Kutsika kwa chithokomiro chochepa kungakhudze kukula ndi chitukuko
Mavuto a chithokomiro angakhudze ana monga akuluakulu, koma siwowoneka ngati makolo ena amakhulupirira. Ngakhale kuti makolo ena amanena kuti kulemera kwa mwana kumakhala ndi "vuto la chithokomiro," sizingakhale choncho.
Matenda a chithokomiro akapezeka mwa ana, nthawi zambiri amakhala okhudzana ndi chithokomiro chopanda mphamvu, chomwe chimatchedwanso hypothyroidism .
Izi zimapangitsa kuti mavitamini a chithokomiro apangidwe omwe angapangitse mavuto a kagayidwe ka ana, kuphatikizapo msinkhu, kuchedwa msinkhu, ndi kutopa.
Chifukwa cha hypothyroidism chingakhale chobadwa (kutanthauza kuti choloŵa chochokera kwa makolo anu) kapena chopezeka (choyambitsa matenda ena a Hashimoto, kusowa kwa ayodini, kapena kuchiza kwa mankhwala). Akuti mwana mmodzi mwa ana 1,500 mpaka 3,000 adzafika ku congenital hypothyroidism, pamene mmodzi pa zana adzapeza hypothyroidism.
Kutsika kwa chithokomiro kumakhala kovuta chifukwa kungathe kusokoneza kukula ndi kukula kwa mwana. Kutopa kumene kumayambitsa kukhoza kusokoneza ntchito ku sukulu ndi kubera ana mphamvu zofunikira pa masewera ndi zina.
Congenital Hypothyroidism
Chomwe chimayambitsa matenda obadwa ndi hypothyroidism ndi chithokomiro cha dysgenisitis chomwe chithokomiro cha chithokomiro chimakhala chosowa, chopunduka, kapena chopanda mphamvu kwambiri.
Chithokomiro cha matenda a chithokomiro chimawerengera pafupifupi 85 peresenti ya onse odwala matenda opatsirana pogonana.
Zina mwazi zimaphatikizapo matenda otchedwa thyroid dyshormonogenesis, omwe mahomoni a chithokomiro sakusinthidwa bwino chifukwa cha chilema.
Ambiri omwe amangobadwa kumene ali ndi ubongo wambirimbiri sangakhale ndi zizindikiro za matendawa.
Omwe amatha kuchita amatha kusonyeza ubongo, kudyetsa bwino, kudzimbidwa, komanso kulira. Chizindikiro china chimakhala ndi jaundice yaitali. Apa ndi pamene mtundu wachikasu wa khungu la mwana wakhanda, womwe umapezeka pafupifupi 50 peresenti ya ana a nthawi zonse, umapitirira kwa milungu iwiri.
Kuyeza kwanu kwa thyrotropin kapena thyroxine (T4) ndiyo njira yodziŵika bwino kwa ana obadwa kumene. Pokhapokha atapatsidwa chithandizo chabwino, cholinga cha chithandizo ndi kuonetsetsa kuti maselo amatha kukula bwino, pathupi (ponena za thupi) ndi mitsempha ya thupi (kunena ubongo ndi manjenje).
Kupeza Hypothyroidism
Matenda a Hashimoto (omwe amadziwikanso kuti Hashimoto's thyroiditis) ndi, makamaka, omwe amachititsa kuti hypothyroidism ipeze. Ndi matenda omwe amachititsa kuti chitetezo cha mthupi chiteteze chitetezo cha mthupi komanso kuyambitsa zida za chithokomiro.
Kupeza hypothyroidism kumawoneka pa nthawi zinayi pa atsikana kuposa anyamata. Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro za khalidwe ndi kutupa kwa khosi chifukwa cha kukulitsa kwa chithokomiro (goiter). Zizindikiro zina za hypothyroidism ndizo:
- Nthawi yayitali kapena kuchepa kwa kukula
- Khungu louma, louma
- Kutsekedwa
- Kusagwirizana kolimba
- Mutu
- Kutopa
- Kugona mokwanira
- Mavuto a masomphenya
- Kulira kosavuta
- Matenda a mazira ( galactorrhea )
- Kusamba kwa msinkhu
- Kutha msinkhu (nthawi zambiri chizindikiro chowonekera choyamba mu zaka zachinyamata)
- Kutha msinkhu (makamaka kuwonedwa kwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu,
Kuyezetsa thupi ndi kuyezetsa T4 kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti mudziwe. Njira yochiritsira imakhala yofanana ndi ya congenital hypothyroidism. Zolinga za mankhwalawa ndizofunika kukhala ndi mahomoni oyenera komanso kuonetsetsa kuti kukula ndi chitukuko chikhale bwino kuyambira ubwana ndi unyamata. Mlingowo umasinthidwa kwa mwanayo ndipo umatsitsimutsidwa miyezi itatu kapena isanu ndi umodzi kufikira atakwana msinkhu.
Kukula Kwambiri kwa Ana ndi Matenda a Chithokomiro
Ana olemera kwambiri komanso olemera kwambiri ku US akukumana ndi mavuto koma omwe sagwidwa ndi hypothyroidism. Ndipotu, zakhala zosavuta kunena kuti mavutowa ndi "osasangalatsa" pamene ambiri amayamba chifukwa cha zakudya zoperewera komanso kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Ana omwe ali ndi hypothyroidism nthawi zina amawoneka ngati akunyamula mapaundi owonjezera chifukwa sakutalika. Koma nthawi zambiri, ndiko kunenepa kwambiri komwe kungachititse kusintha kwa chithokomiro m'malo mosiyana. Makamaka mwa ana, kukweza TSH mlingo nthawi zambiri kumakhala kunenepa kwambiri osati chifukwa.
> Chitsime:
> Hanley, P .; Ambuye, K .; ndi Bauer, A. "Kusokonezeka kwa Chithokomiro kwa Ana ndi Achinyamata A Review." JAMA Matenda. 2016; 170 (10): 1008-1019. DOI: 10.1001 / jamapediatrics.2016.0486.