Mawu akuti exanthem amatanthauza kuphulika kwa khungu komwe kumaphulika kapena kumamasula. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokozera kuthamanga komwe kumafalikira pa thupi, kumasiyanitsa, ndi kufiira ndi macules kapena papules, koma popanda mamba. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala chifukwa cha matenda a tizilombo kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Zikhozanso kuyambitsidwa ndi mankhwala, poizoni, kapena matenda omwe amadzimadzimadzi okhaokha. Kuthamanga kungakhale kosasangalatsa.
Mafupa ambiri omwe amachititsidwa ndi mavairasi kapena mabakiteriya nthawi zambiri amakhala mbali ya matenda oopsa ndi malungo, malaise, ndi mutu. Kuthamanga kwa khungu kumayambitsidwa ndi momwe thupi limayendera ndi poizoni opangidwa ndi kachilomboka, kapenanso chitetezo cha mthupi thupi limayendera ku zamoyo kapena kuwonongeka kumene thupi limapangitsa khungu.
Mawu akuti exanthem kapena exanthema amachokera ku mawu achigriki otanthauza "kutha." Izi ndi zosiyana ndi mawu enanthem kapena enanthema, omwe amathamanga kwambiri.
Kuzindikira Zambiri
Kuwoneka mwadzidzidzi, kuthamanga kwafala, makamaka ndi malungo ndi malaise ndi chifukwa chochezera dokotala kapena kuchipatala chofulumira, popeza zina zimayambitsa chithandizo cham'mawa. Chifukwa cha matendawa, kaŵirikaŵiri amapezeka ndi madokotala oyang'anira chisamaliro kapena omwe amapereka chithandizo mwamsanga.
Mitundu yambiri ya exanthem imakhala ndi maonekedwe omwe amathandizira kudziwa kusiyana kwa matenda kapena ndondomeko yomwe ikuyambitsa.
Ndi mbali ya maphunziro a zachipatala kuti azindikire ziphuphuzi. Koma kutsimikiziranso kungaphatikizepo kutenga chithunzithunzi cha kuyezetsa kachilombo kapena kudziwika kwa PCR. Mayesero a magazi angapangidwe pofuna kuyang'ana ma antibodies kwa ma virus ndi mabakiteriya. Mankhwala a DNA angathenso kuzindikira anthu okayikira.
Mbiri Yambiri ya Zakale
Zakale zimakhala zowerengedwa mokwanira malinga ndi maonekedwe awo ndi kufotokoza kwawo.
- Matenda oyamba - chimanga, makamaka rubeola, chifukwa cha measles morbillivirus.
- Matenda Achiwiri - Chiwopsezo chofiira, chomwe chimapezeka pambuyo pa matenda Streptococcus pyrogens (gulu A streptococcus). Izi zikhoza kuchitika ngati matenda a khosi, strep throat.
- Matenda atatu - rubella kapena chimfine cha German, chochitidwa ndi kachilombo ka rubella.
- Matenda achinayi - Matenda a "Dukes" (mwinamwake coxsackievirus kapena matenda a echovirus)
- Matenda asanu - erythema infectiosum, yochitidwa ndi parvovirus B19.
- Matenda asanu ndi limodzi - roseola infantum , oyambitsa herpesviruses HHV-6 ndi HHV-7.
Childhood Exantms
Chickenpox (varicella zoster virus), mitsempha, ndi chimfine ndizoziwoneka bwino kwa ana, komanso izi kuchokera m'ndandanda wamakono: chimanga, rubella, roseola, erythema infectiosum. Zambiri mwazikhoza kutetezedwa ndi katemera.
Zachilombo Zambiri Zachilombo ndi Mabakiteriya
Mafupa a kachilombo koyambitsa matenda opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mavairasi omwe amapezeka pamtunduwu amatenga kachilombo ka HIV kameneka (kachilombo ka HIV). Nthomba yomwe idathetsedwa tsopano inapanga exanthem. Chiwindi cha hepatitis ndi infectious mononucleosis chimene chimayambitsa matenda a Epstein-Barr chikhoza kutulutsa exanthem.
Matenda a bakiteriya omwe amachititsa kuti ziphuphu zifalikire ndizophatikizapo matenda akuluakulu a Staphylococcus toxin ndi matenda opatsirana a Streptococcal poizoni kuphatikizapo poizoni wodetsa matenda ndi chiwopsezo chofiira.
Matenda a Mycoplasma, matenda a Kawasaki, ndi matenda a rickettsial angayambitse izi.
Mlandu wamachiritso
Mankhwalawa akugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda omwe amayambitsa matendawa, ena mwa iwo ali oopseza moyo koma ena omwe amafunika kuthandizidwa okha kapena kudziletsa. Chithandizo chochepetsera malungo chimachitidwa. Zikondwerero zingaperekedwe kuti kuchepetsa kutentha ngati kuthamanga kuli kovuta.