Nkhumba ndi TB yomwe imayambitsa matenda omwe amachititsa matenda a variola. Zizindikiro zoyambirira zikufanana ndi chimfine, kupita patsogolo mpaka kuthamanga masiku angapo pambuyo pake zomwe zimasanduka zilonda zakuya zomwe zimadzaza ndi madzi. Zilondazi zimatuluka, kutumphuka, ndi nkhanambo pamwamba pake, potsiriza kugwa ndikusiya zipsera. Palibe mankhwala kapena chithandizo cha nthomba, koma moyamikira, iyo inathetsedwa mu 1980, kutanthauza kuti izo sizinayambe zimachitika kulikonse padziko.
Ngakhale kuti katemera wa tizilombo ndi othandiza kwambiri kuti matendawa asatetezedwe, zimakhudzana ndi zotsatira zodziwika zomwe zimachokera ku zotsatira zowawa ngati ululu ndi kutentha pang'ono ku zotsatira zoyipa monga matenda mu mtima kapena ubongo. Zotsatira zoopsazi ndi chifukwa chake anthu ambiri samapezeka katemera nthawi zonse. Ngati pangakhale chiphuphu kapena mliri wa nthomba, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ili ndi katemera okwanira omwe angapangitse munthu aliyense ku United States.
Zizindikiro Zowonjezereka
Chifukwa chowopsa kwambiri, nthomba imatha kulumikizidwa ndi kuyanjana maso ndi maso ndi anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo. Iyenso imafalikira mlengalenga komanso mwa kuyanjana ndi zobvala kapena zofunda zonyansa. Ngati munthu ali ndi kachilomboka, pali nthawi yotsitsimula masiku 7 mpaka 19 zizindikiro zisanayambe kukula.
Ngakhale kuti imafalikira mosavuta munthu aliyense, zizindikiro zoyamba zimakhala ngati chimfine ndipo zingaphatikizepo:
- Kutentha kwakukulu
- Kutopa
- Mutu
- Kusintha
- Kuthamanga
Patapita masiku angapo, zilonda zofiira, zofiira zidzayamba kuonekera pamaso, manja, ndi manja, ndipo pamapeto pake pamakhala thunthu la thupi lanu. Pakangotha masiku ochepa, zilonda zambiri ziyamba kusanduka tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Madzi otenthawa adzasanduka pus. Pakapita nthawi, zilondazo zidzaluma ndikusiya kusiya zipsera zakuya, zopotoka.
Mavuto
Ngati muli ndi pakati kapena chitetezo cha chitetezo cha m'thupi, kutenga nthomba kungakhale koopsa kwambiri. M'mbuyomu, pafupifupi mmodzi mwa anthu atatu amene anadwala nthomba Kuchokera ku nthomba kunasiya anthu ambiri okhala ndi zipsinjo zosatha ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale kutaya minofu kuchokera ku kutaya minofu kapena nkhope. Chifukwa chakuti zilonda zimapanga maso ndi kuzungulira maso, matenda opatsirana ndi maso ndi zina zimakhala zovuta. Kawirikawiri, anthu amatha kutuluka khungu chifukwa cha nthomba.
Nthawi Yomwe Muwone Dokotala
Palibe amene wakhala ndi nthomba ku United States kuyambira 1949, ndipo palibe wina aliyense amene wakhalapo nawo kuyambira 1978, kotero ngati anthu angachite nawo mgwirizano tsopano, mwina chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito kachilombo ka variola monga chida chogwiritsira ntchito Kuchokera ku kachilombo koyambitsa matenda. Mwachitsanzo, ku Siberia, ku Russia, kutenthedwa kwa madzi kumachititsa malo ambiri omwe kale anali oundana kuti asungunuke, zomwe zingathe kuwonetsa manda ndi matupi omwe ali ndi matenda a variola.
Zingakhale zovuta kudziwa kuti muli ndi nthomba mpaka mphukirayo ikuyamba ndipo mukuyamba kukula zilonda zamadzimadzi kuyambira zizindikiro zoyambirira zikufanana ndi za chimfine.
Ngati mukukula zothamanga, ziribe kanthu zomwe mukuganiza, muyenera kuwona dokotala wanu. Ngati dokotala akukayikira ndi nthomba, mumakhala nokha ndipo dokotala wanu azigwira ntchito ndi CDC kuti akupezeni ndikukuchitirani. Izi zidzasonyezeranso zoopsa zaumphawi zomwe CDC ili yokonzeka kupanga ndondomeko yothetsera vutoli kapena zoopsa za bioterrorism.
> Zotsatira:
> Zomwe Zingathetsere Kudwala ndi Kuteteza Matenda (CDC). Chipolopolo: Zizindikiro ndi Zizindikiro. Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ya Ukhondo ku United States. Idasinthidwa pa June 7, 2016.
> Zomwe Zingathetsere Kudwala ndi Kuteteza Matenda (CDC). Nkhumba: Bioterrorism: Zoopsa. Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ya Ukhondo ku United States. Idasinthidwa pa December 19, 2016.
> Chipatala cha Mayo Clinic. Nthomba. Ophunzira a Mayo Clinic. Idasinthidwa pa July 26, 2017.
> World Health Organization (WHO). Mafunso Ofunsidwa kawirikawiri ndi Mayankho pa Bululokosi. Idasinthidwa pa June 28, 2016.