgen L. ndi al. Kodi maphunziro angakhudze ukhondo wa stethoscope? American Journal of Infection Control. 2017; 45: 811 - 812.
> Zowonongeka Kuletsa Kufalikira kwa MRSA. CDC. www.cdc.gov.