Hyperthyroidism (thyrotoxicosis) ndi matenda omwe amapezeka pamene khungu lanu la chithokomiro limakhala ngati kachilombo kakang'ono, kamene kali ngati gulugufe kamene kali pamphuno mwanu-kamatulutsa mahomoni ambiri a chithokomiro. Nthawi zina amatchedwa chithokomiro chopitirira muyeso, hyperthyroidism amatha kuwonjezereka kagayidwe kake, zomwe zimapangitsa kulemera kwa thupi, kupukuta tsitsi, kutukuta, ndi zina zambiri. Mayeso a magazi amawunikira, ndipo mankhwala amachitiranso mankhwala ovomerezeka, ngakhale kuti vuto lalikulu lingapangitse kuti pulogalamu ya chithokomiro itengeke.
Pozindikira momwe zimakhalira kukhala ndi hyperthyroidism, komanso momwe matendawa amadziwidwira ndi kuchiritsidwa, mungathe kukhala ndi mphamvu pamene mukuyenda ulendo wanu wa chithokomiro-kuchokera kuchidziwitso kupita kwa otsogolera.
Zizindikiro
Mukamagwira ntchito moyenera, chithokomiro chanu chimagwiritsa ntchito ayodini zakudya kuti mukhale ndi hormone ya chithokomiro. Hormone imayendetsa mmene ziwalo zanu, mazisoni, matupi, ndi maselo zimagwiritsira ntchito mpweya ndi mphamvu. Pogwiritsa ntchito zochulukitsa, machitidwe anu m'thupi lanu "akufulumira." Kotero, mwachitsanzo, mtima wanu umapopera magazi mofulumizitsa (kumapangitsa mtima kuthamanga), ndipo ubongo wanu umakhala wopitirira, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kugona.
Zizindikiro zina za hyperthyroidism zikuphatikizapo:
- Nkhawa ndi / kapena kukwiya
- Kutaya thupi mopanda kudya
- Kumva kutentha pamene ena amazizira (kutentha kusankhana)
- Kutenga zambiri kuposa nthawi zonse
- Kupukuta tsitsi ndi khungu losalala bwino
- Kufooka kwa minofu
- Chotupa chooneka kapena chotheka pamtenda wa thyroid / khosi (goiter)
Zizindikirozi, komabe, zimangokhala pamtunda. Palinso zizindikiro zambiri , zina zowonekera kwambiri kuposa zina, zomwe zingathe kuwonetsa matenda a hyperthyroidism.
Zimayambitsa
Pali zifukwa zambiri za thanzi kapena zochitika zomwe zimayambitsa hyperthyroidism .
Matenda a manda ndi omwe amachititsa anthu oposa 70 peresenti ya hyperthyroidism.
M'magulu a Graves, chitetezo chanu cha mthupi sichitha kupanga ma antibodies, omwe amadziwika kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (TSI), omwe amachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa chithokomiro tiziyenda bwino, zomwe zimachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Zina mwa zifukwa za hyperthyroidism ndi izi:
- Goiter multinodular goiter
- Kusagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo otchedwa toxic adenoma)
- Thyroiditis: Izi zikutentha chifukwa cha matenda, kupwetekedwa, poizoni, kapena nthawi ya postpartum.
- Kutenga mahomoni ambiri a chithokomiro, mwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kapena mankhwala owonjezera
- Iodini-owonjezera hyperthyroidism
- Matenda a hyperthyroidism mu matenda a Hashimoto
- Kutsika kwa hyperthyroidism ya hyperemesis gravidarum
- Nthenda yotchedwa Hyperthyroidism
- Fetal-neonatal hyperthyroidism
Kudziwa
Kuzindikira kwa hyperthyroidism kumaphatikizapo njira zingapo zofunika.
Kufufuza kwachipatala
Pa kafukufuku wamakono, dokotala wanu adzafufuza mbiri yanu ndi banja lanu la matenda a chithokomiro ndi matenda omwe amachititsa kuti mukhale ndi matenda, yang'anani zozizwitsa zanu, ndikuyang'ana chithokomiro chanu pamanja. Dokotalayo adzafunanso zizindikiro zina zachipatala za hyperthyroidism monga chiwombankhanza cha mtima, chiwongolero, ndi zowonjezereka, pakati pa ena.
Kuyesedwa kwa Magazi
Mayeso a magazi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apeze hyperthyroidism. Kuyeza magazi kwakukulu kumeneku kumayesedwa ndi ma ARV (stimulating hormone).
Pamene chithokomiro chanu chimachititsa hormone yambiri, kachilombo ka TSH ndi kochepa.
Dokotala wanu angathenso kulangiza thyroxine (FT4) yaulere kapena free thyroxine index (FTI), malingana ndi mbiri yanu yachipatala ndi zotsatira za kuyezetsa magazi a TSH. Anthu omwe ali ndi hyperthyroidism adzakhala ndi FT4 kapena FTI.
Magazi ena omwe dokotala wanu angapereke angaphatikizepo:
- Triiodothyronine (T3)
- Matenda a chithokomiro
Testing Imaging
Kuwombera kwa chithokomiro chotchedwa radio iodine kupititsa scan (RAI-U) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mudziwe chomwe chimayambitsa hyperthyroidism (mwachitsanzo, matenda a Graves ndi toxic multinodular goiter).
Chithandizo
Hyperthyroidism imachiritsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zitatu:
- Mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo
- Kuchulukitsa chithokomiro ndi mankhwala a iodine, omwe amadziwika kuti RAI
- Opaleshoni kuchotsa zonse kapena mbali ya chithokomiro
Chithandizo chomwe mumachipeza chimadalira pazifukwa zingapo, monga chifukwa ndi kuuma kwa hyperthyroidism, msinkhu wanu, zomwe mumakonda, ndi thanzi lanu lonse.
Mungathenso kuitanitsa mtundu wa mankhwala wotchedwa beta-blocker kuti muthe kuchepetsa mtima wanu komanso kuchepetsa mantha kapena nkhawa zanu.
Kusagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yambiri ya hyperthyroid kungachititse kuti munthu azikonda mtima, kuthamanga kwa magazi, komanso ngakhale kuti akhoza kudwala matenda a mtima kapena kupwetekedwa mtima, monga mbali yoopsa ya moyo wotchedwa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro .
Nthawi zina, odwala amatha kukhululukidwa chifukwa cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena kusintha kwa chitetezo cha mthupi. Komabe, ochuluka a odwala a Graves 'ndi hyperthyroidism amafunikira mankhwala osokoneza bongo a antiithyroid kapena imodzi mwa njira zosatha zomwe zili pamwambapa.
Mawu Ochokera
Chidziwitso ndi mphamvu. Podziwa zofunikira za hyperthyroidism, muli kale sitepe yoyenda (kapena ya wokondedwa wanu) ulendo wa chithokomiro.
Ngakhale kuti nthawi zina matenda a hyperthyroidism amaoneka ngati ovuta kwambiri (ndi zachilendo kukhala ndi mantha pankhani ya kumwa mankhwala atsopano kapena kuchita opaleshoni yatsopano), ndikukhulupirira kuti mukuganiza bwino kuti mukudziwa kuti matendawa ndi ochiritsira.
> Zotsatira:
> American Thyroid Association. (2018). Hyperthyroidism FAQs .
> Ross DS et al. 2016 Makomiti a Chithokomiro cha America a ku America Otsogolera Kuzindikira ndi Kusamalira Hyperthyroidism ndi Zina Zimayambitsa Thyrotoxicosis. Chithokomiro . 2016 Oct; 26 (10): 1343-1421.